French women and Nazi concentration camps: A study of the testimonies of French female survivors

This thesis is a study of the experiences of French women deported to Nazi concentration camps during World War Two, conducted with reference to an extensive corpus of published and archival autobiographical testimonies written by French female camp survivors. The testimonies of French male survivors and non-French writers are also utilised to a lesser degree as supplementary and comparative sources. The thesis aims to contribute to concentration camp scholarship by configuring a hitherto unrealised comprehensive portrait of the French female body of writing, elucidating how French women depict their camp experience, their responses to the unique challenges of testimonial writing and the gender specificity of this literature. Focusing on those aspects which are most significant within the testimonies of French women, the study demonstrates how social and biological gender specificity shape and particularize the narratives of these women. It also encompasses the pivotal theme of inmate relations, revealing the simultaneous externalization and redefinition of the notion of prisoner privilege which occurs in these writers' portrayal of hierarchical prisoner interaction, as well as the marked emphasis which French female survivors place upon the concepts of solidarity, mutual aid and collective structures. The purely textual level is also examined, detailing both the variety of responses to the issues of testimonial writing manifested by these writers and the cross-narrative authorial conception of the testimony as ultimately problematic. These areas of inquiry combine to yield a portrait of a highly complex testimonial genre, characterized by often unresolved tensions which are reflective of the complex and consistently nuanced nature of the wider camp experience

Hey koca dünya

Sürur Bedi'nin Son Saat'te tefrika edilen Hey Koca Dünya adlı roman

Mev’ud hüküm

Halide Edip'in Yeni Mecmua'da yayımlanan Mev'ud Hüküm adlı romanının ilk ve son tefrikalarıTelif hakları nedeniyle romanın tam metni verilememiştir

An anti-CD45RO/RB monoclonal antibody modulates T cell responses via induction of apoptosis and generation of regulatory T cells

The effects of a chimeric monoclonal antibody (chA6 mAb) that recognizes both the RO and RB isoforms of the transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase CD45 on human T cells were investigated. Chimeric A6 (chA6) mAb potently inhibited antigen-specific and polyclonal T cell responses. ChA6 mAb induced activation-independent apoptosis in CD4+CD45RO/RBhigh T cells but not in CD8+ T cells. In addition, CD4+ T cell lines specific for tetanus toxoid (TT) generated in the presence of chA6 mAb were anergic and suppressed the proliferation and interferon (IFN)-γ production by TT-specific effector T cells by an interleukin-10–dependent mechanism, indicating that these cells were equivalent to type 1 regulatory T cells. Similarly, CD8+ T cell lines specific for the influenza A matrix protein-derived peptide (MP.58-66) generated in the presence of chA6 mAb were anergic and suppressed IFN-γ production by MP.58-66–specific effector CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, chA6 mAb significantly prolonged human pancreatic islet allograft survival in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency mice injected with human peripheral blood lymphocytes (hu-PBL-NOD/SCID). Together, these results demonstrate that the chA6 mAb is a new immunomodulatory agent with multiple modes of action, including deletion of preexisting memory and recently activated T cells and induction of anergic CD4+ and CD8+ regulatory T cells

Clinical experience in T cell deficient patients

T cell disorders have been poorly understood until recently. Lack of knowledge of underlying molecular mechanisms together with incomplete data on long term outcome have made it difficult to assess prognosis and give the most effective treatment. Rapid progress in defining molecular defects, improved supportive care and much improved results from hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) now mean that curative treatment is possible for many patients. However, this depends on prompt recognition, accurate diagnosis and careful treatment planning

Responsiveness of human T lymphocytes to bacterial superantigens presented by cultured rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes

