Coherent X-radiation along the velocity of a relativistic electron in a bounded periodic multilayer medium

In the present work a theory of the coherent X-radiation generated by the relativistic electron crossing an artificial periodic layered structure in Laue scattering geometry is built The expressions are derived for spectral-angular distribution of the radiation in direction of the particle velocity. The comparative analysis of the spectral-angular density of the radiation is carried out for an artificial periodic structure and a single crystal in similar conditions. It is shown, that the spectral peak of the parametric X-radiation in the artificial periodic layered structure in the forward direction (FPXR) will be considerably wider than the one in a single crystal target which can make its experimental detection and investigation appreciably easieryesBelgorod State Universit

Diffracted transition radiation of a relativistic electron in the artificial periodic multilayer medium

A theory of coherent X-ray radiation of a relativistic electron crossing the artificial periodic medium in the Laue scattering geometry is constructed. The expressions describing the spectral and angular characteristics of radiation in the direction of Bragg scattering are obtained and investigated. By analogy with the radiation emission in a crystalline medium this radiation is considered as the result of coherent summation of the contributions of two radiation mechanisms: parametric (PXR) and diffracted transition (DTR). It is shown that the yield of DTR from layered target can be more than one order higher than the yield in single crystal radiator, under similar conditions. The manifestations of the Borrmann effect for DTR in the artificial multilayer environment are demonstrated for a Laue scattering geometryyesBelgorod State Universit

Coherent X-ray radiation generated by a relativistic electron in an artificial periodic structure

A theory of coherent X-ray radiation from a relativistic electron crossing an artificial periodic layered structure in the Laue scattering geometry is constructed. The expressions describing the spectral-angular radiation parameters are obtainedyesBelgorod State Universit

Shibusawa Eiichi\u27s View of Japan\u27s Foreign Affairs: Focusing on His Influences on the Meiji Government

From the mid-nineteenth century, Asia, including China and Japan, has been involved in the trend of modernization that was triggered by the activities of European and American powers in this area. In a time of drastic changes, Shibusawa Eiichi (1840-1931) assumed several roles successively: he served as retainer during the bakumatsu period, as official in the Meiji government, and afterwards as businessman, philanthropist, and non-official diplomat. During his service in the Meiji government from 1869 to 1873 and as an entrepreneur from 1873 to 1909, Shibusawa played a key role in devising economic and diplomatic policies for the Meiji government. He is even considered a major designer of modem Japanese economic systems and society. This paper examines Shibusawa Eiichi\u27s view of Japan\u27s foreign affairs and focuses on the way he influenced the Meiji government

Research of the marketing instruments of adoption of management decisions in the field of planning and business development

The analysis of the elements, included in the digital marketing complex, has been сonducted. One of the most popular marketing tools – digital funnel of sales has been considered. As key components of a funnel of sales, search optimization, which is necessary for advance of the website with its subsequent raising in search rating and also web analytics as the tools of the analysis of statistical data on visit of the website by users, directed to optimization of work of a resource and increase in sales volume, have been allocated

Дифференциация работников по характеру неустойчивости их занятости

Предложен подход к выделению типологических групп работников среди различных категорий занятых (формальных наемных, неформальных наемных, самозанятых). Основание для построения типологии — характер неустойчивости занятости, под которым понимаются условия занятости, имеющие для работника негативные последствия (неблагоприятно сказывающиеся на социальном и материальном статусе, повышающие нестабильность и не позволяющие сохранять гарантии занятости) и носящие вынужденный, недобровольный характер. На основе эмпирических данных Российского мониторинга экономического положения и здоровья населения НИУ ВШЭ формируются классификационные признаки для выделения типологических групп. Первый из них — уровень неустойчивости занятости (определяется как наличие или отсутствие признаков неустойчивости), второй — наличие / отсутствие желания найти новую работу — трактуемый как косвенный индикатор субъективного восприятия условий работы в качестве вынужденных / добровольных. На основе сочетания значений этих признаков выделяются четыре типологические группы: "устойчивые довольные", "устойчивые недовольные", "неустойчивые довольные", "неустойчивые недовольные". На основе сравнительного анализа таких типологических групп, выделенных для формальных наемных, неформальных наемных и самозанятых, демонстрируется специфика отличий между ними по уровню зарплаты, субъективному благополучию, самооценкам социального статуса, социальному оптимизму и др. Представленные результаты подтверждают необходимость углубленного изучения дифференциации работников по характеру неустойчивости их занятости

THEORETICAL BASES OF MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

In the article it is shown that the most limited type of resources during creation of innovative production in domestic engineering industry are financial resources. Economic efficiency of innovative activity directly depends on nature of their formation and distribution. The algorithm of formation and distribution of the budgetary and extrabudgetary financial resources of the enterprise of mechanical engineering in the course of implementation of the innovative program is considered

THEORETICAL BASES OF MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

In the article it is shown that the most limited type of resources during creation of innovative production in domestic engineering industry are financial resources. Economic efficiency of innovative activity directly depends on nature of their formation and distribution. The algorithm of formation and distribution of the budgetary and extrabudgetary financial resources of the enterprise of mechanical engineering in the course of implementation of the innovative program is considered

Coercion, Violation of Privacy and Everyday Difficulties as the Cause of Patient Refusal Treatment in Psychiatric Hospitals in Russia

Treatment in a psychiatric hospital is accompanied by a restriction of independence, violation of privacy, coercion, which causes displeasure of patients. The aim of the study was to verify the scale of everyday problems, violations of privacy and coercion in a psychiatric hospital to develop recommendations for the organization of a therapeutic environment. The study included 191 patients in a psychiatric hospital. Anonymous questionnaire was used. Statistical processing of the database was carried out by nonparametric methods. The majority of patients (67%) estimated the conditions of stay in a psychiatric hospital at 7-10 points (10-point scale), but half of them complained about the need for self-purchase of drugs. A full night's sleep was disturbed by the snoring of others (56.5%), an uncomfortable bed (36.6%), bright light (26.2%). The poor diet was indicated by 45.5% of patients. Patients indicated coercion by medical staff: retention (11.5%), forced administration of drugs (12%), coercion to consent to treatment (22%), refusal to discharge from hospital (35.1%). It was reported that there was a violation of privacy in the toilet (36.6%), difficulties to observe the intimate hygiene (16.8%). These problems caused patients to refuse inpatient treatment if there was the possibility of outpatient treatment (65.2% of men and 52.6% of women). Despite the low level of claims of patients to living conditions, it is important to respect their rights in psychiatric hospitals to privacy, creating a comfortable living space, the organization of differentiated methods of observation by medical staff

Public health and public health services: lectures-presentations, computer tests and practical skills

ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЕ ЗДОРОВЬЕОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯУЧЕБНЫЕ ПОСОБИЯРассматриваются современные вопросы общественного здоровья и здравоохранения как науки и предмета преподавания