Zielbasiertes Investieren : eine Untersuchung hinsichtlich der Altersvorsorgeproblematik in der Schweiz

Die finanzielle Situation von Schweizer Rentnerinnen und Rentnern wird zunehmend angespannter. Denn die steigende Lebenserwartung führt in Kombination mit der sinkenden Geburtenrate und vermehrten Teilzeit-Pensen zu immer geringeren Beträgen aus der 1. und 2. Säule. Die Bevölkerung ist also dazu angehalten, privat vorzusorgen. Beliebt ist hierbei vor allem die 3. Säule. Jedoch wird innerhalb der 3. Säule generell nach Grundsätzen der Modern Portfolio Theory angelegt, welche bereits seit den 1950er-Jahren beinahe unverändert umgesetzt werden. Dabei wird versucht, die Volatilität zu minimieren und den Return zu maximieren. Abstrakte Begriffe wie diese sind aber für die wenigsten Menschen tatsächlich greifbar. Derzeit ist eine weitere Anlagestrategie vor allem im angelsächsischen Raum beliebt und wird in der Literatur gelobt: Zielbasiertes Investieren (ZBI). Dieses beratungsintensive Konzept sieht vor, individuell für Ziele zu sparen und dabei nur so viel Risiko einzugehen, wie es braucht, um diese Ziele zu erreichen. Im Grunde genommen handelt es sich dabei um ein «individuelles ALM» für Privatpersonen. Vor allem im Vorsorge-Kontext erscheint es sinnvoll, zielbasierte Anlagestrategien umzusetzen. Denn mittels ZBI kann diszipliniert und ohne Willkür für die Rente gespart werden. Es stellt sich in diesem Kontext die Frage, ob ZBI auch am Schweizer Markt gefragt ist, da das Angebot bisher überwiegend aus den USA stammt. Um dieser Frage nachzugehen, wurden einerseits Interviews mit elf Schweizer Vorsorgeexperten und andererseits eine Online-Umfrage unter der Schweizer Bevölkerung durchgeführt. Die Experten sehen aufgrund der Individualität, Dynamik und Objektivität mehrheitlich grosses Potenzial in ZBI. Als Herausforderungen werden die Disziplin der Anlegenden, die komplexen Modelle sowie eingeschränkte Flexibilität genannt. Für viele Experten ist die breite Öffentlichkeit die Zielgruppe. Für die Online-Umfrage wurden 132 Datensätze analysiert. Die Repräsentativität ist zwar unter anderem aufgrund der geringen Teilnehmendenzahl eingeschränkt, jedoch konnten trotzdem wichtige Erkenntnisse gewonnen werden. Die Mehrheit der Befragten sieht Potenzial in ZBI als private Vorsorgelösung und würde sich auch entsprechend beraten lassen. Einige der Teilnehmenden loben den Ansatz als «ausgewogen», andere haben allerdings Sicherheitsbedenken beim Thema «Investieren». Weitere Analysen liefern Hinweise darauf, dass das Konzept generell – unabhängig von Faktoren wie Bildung oder Branchenerfahrung – mit positiven Aspekten assoziiert wird. Es lässt sich zudem ableiten, dass Personen zwischen 20 und 49 Jahren eher für ZBI offen sind als ältere Menschen und Frauen im Allgemeinen etwas kritischer eingestellt sind als Männer. Betrachtet man den derzeitigen Boom von Robo-Advisors und Angebote wie VIAC, dann lässt sich sagen, dass die Schweiz für ein ZBI-Vorsorge-Angebot bereit zu sein scheint. Für die Praxis wäre es nun wichtig, weitere Analysen zu betreiben, um ZBI am Markt zu positionieren, und nach einer Etablierung die tatsächliche Performance zu untersuchen, da entsprechende Daten bisher fehlen

Implementation of service robots in Swiss hospitals and hotels : an investigation of the barriers to use

This poster delves into the realm of service robots within the context of Swiss hospitality, focusing on both hospitals and hotels. The study uncovers potential applications for service robots, ranging from medical deliveries in hospitals to enhancing guest experiences in hotels. Furthermore, it identifies and examines the barriers of to the use of service robots into the hospitality landscape. The research not only sheds light on the dynamics between humans and robots but also delves into the technological concerns, the establishments' culture, economical barriers and architectural limitations. While the study offers valuable insights into the Swiss scenario, it acknowledges the limitations of a regional sample. Ultimately, this endeavor contributes to a deeper understanding of the opportunities and obstacles in harnessing service robots to augment hospitality services in Switzerland

Changes in kernel chemical composition during nut development of three Italian hazelnut cultivars

