Clinical features and course of pregnancy in placenta praevia

Background: India being a developing country, with majority of its population in rural areas, lack in basic medical care and transportation. With a high rate of illiteracy, early marriages and high prevalence of anaemia, it is important to counsel, diagnose, refer and manage a case of placenta praevia at a higher centreMethods: All patients who came with history of painless bleeding per vagina after 28 weeks of gestation were hospitalized. A thorough history of vaginal bleeding (warning haemorrhage) was taken. Cases with confirmed diagnosis of placenta praevia on ultrasonography were included in the study.Results: Out of 84 cases, 70 cases (83.33%) underwent C/S of which 69 (82.14%) cases were emergency C/S and 1 (1.19%) case underwent elective C/S. 2 (2.38%) cases underwent emergency laparotomy for rupture uterus along with placenta praevia. 12 (14.29%) cases delivered vaginally, of which 9 (10.72%) delivered spontaneously and 3 (3.57%) cases were accelerated.Conclusions: In our study, majority of cases (76.19percent) occurred in the age group of 21-30years, which is lower than the mean maternal age reported in other studies. It is possible that an earlier age of marriage and conception in our community have influenced this finding

Religion and Crime: A Study of Inmates in State and Federal Prisons in the United States.

Persistent high levels of crime in this country have provided support for the need for public programs that help in reducing crime rates through effective interventions. Spirituality and religion are considered to play a major part in determining an individual\u27s attitude towards committing a crime. This study analyzed if inmates in State and Federal prisons in the US are involved in prison religious activities and personal prayers in order to determine if criminality (measured by offense type) of inmates affects their participation in religious activities. Based on logistic regression analysis, gender, race, and marital status of inmates were found to be significant predictors of inmates\u27 religious participation. Offense type was not a significant predictor in determining inmates\u27 participation in religious activities. The study shows up to 60% of the inmates participate in some kind of religious activity. The implications for further research are discussed along with the potential for further evaluation of the relationship between religion and crime

Trapezoidal Spherical Fuzzy Numbers and its Application to Fuzzy Risk Analysis

Spherical fuzzy sets are a broader type of fuzzy sets that have the ability to handle various scenarios using their membership, non-membership, and neutral membership grades. These sets require that the total of the squares of these grades be no greater than one. This condition extends the possible values for the three grades and enables decision makers to have a wider range of options when assessing a situation. In solving real life problems, it is necessary to describe a real number as a spherical fuzzy set to incorporate the fuzziness, thus, the need to use trapezoidal spherical fuzzy numbers (TSFN).  In this paper, the membership functions of the TSFN, their arithmetic operations and their properties are discussed. Also, a ranking function is proposed to order the TSFNs. All these are used to solve a fuzzy risk analysis problem whose parameters are presented as TSFNs

A Study On Air Pollution And Environmental Challenges In Chennai City

Environmental pollution is a severe issue in both developed and developing countries. Pollution is defined undesirable state of natural environment being contaminated with harmful substances as a consequence of human activities. There is clear relationship between the growth manmade green house gas emissions and observed environmental climate change are claimed by policymakers. The most important causes of air pollution are human economic activities such as use of vehicles and industrial operations mainly in Chennai city. Air pollution is various types such as noise, water, air. It causes damages that are normally inflicted in society at large rather than on those directly responsible. In several city air is already polluted that it has been causing illness and deaths among elderly people and children. The high pollution density has placed great strain on available infrastructure and major problem for environmental in major cities of Tamil Nadu. It is recognized that climate change due to global warming going to important threat safety of millions of people not only living near coastline but also impacts on changing cyclones. The aim of the study focuses on objectives to environment in Chennai city to estimate the problems of air pollution environment in Challenge in Chennai city and suggest health cost of vehicular pollution and to suggest the Government measure to control air pollution in environment Chennai city

Study on Viral Transmission Impact on Human Population Using Fractional Order Zika Virus Model

This work comprises the spread of Zika virus between humans and mosquitoes as a mathematical simulation under fractional order, which also incorporates the asymptotically infected human population. For determining the solution of the model the fuzzy Laplace transform technique is utilized. By combining fuzzy logic with the Laplace transform, we can analyze systems even when we lack precise information. Further, the sensitivity analysis is performed to validate the model. On top of that the population dynamics of both human and mosquito populations are discussed using numerical data and the graphical result of the model is presented. The main objective of this work is to study the dynamics of the Zika virus and to examine the effect of virus on humans when the transmission occurs between humans and from mosquitoes, under fractional order. The outcome of these comparisons suggests that even by reducing a minute fractional part of transmission through mosquitoes results in a greater reduction of Zika exposed population. The comparisons improve the understanding of fractional level transmission resulting in more effective drug administration to patients. The Hyers-Ulam stability method is a mathematical technique used to study the stability of functional equations. Eventually, Ulam Hyers and Ulam Hyers Rassias stability are employed to assess the stability of the proposed model

Rapid chloride penetration on high performance fly ash incorporated silica fume concrete

Mechanical and durability properties of fly ash incorporated high performance silica fume concretes are discussed with respective to the obtained experimental results. Concrete specimens are prepared at the water-to-binder ratio of 0.28.  The effect of inclusion of various percentages of silica fume (4%, 8%, 10% and 12%) on the workability, the Compressive strength and the Rapid chloride penetration, according to ASTM C 1202  are determined and compared with the reference mix in which 12% of fly ash is kept constant as cement replacement material. The consumption of alternative  fine aggregate is an accepted step towards solving part of the depletion of natural aggregate and hence sand was substituted with M-sand of 50 %. Total binder content was kept constant as  600 kg/m3 for all the concrete mixtures. Result show that the combination of 8 to 10 % silica fume and 12% fly ash increase the  strength  of concrete, but beyond 10% of silica fume with 12% of fly ash combination the compressive strength get decreased. The incorporation of  silica fume and fly ash in the concrete mixtures, increased the resistance to chloride ions while an increasing percentage of silica fume in ternary mix and shaped the concretes with very low permeability - high performance