The use of SSR-markers in rice breeding for resistance to blast and submergence tolerance

Received: March 16th, 2022 ; Accepted: July 20th, 2022 ; Published: September 6th, 2022 ; Correspondence: [email protected] identification of effective specialized DNA markers providing the clear control of target locus inheritance by the trait of submergence tolerance has been conducted. Among the studied set of microsatellite markers, two the most informative SSR-markers - RM 7481, PrC3 showed high efficiency in detecting intraspecific polymorphism of rice varieties and lines used in the work. With the use of these markers the clear genotype marking the obtained hybrid rice plants by this trait has been conducted and it is has been verified by phenotype evaluation as a result of laboratory trials. The plant samples carrying the target gene in heterozygous and homozygous state has been selected. About 400 backcrossed self-pollinated rice lines with introgressed and pyramided resistance genes Pi-1, Pi-2, Pi-33, Pi-ta, Pi-b to Pyricularia oryzae Cav. were obtained within the frameworks of program to develop genetic rice sources resistant to blast. The conducted testing for resistance to blast and the assessment by economically valuable traits have allowed to select the prospective rice samples. The plant samples of F2 and BC1F1 generations with combination of resistance to blast genes (Pi) and submergence tolerance gene (Sub1A) in homozygous and heterozygous state that is confirmed be the results of analysis of their DNA have been obtained. The obtained hybrid plants are being tested in breeding nurseries for a complex of economically valuable traits. The best plants will be selected and send to State Variety Testing system. Their involving in rice industry will reduce the use of plant protection chemicals against diseases and weeds, thereby increasing the ecology status of the rice industry

Identification of electrofacies on the basis of well logging to determine sedimentation environment of horizon JK[2] in Em-Egovskoe field (Western Siberia)

Well logging results are one of the ways to study the buried terrigenous rocks genesis. To ensure the most objective characterization of the rock and identification of electrofacies it is necessary to use a complex geological and geophysical survey. The comprehensive investigations of environmental conditions based on well logging have been performed for the horizon JK[2] of Tumenskoe formation in Em-Egovskoe area, Krasnoleninskoe field (Western Siberia). The defined electrofacies were compared with the results of earlier conducted granulometric and mineralogical analyses. The totality of research provided for a conclusion that the investigated sediments of horizon JK2 had been formed within the destructive tidal delta. Thus, objective facies prediction can only be ensured by analyzing core and well logging data comprehensively

Innovative Closely Spaced Profiling and Current Velocity Measurements in the Southern Baltic Sea in 2016–2018 With Special Reference to the Bottom Layer

A solution to the problem of determination of spatial variability of oceanographic fields, which contained a fine structure resolution higher than what was possible previously using towed scanning probes, was presented for the Baltic Sea. Another concurrently solved problem consisted in obtaining data on the structure of waters in the bottom layer, which was difficult to implement by way of application of previous methods. Instead of scanning along inclined paths, a new measurement technique allows for a quasi-free probe drop with a constant sink rate and which reaches the bottom at each dive cycle along the route of the ship, independent of the pitch of the ship and optimal for the applied probe. The new measurement technique is simpler and more efficient than the previous one. In addition, the problem of measuring the velocity of both very weak and strong currents in a thin bottom layer, including stagnant zones, slopes, sills, and underwater channels, was suggested to be solved using clusters consisting of a sufficiently large number of autonomous Tilt Current Meters (TCM) of original design. The innovation benefits are illustrated by the results of a monitoring campaign that was carried out in the southern Baltic Sea in 2016–2018. Among the new findings is the highest ever recorded temperature, 14.3°C, in the halocline of the Bornholm Basin, measured after a baroclinic inflow event in early Autumn 2018, and an extraordinarily large current velocity of saltwater flow of more than 0.5 m/s, recorded by a TCM within a 1 m thick bottom layer at the eastern slope of the Hoburg Channel during a period when the northwesterly wind had intensified to a severe gale

