การพัฒนากิจกรรมการเรียนการสอนด้วยเทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศตามกระบวนการ Big Six Skills เพื่อพัฒนาทักษะการแก้ปัญหา : กรณีศึกษาการวางแผนผลิตรายการและการเขียนบทโทรทัศน์

This research aimed to 1) study and analyze IT-based learning activities using the Big Six Skills, 2) design the IT-based learning activities using the Big Six Skills, 3) evaluate learning achievement of students who learned through the IT-based learning activities using the Big Six Skills, and 4) measure the problem solving skill from students who learned through the learning activities using the Big Six Skills, The study breaks into five steps as follows: (1) analyzing principle and method of designing learning activities for IT-based learning activities using the Big Six Skills, (2) synthesizing the expected model from the learning activities, (3) designing the learning activities, (4) evaluating an appropriateness of the design, and (5) conducting experiment of model implementation and collecting data. There were two groups of samples, purposively selected, in this study, which are a group of 5 experts in education technology, and 34 undergraduate students from department of electronic engineering. The study results were as follows. 1) The appropriateness of the design of learning activities, evaluated by 5 experts, were at high level. 2) The students learning achievements have been improved statistically significantly at 0.5 level. 3) The evaluation of student problem solving skill who learned through the learning activities using the Big Six Skills, featuring the case study of TV production and script writing planning, were at high level, and 4) The satisfaction of the learners who learned through the process of learning activities developed by using Big Six Skills, were at high level

การสังเคราะห์ และศึกษาคุณลักษณะของสารประกอบเชิงซ้อนที่มีลิแกนด์เป็นวงปิดและการใช้ประโยชน์

Thesis (Ph.D., (Chemistry))--Prince of Songkla University, 201

Withdrawal of sulfonylureas from patients with type 2 diabetes receiving long-term sulfonylurea and insulin combination therapy results in deterioration of glycemic control: a randomized controlled trial

Weerachai Srivanichakorn,1 Apiradee Sriwijitkamol,2 Aroon Kongchoo,2 Sutin Sriussadaporn,2 Nattachet Plengvidhya,2 Raweewan Lertwattanarak,2 Sathit Vannasaeng,2 Nuntakorn Thongtang2 1Division of Ambulatory Medicine, 2Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand Background: The benefit of sulfonylureas (SUs) to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving long-term insulin treatment is unclear. This study evaluated glycemic control and beta-cell function after SU withdrawal in these patients. Methods: In this 8-week randomized controlled study, patients with type 2 diabetes who had been treated with insulin for at least 3 years plus moderate to high doses of SUs were randomly assigned to withdrawal (n=16) or continuation (n=16) of SUs. Clinical characteristics, glycemic control, hypoglycemic events, and insulin secretion, including homeostasis model assessment of beta-cell function (HOMA-B) score, C-peptide concentration, and Matsuda index, were evaluated at baseline and after 2 and 8 weeks. Results: Thirty patients (16 in the SU withdrawal group and 14 in the SU continuation group) completed the study. Median duration of diabetes was 17 (range 5–40) years. Baseline clinical characteristics, glycemic control, and HOMA-B were similar in the two groups, but the mean fasting C-peptide concentration was higher in the SU withdrawal group. After 8 weeks, the SU withdrawal group showed a significant increase in mean glycosylated hemoglobin levels from 7.8%±0.5% (62±5 mmol/mol) to 8.6%±1.2% (71±13 mmol/mol; P=0.002), whereas the SU continuation group showed a slight but not significant increase from 7.7%±0.5% (61±5 mmol/mol) to 7.9%±1.2% (63±13 mmol/mol; P=0.37). Insulin secretion, as measured by C-peptide and HOMA-B, decreased by 18% and 36%, respectively, in the SU withdrawal group. Hypoglycemic events were significantly more frequent in the SU continuation group whereas body weight did not change significantly in either group. Conclusion: Withdrawal of SU from patients with type 2 diabetes receiving long-term combination treatment with SU and insulin resulted in deterioration of glycemic control and insulin secretion. Keywords: insulin, sulfonylurea withdrawal, type 2 diabetes, long-term combinatio