Objective . Type B fibroblastic synoviocytes are abundant in inflamed joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and can secrete cytokines and other mediators of inflammation. The aim of this study was to determine whether cell lines derived from RA type B synoviocytes could also serve as accessory cells for T lymphocyte activation. Methods . Cells from RA synoviocyte lines, with or without preculture in interferon-Γ (IFNΓ), were cultured with purified peripheral blood T cells, in the presence or absence of superantigens or other accessory cell–dependent T cell mitogens. T cell proliferation was measured by thymidine incorporation, and synoviocyte surface markers were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results . RA type B synoviocyte lines were potent accessory cells for T cell responses to bacterial superantigens or lectins, and direct cell-cell contact was required. Preculture in IFNΓ augmented synoviocyte expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules and of ligands for some T cell costimulatory receptors, but synoviocyte accessory cell function was evident even in the absence of IFNΓ. Blocking studies using monoclonal antibodies supported the notion of a role for CD2, CD11a/CD18 and MHC class II molecules in synoviocyte-dependent T cell activation. Monoclonal antibodies against IFNΓ, interleukin-1Β (IL-1Β), IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor Α failed to block the T cell proliferative responses, but anti–IL-2 was strongly inhibitory. Conclusion . Cultured RA type B synoviocytes can perform some of the functions of professional antigen-presenting cells. If such cells have similar properties in vivo, they may be important participants in activation of immune responses, in addition to their previously described synthetic and proinflammatory roles. If RA synovial tissue T cells, like normal peripheral blood T cells, can respond to superantigens presented by synoviocytes, this interaction could be important in the pathogenesis of RA.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/37807/1/1780390117_ftp.pd

The role of T cells in the immunopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. New perspectives

No Abstract.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/37811/1/1780400403_ftp.pd

Größeneinflüsse beim mechanischen Verhalten von Wolfram,Kupfer-Teilchenverbundwerkstoffen

Tungsten/copper (W/Cu) particle reinforced composites were used to investigate the scaling effects on the deformation and fracture behaviour. The effects of the volume fraction and the particle size of the reinforcement (tungsten particles) were studied. W/Cu-80/20, 70/30 and 60/40 wt.% each with tungsten particle size of 10 lm and 30 lm were tested under compression and shear loading. Cylindrical compression specimens with different volumes (DS = H) were investigated with strain rates between 0.001 1/s and about 5750 1/s at temperatures from 20°C to 800°C. Axis-symmetric hat-shaped shear specimens with different shear zone widths were examined at different strain rates as well. A clear dependence of the flow stress on the deformed volume and the particle size was found under compression and shear loading. Metallographic investigation was carried out to show a relation between the deformation of the tungsten particles and the global deformation of the specimens. The size of the deformed zone under either compression or shear loading has shown a clear size effect on the fracture of the hat-shaped specimens. The quasi-static flow curves were described with the material law from Swift. The parameters of the material law were presented as a function of the temperature and the specimen size. The mechanical behaviour of the composite materials were numerically computed for an idealized axis-symmetric hat-shaped specimen to verify the determined material law

Größeneinflüsse beim mechanischen Verhalten von Wolfram,Kupfer-Teilchenverbundwerkstoffen

Tungsten/copper (W/Cu) particle reinforced composites were used to investigate the scaling effects on the deformation and fracture behaviour. The effects of the volume fraction and the particle size of the reinforcement (tungsten particles) were studied. W/Cu-80/20, 70/30 and 60/40 wt.% each with tungsten particle size of 10 lm and 30 lm were tested under compression and shear loading. Cylindrical compression specimens with different volumes (DS = H) were investigated with strain rates between 0.001 1/s and about 5750 1/s at temperatures from 20°C to 800°C. Axis-symmetric hat-shaped shear specimens with different shear zone widths were examined at different strain rates as well. A clear dependence of the flow stress on the deformed volume and the particle size was found under compression and shear loading. Metallographic investigation was carried out to show a relation between the deformation of the tungsten particles and the global deformation of the specimens. The size of the deformed zone under either compression or shear loading has shown a clear size effect on the fracture of the hat-shaped specimens. The quasi-static flow curves were described with the material law from Swift. The parameters of the material law were presented as a function of the temperature and the specimen size. The mechanical behaviour of the composite materials were numerically computed for an idealized axis-symmetric hat-shaped specimen to verify the determined material law