Farming Systems in Southern Mali: How to Improve Small Farmers’ Management Behaviors

The study aims at designing a need analysis methodology and a curriculum that deals with the decision making process of small farmers in allocates resources cultural production. The research will be implemented in the Operation H Valley (OHV) and with food crop production. The samples under study concern 33 households 4 different villages. The focus of study was the actual reactions (behaviors) of farmers in terms of decisions made; actions undertaken and the consequences of the actions with regard to three factors: the input supply system (credit system and extension activities), the market system, and the farmers individual goals and expectations. The study attempted: - first, to establish the discrepancy that exists between the production decision making schemes as proposed by OHV (through the and market systems) and the actual decision making process followed by the farmers: - second, to identify the causes of this discrepancy, - third, to propose a curriculum to deal with the discrepancy, The final outputs of the study will be (1) the draft of a need analysis methodology to achieve the curriculum ) and (2) the design of the curriculum

Perception de la Dégradation des Terres et Adoption des Technologies de Conservation des Eaux et des Sols au Nord du Burkina Faso : le cas du Zaï et des Cordons Pierreux

This study is based on data collected from 141 family-type farms in the Yatenga province in Burkina Faso. A probit approach is used to analyze the effect of perception of land degradation and other factors on the adoption of zaï and stone rows. The results of the estimation show that the availability of organic matter from small ruminants is determinant for the adoption of both zaï and stone rows. Although most of farmers are aware of the causes and consequences of land degradation, this factor does not significantly impact on farmers’ decision to invest in SWC measures. Opportunities do exist for making more efficient use of local sources of nutrients, such as small ruminants’ organic matter in combination with locally accepted SWC measures. This may increase farmers’ willingness to go beyond SWC measures, to invest in nutrient supply in their soils which are characterized by poor fertility. The study shows that combining training on SWC and the development of small-scale animal breeding could contribute to reach this goal in a degraded area.Land degradation, technology adoption, stone rows, Zai, Yatenga, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Consumer/Household Economics, Environmental Economics and Policy, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty, Labor and Human Capital, Land Economics/Use, Marketing, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies,

Facteurs Lies Au Stress Chez Les Couples Infertiles A Partir De Cas Recenses A L’unite Biologique De La Reproduction De L’institut Pasteur d’Abidjan

The stress associated with infertility is a painful experience for couples who are struggling to conceive of the value attached to the child in African society. This article apprehends the question of the management of stress caused by infertility from the cases identified at “Institut pasteur d’Abidjan”. The methodology adopted concerns observation techniques, semi-structured interview as well as the use of stress scale submitted to a sample of 120 subjects, including 60 men and 60 infertile women. The data collected were processed manually with proportion calculations. The results indicate that the majority of clients (73.33%) experience episodes of stress related to their infertility whose main sources are biological, psychological and environmental. In sum, the existence of a holistic support network can effectively communicate infertility and reduce the effect of these factors

Kyste colloïde obstructif du troisième ventricule avec hydrocéphalie aiguë : à propos d’un cas: Obstructive colloid cyst of the third ventricle with acute hydrocephalus: about a case

The obstructive colloid cyst of the third ventricle is a rare benign tumor and a neurosurgical emergency. It is at the origin of syndrome of intracranial hypertension or sudden death in case of obstruction of the foramen of Monro. The authors report a case of obstructive colloid cyst of the third ventricle discovered in the context of intracranial hypertension. Le kyste colloïde obstructif du troisième ventricule est une tumeur bénigne rare et constitue une urgence neurochirurgicale. Il peut être à l’origine du syndrome d’hypertension intracrânienne ou de mort subite en cas d’obstruction des foramens de Monro. Les auteurs rapportent un cas de kyste colloïde obstructif du troisième ventricule découvert dans un tableau d’hypertension intracrânienne

Mucocèle appendiculaire : A propos de deux observations: Appendicular mucocele: About two observations

The appendix mucocele is a rare pathology, which poses a double problem by its potential malignancy and the risk of peritoneal pseudo-myxoma in case of perforation. The authors report two cases of appendix mucocele in a 61-year-old man and a 58-year-old woman. We found incidentally in imaging an asymptomatic right renal tumor in one observation. La mucocèle appendiculaire est une pathologie rare, qui pose un double problème par sa malignité potentielle et le risque de pseudo-myxome péritonéal en cas de perforation. Les auteurs rapportent deux cas de mucocèle appendiculaire chez un homme de 61 ans et une femme de 58 ans. Il a été retrouvé de manière fortuite en imagerie une tumeur asymptomatique du rein droit dans une observation

Prevalence and awareness of diabetes in Guinea: findings from a WHO STEPS

Aims: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of diabetes, and to assess its awareness and related risk factors among adult Guineans.Methods: A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted on 1 100  adults (46.6% women) aged 35–64 years from Lower Guinea, during September to December 2009, using the WHO STEPwise approach of surveillance of chronic  disease risk factors. Data were collected in three steps: demographic and  behavioural risk factors, blood pressure and anthropometric measurements, and fasting blood cholesterol and glucose testing. A multi-stage cluster sample design was applied to generate nationwide representative data.Results: The mean age of all participants was 47.3 years (SD 8.8), similarly in  Conakry, rural Lower Guinea and urban Lower Guinea. The prevalence of diabetes was 5.7% (95% CI 4.0–8.1). Among participants with diabetes, only 44.0% were aware of their status. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, determinants of diabetes prevalence were urban residency, male sex, age group 45–64 years, increased waist circumference, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. Male sex, rural residency, age group 45–54 years, no formal education, waist circumference, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia were independent predictors of screen-detected diabetes.Conclusion: The present study found a high prevalence and low awareness of  diabetes, suggesting the need for appropriate actions to strengthen primary  healthcare approaches towards non-communicable diseases in Guinea.Keywords: Diabetes, epidemiology, Guine