Ultra-high bandwidth quantum secured data transmission

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides an attractive means for securing communications in optical fibre networks. However, deployment of the technology has been hampered by the frequent need for dedicated dark fibres to segregate the very weak quantum signals from conventional traffic. Up until now the coexistence of QKD with data has been limited to bandwidths that are orders of magnitude below those commonly employed in fibre optic communication networks. Using an optimised wavelength divisional multiplexing scheme, we transport QKD and the prevalent 100 Gb/s data format in the forward direction over the same fibre for the first time. We show a full quantum encryption system operating with a bandwidth of 200 Gb/s over a 100 km fibre. Exploring the ultimate limits of the technology by experimental measurements of the Raman noise, we demonstrate it is feasible to combine QKD with 10 Tb/s of data over a 50 km link. These results suggest it will be possible to integrate QKD and other quantum photonic technologies into high bandwidth data communication infrastructures, thereby allowing their widespread deployment

Дослідження напівпровідникового твердого розчину V1-xTixFeSb. I. Особливості електрокінетичних характеристик

The peculiarities of the temperature and concentration characteristics of resistivity and thermopower of V1-xTixFeSb semiconductor solid solution were investigated in the temperature and concentration ranges of T = 4.2 -400 K and Ті  ≈ 9.5·1019–3.6·1021 см-3 (х = 0.005 - 0.20), respectively. The existence of previously unknown mechanism for the generation of structural defects with donor nature which determined the conduction of n-VFeSb and V1-xTixFeSb was established. The acceptor type of structural defects generated in V1-xTixFeSb by substitution of V atoms by Ti ones was confirmed.Досліджено особливості температурних та концентраційних характеристик питомого електроопору та коефіцієнта термо-ерс напівпровідникового твердого розчину V1-xTixFeSb у діапазонах температур та концентрацій: Т = 4,2 – 400 К та Ті  ≈ 9.5·1019–3,6·1021 см-3 (х = 0,005–0,20). Встановлено існування невідомого раніше механізму генерування структурних дефектів донорної природи, які визначають провідність n-VFeSb та V1-xTixFeSb. Підтверджено акцепторну природу структурних дефектів, генерованих у V1-xTixFeSb, при заміщенні V атомами Ті

Combining Computational Prediction of Cis-Regulatory Elements with a New Enhancer Assay to Efficiently Label Neuronal Structures in the Medaka Fish

The developing vertebrate nervous system contains a remarkable array of neural cells organized into complex, evolutionarily conserved structures. The labeling of living cells in these structures is key for the understanding of brain development and function, yet the generation of stable lines expressing reporter genes in specific spatio-temporal patterns remains a limiting step. In this study we present a fast and reliable pipeline to efficiently generate a set of stable lines expressing a reporter gene in multiple neuronal structures in the developing nervous system in medaka. The pipeline combines both the accurate computational genome-wide prediction of neuronal specific cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) and a newly developed experimental setup to rapidly obtain transgenic lines in a cost-effective and highly reproducible manner. 95% of the CRMs tested in our experimental setup show enhancer activity in various and numerous neuronal structures belonging to all major brain subdivisions. This pipeline represents a significant step towards the dissection of embryonic neuronal development in vertebrates