This research focused on the variation of the kernel and pellicle (seed coat) constituents during nut growth, from early development to maturity.Material and methods. Nuts of three hazelnut cultivars widely grown in Italy: \u2018Tonda Gentile Romana\u2019, \u2018Tonda di Giffoni\u2019 and \u2018Nocchione\u2019. were randomly sampled weekly, from the same trees, starting from the first week of July 2007 (day of the year: DOY = 186) until the beginning of September (DOY = 249), at harvest time. Oil content increased continuously during the development of the kernel, from 30\u201335 g 100 g 121 dry weight (DW) at the beginning of July, to 61\u201368 g 100 g 121 DW in the first week of September. Total monounsaturated fatty acids were the main group of fatty acids in the oil and oleic acid was the most predominant one, showing slight variations depending on the cultivar and kernel growth stage. Nitrogen content in the kernel decreased continuously during development, from 4.2 g 100 g 121 DW to 2.9 g 100 g 121 DW on average among the cultivars. Soluble sugars, mainly sucrose, showed a wide fluctuation until late July, and the content observed in the mature seed was about 5 g 100 g 121 DW in all cultivars. The organic acids, mainly represented by malic acid, showed a large decrease during the early stages (July), and reached on average a content of about 0.3\u20130.4 g 100 g 121 DW at the mature stage. Starch content for all cultivars was highest at the first sampling date, then decreased rapidly, coinciding with the initial kernel expansion stage. Starch levels then increased to a second peak in early August, then rapidly decreased again, followed by a gradual decline up to the time of nut ripening. The total phenol content was mainly concentrated in the pellicle and showed wide variation during the nut development both in the kernel and pellicle. The complexity of these dynamics can explain the different kernel taste in immature and mature states, and highlights the possibilities of optimizing the orchard management and harvesting time

Restriction of meat, fish, and poultry in omnivores improves mood: A pilot randomized controlled trial

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Omnivorous diets are high in arachidonic acid (AA) compared to vegetarian diets. Research shows that high intakes of AA promote changes in brain that can disturb mood. Omnivores who eat fish regularly increase their intakes of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), fats that oppose the negative effects of AA in vivo. In a recent cross-sectional study, omnivores reported significantly worse mood than vegetarians despite higher intakes of EPA and DHA. This study investigated the impact of restricting meat, fish, and poultry on mood.</p> <p>Findings</p> <p>Thirty-nine omnivores were randomly assigned to a control group consuming meat, fish, and poultry daily (OMN); a group consuming fish 3-4 times weekly but avoiding meat and poultry (FISH), or a vegetarian group avoiding meat, fish, and poultry (VEG). At baseline and after two weeks, participants completed a food frequency questionnaire, the Profile of Mood States questionnaire and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales. After the diet intervention, VEG participants reduced their EPA, DHA, and AA intakes, while FISH participants increased their EPA and DHA intakes. Mood scores were unchanged for OMN or FISH participants, but several mood scores for VEG participants improved significantly after two weeks.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Restricting meat, fish, and poultry improved some domains of short-term mood state in modern omnivores. To our knowledge, this is the first trial to examine the impact of restricting meat, fish, and poultry on mood state in omnivores.</p

Bioactive properties and chemical composition of six walnut (Juglans regia L.) cultivars

The chemical composition, antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity were studied in six walnuts (Juglans regia L.) cultivars (cv. Franquette, Lara, Marbot, Mayette, Mellanaise and Parisienne) produced in Portugal. Concerning their chemical composition the main constituent of fruits was fat ranging from 78.83% to 82.14%, being the nutritional value around 720 kcal per 100 g of fruits. Linoleic acid was the major fatty acid reaching the maximum value of 60.30% (cv. Lara) followed by oleic, linolenic and palmitic acids. The aqueous extracts of walnut cultivars were investigated by the reducing power assay, the scavenging effect on DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radicals and b-carotene linoleate model system. All the walnut extracts exhibited antioxidant capacity in a concentration- dependent manner being the lowest EC50 values obtained with extracts of cv. Parisienne. Their antimicrobial capacity was also checked against gram positive (Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae) and fungi (Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans), revealing activity against the different tested microorganisms

Vegetarian diets are associated with healthy mood states: a cross-sectional study in Seventh Day Adventist adults

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The physical health status of vegetarians has been extensively reported, but there is limited research regarding the mental health status of vegetarians, particularly with regard to mood. Vegetarian diets exclude fish, the major dietary source of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), critical regulators of brain cell structure and function. Omnivorous diets low in EPA and DHA are linked to impaired mood states in observational and experimental studies.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We examined associations between mood state and polyunsaturated fatty acid intake as a result of adherence to a vegetarian or omnivorous diet in a cross-sectional study of 138 healthy Seventh Day Adventist men and women residing in the Southwest. Participants completed a quantitative food frequency questionnaire, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS), and Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaires.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Vegetarians (VEG:n = 60) reported significantly less negative emotion than omnivores (OMN:n = 78) as measured by both mean total DASS and POMS scores (8.32 ± 0.88 vs 17.51 ± 1.88, <it>p </it>= .000 and 0.10 ± 1.99 vs 15.33 ± 3.10, <it>p </it>= .007, respectively). VEG reported significantly lower mean intakes of EPA (<it>p </it>< .001), DHA (<it>p </it>< .001), as well as the omega-6 fatty acid, arachidonic acid (AA; <it>p </it>< .001), and reported higher mean intakes of shorter-chain α-linolenic acid (<it>p </it>< .001) and linoleic acid (<it>p </it>< .001) than OMN. Mean total DASS and POMS scores were positively related to mean intakes of EPA (<it>p </it>< 0.05), DHA (<it>p </it>< 0.05), and AA (<it>p </it>< 0.05), and inversely related to intakes of ALA (<it>p </it>< 0.05), and LA (<it>p </it>< 0.05), indicating that participants with low intakes of EPA, DHA, and AA and high intakes of ALA and LA had better mood.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The vegetarian diet profile does not appear to adversely affect mood despite low intake of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids.</p

Chancen und Risiken von Hypothekarplattformen

Hypothekarplattformen haben das Potenzial, den Hypothekarmarkt nachhaltig zu verändern. Ihr Marktanteil ist derzeit noch gering. Dieser Artikel widmet sich der Frage, welche Chancen und Risiken mit dieser Entwicklung einhergehen