Боротьба з допінгом: досвід України та європейських держав

Fight against doping: experience of Ukraine and European states / Oleg Reznik, Oleksandr Muzychuk, Nadiia Andriichenko and oth. // AMAZONIA Investiga. – 2020. – Vol. 9, Issue 27 (March). – P. 34-41. – DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/AI/2020.27.03.4.Reznik, O., et al. "Fight against Doping: Experience of Ukraine and European States." Amazonia Investiga 9.27 (2020): 34-41. Print.Стаття присвячена вивченню досвіду боротьби з допінгом в Україні та Європейських державах. В статті розглянуто низку доктринальних та нормативних підходів до розуміння допінгу та антидопінгового правопорушення і відповідно важливості боротьби із такими явищами. Досліджено положення міжнародних актів, які регламентують перелік речовин, які є допінгом, перевірку на допінг, застосування санкцій за антидопінгові правопорушення та сформульовано висновок про необхідність удосконалення переліку заборонених речовин, що на сьогодні стримує ефективність заходів у напрямку боротьби з допінгом. Акцентовано увагу на кримінально-правових нормах України, Угорщини, Естонії, Фінляндії, Німеччини, Польщі, Італії, Іспанії що встановлюють кримінальну відповідальність за допінг, у тому числі його незаконне виробництво, торгівлю, призначення, застосування та примушування до застосування інших осіб. Розкрито особливості унікального підходу до юридичної відповідальності за допінг в Австрії та Франції, де зазначені діяння підпадають під диспозицію статті «Шахрайство». Встановлено необхідність внесення змін до статті 323 Кримінального кодексу України з метою покращення боротьби з допінгом в Україні та доцільність уніфікації положень національного законодавства України та Європейських держав з нормами міжнародних актів в аспекті розуміння та назви допінгових речовин.The article deals with the study of the anti-doping experience of Ukraine and European countries. It considers a number of doctrinal and regulatory approaches to the understanding of doping and anti-doping rule violations and, accordingly, the importance of combating such phenomena. The article examines the provisions of international acts regulating the list of prohibited substances, doping testing, the application of sanctions for anti-doping rule violations, and formulates the conclusion on the need to improve the list of prohibited substances, which currently hinders the effectiveness of anti-doping measures. It focuses on the criminal law of Ukraine, Hungary, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Poland, Italy, and Spain, which provides for the criminal liability for doping, including its illegal production, trade, appointment, use, and forcing other persons to use it. The article describes the peculiarities of a unique approach to legal liability for doping in Austria and France, where the specified actions are regarded as fraud. The article establishes the necessity of introducing changes to Article 323 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine to improve the fight against doping in Ukraine and the expediency of harmonizing the provisions of the national legislation of Ukraine and European states with the international rules in terms of the definition of doping and the list of prohibited substances.Статья посвящена изучению опыта борьбы с допингом в Украине и европейских государствах. В статье рассмотрен ряд доктринальных и нормативных подходов к пониманию допинга и антидопингового правонарушения и соответственно важности борьбы с такими явлениями. Исследованы положения международных актов, регламентирующих перечень веществ, которые являются допингом, проверку на допинг, применение санкций за антидопинговые правонарушения и сформулирован вывод о необходимости совершенствования перечня запрещенных веществ, что на сегодня сдерживает эффективность мероприятий в направлении борьбы с допингом. Акцентировано внимание на криминально-правовых нормах Украины, Венгрии, Эстонии, Финляндии, Германии, Польши, Италии, Испании устанавливающие уголовную ответственность за допинг, в том числе его незаконное производство, торговлю, назначение, применение и принуждение к применению других лиц. Раскрыты особенности уникального подхода к юридической ответственности за допинг в Австрии и Франции, где указаные деяния подпадают под диспозицию статьи «Мошенничество». Установлена ​​необходимость внесения изменений в статью 323 Уголовного кодекса Украины с целью улучшения борьбы с допингом в Украине и целесообразность унификации положений национального законодательства Украины и европейских государств с нормами международных актов в аспекте понимания и названий допинговых веществ

Using the Tg(nrd:egfp)/albino Zebrafish Line to Characterize In Vivo Expression of neurod

In this study, we used a newly-created transgenic zebrafish, Tg(nrd:egfp)/albino, to further characterize the expression of neurod in the developing and adult retina and to determine neurod expression during adult photoreceptor regeneration. We also provide observations regarding the expression of neurod in a variety of other tissues. In this line, EGFP is found in cells of the developing and adult retina, pineal gland, cerebellum, olfactory bulbs, midbrain, hindbrain, neural tube, lateral line, inner ear, pancreas, gut, and fin. Using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, we compare the expression of the nrd:egfp transgene to that of endogenous neurod and to known retinal cell types. Consistent with previous data based on in situ hybridizations, we show that during retinal development, the nrd:egfp transgene is not expressed in proliferating retinal neuroepithelium, and is expressed in a subset of retinal neurons. In contrast to previous studies, nrd:egfp is gradually re-expressed in all rod photoreceptors. During photoreceptor regeneration in adult zebrafish, in situ hybridization reveals that neurod is not expressed in Müller glial-derived neuronal progenitors, but is expressed in photoreceptor progenitors as they migrate to the outer nuclear layer and differentiate into new rod photoreceptors. During photoreceptor regeneration, expression of the nrd:egfp matches that of neurod. We conclude that Tg(nrd:egfp)/albino is a good representation of endogenous neurod expression, is a useful tool to visualize neurod expression in a variety of tissues and will aid investigating the fundamental processes that govern photoreceptor regeneration in adults

Global burden of peripheral artery disease and its risk factors, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background: Peripheral artery disease is a growing public health problem. We aimed to estimate the global disease burden of peripheral artery disease, its risk factors, and temporospatial trends to inform policy and public measures. Methods: Data on peripheral artery disease were modelled using the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 database. Prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and mortality estimates of peripheral artery disease were extracted from GBD 2019. Total DALYs and age-standardised DALY rate of peripheral artery disease attributed to modifiable risk factors were also assessed. Findings: In 2019, the number of people aged 40 years and older with peripheral artery disease was 113 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 99·2–128·4), with a global prevalence of 1·52% (95% UI 1·33–1·72), of which 42·6% was in countries with low to middle Socio-demographic Index (SDI). The global prevalence of peripheral artery disease was higher in older people, (14·91% [12·41–17·87] in those aged 80–84 years), and was generally higher in females than in males. Globally, the total number of DALYs attributable to modifiable risk factors in 2019 accounted for 69·4% (64·2–74·3) of total peripheral artery disease DALYs. The prevalence of peripheral artery disease was highest in countries with high SDI and lowest in countries with low SDI, whereas DALY and mortality rates showed U-shaped curves, with the highest burden in the high and low SDI quintiles. Interpretation: The total number of people with peripheral artery disease has increased globally from 1990 to 2019. Despite the lower prevalence of peripheral artery disease in males and low-income countries, these groups showed similar DALY rates to females and higher-income countries, highlighting disproportionate burden in these groups. Modifiable risk factors were responsible for around 70% of the global peripheral artery disease burden. Public measures could mitigate the burden of peripheral artery disease by modifying risk factors. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

Effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on stroke and atrial fibrillation in diabetic kidney disease: Results from the CREDENCE trial and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Chronic kidney disease with reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate or elevated albuminuria increases risk for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. This study assessed the effects of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on stroke and atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF/AFL) from CREDENCE (Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes With Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation) and a meta-Analysis of large cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) of SGLT2i in type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: CREDENCE randomized 4401 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease to canagliflozin or placebo. Post hoc, we estimated effects on fatal or nonfatal stroke, stroke subtypes, and intermediate markers of stroke risk including AF/AFL. Stroke and AF/AFL data from 3 other completed large CVOTs and CREDENCE were pooled using random-effects meta-Analysis. RESULTS: In CREDENCE, 142 participants experienced a stroke during follow-up (10.9/1000 patient-years with canagliflozin, 14.2/1000 patient-years with placebo; hazard ratio [HR], 0.77 [95% CI, 0.55-1.08]). Effects by stroke subtypes were: ischemic (HR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.61-1.28]; n=111), hemorrhagic (HR, 0.50 [95% CI, 0.19-1.32]; n=18), and undetermined (HR, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.20-1.46]; n=17). There was no clear effect on AF/AFL (HR, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.53-1.10]; n=115). The overall effects in the 4 CVOTs combined were: Total stroke (HRpooled, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.82-1.12]), ischemic stroke (HRpooled, 1.01 [95% CI, 0.89-1.14]), hemorrhagic stroke (HRpooled, 0.50 [95% CI, 0.30-0.83]), undetermined stroke (HRpooled, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.49-1.51]), and AF/AFL (HRpooled, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.71-0.93]). There was evidence that SGLT2i effects on total stroke varied by baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (P=0.01), with protection in the lowest estimated glomerular filtration rate (45 mL/min/1.73 m2]) subgroup (HRpooled, 0.50 [95% CI, 0.31-0.79]). CONCLUSIONS: Although we found no clear effect of SGLT2i on total stroke in CREDENCE or across trials combined, there was some evidence of benefit in preventing hemorrhagic stroke and AF/AFL, as well as total stroke for those with lowest estimated glomerular filtration rate. Future research should focus on confirming these data and exploring potential mechanisms