6 research outputs found
Identification of the effectiveness of associative rhizobacteria in spring wheat cultivation
Received: January 31st, 2021 ; Accepted: October 5th, 2021 ; Published: October 19th, 2021 ; Correspondence: [email protected] maximum increase in wheat yield (by 67% to the control), associated with a decrease
in the root rot development by 19%, an increase in the productive bushiness by 18%, the spike
weight by 26%, in the grains number per spike by 8% was noted when using the Bacillus subtilis
strain 124-11; the strain effect on leaf diseases was insignificant (2–5%). The plants differed in
the maximum changes (to control) in the total bushiness by 59%, the plants vegetative part weight
by 27%, the flag leaf area by 21%, the pre-flag leaf area by 28%, the roots numbers and weight
by 20% and 62%. After plants treatments with the Pseudomonas fluorescens strain SPB2137, the
wheat maturation period was reduced by 9% (to the control), wheat yield increased by 58% due
to a decrease in the development of root rot and septoria by 18%, the yellow rust pustules area by
44%; the productive bushiness and plant height increased by 25% and 19%, the plant vegetative
weight by 21%, the spike length by 4%. The most expressed protective and growth-stimulating
effect was shown by the Sphingomonas sp. K1B, which caused a maximum decrease (to the
control) in the root rot and yellow rust development by 22% and 7%, the strips length by 22%,
the pustules number in the strip by 29%, brown rust by 10%, septoria by 11%. Wheat plants were
characterized by a large number and length of roots by 17% and 13%, root weight by 49%, a
maximum increase in the nodal roots number and length by 15% and 17%; total bushiness by
34.5%; a maximum increase in plant vegetative weight by 37%; the spike length by 3%
The biological basis for the use of protein growth stimulant made from cattle split for wheat foliar feeding and disease suppression
The new modern preparation – protein growth stimulant – was generated in
accordance with technology of employees of Saint-Petersburg ITMO University and SaintPetersburg State Agrarian University. Biological activity of the preparation was determined by
measurements of 20 indicators of the wheat productivity. In addition, 16 indicators of different
types of pathogenesis were determined. These can be formed at distribution of Helminthosporium
root rot, wheat rust species, powdery mildew and wheat leaf blotch. The use of the protein growth
stimulant promoted increase of potential yield in 80% of samples. In comparison with the control,
15 wheat varieties, treated with the preparation, showed an increase in the main productivity
indicators: the length of the spike, the number of spikelets per spike, the weight of 1,000 grains,
the productive tilling capacity and the general bushiness. The intensity of Helminthosporium root
rot development decreased 11.9% (it was found in 53.3% of samples) and the wheat leaf blotch
by 15.6% (in 66.7% of samples). The wheat brown rust development intensity decreased
insignificantly (3.6% compared to the control). In the same time, values of the pathogen pustule
area decreased at average by 79.8%. There was an increase in total nitrogen in wheat leaves at
92% of samples. As was revealed, the effectiveness of the protein growth stimulant largely
depends on the wheat variety. To conclude, the prospect of using the new effective protein growth
stimulant to increase productivity of wheat and protection from diseases was shown
The biological basis for the use of acrylic hydrogel and protein growth stimulant in the soft wheat and triticale cultivation
Received: January 29th, 2021 ; Accepted: November 4th, 2021 ; Published: November 22nd, 2021 ; Correspondence: [email protected] development of technologies for the environmentally friendly biopreparations
production and use including biopreparations based on acrylic hydrogel and protein growth
stimulant, which is obtained by chemical hydrolysis from by-products of slaughtered animals
processing is carried out as part of the optimization of the phytosanitary condition of wheat crops
and creation of favourable agro-ecological conditions for its cultivation. An important feature of
acrylic hydrogel is the ability to retain and release water to plants when needed. At the same time,
protein hydrolysate can provide plants with an additional source of nitrogen which is a component
of plant proteins, chlorophyll and it is necessary for normal growth and development of plants
during the vegetation. The addition of the protein growth stimulant to acrylic hydrogel expands
the potential application of Super Moisture Absorbent (SMA) due to the long-term growthstimulating effect on plants. The acrylic hydrogel and protein growth stimulant were added to the
soil when wheat sowing in the certain concentrations and proportions. Wheat productivity was
studied by the indicators complex, characterized the plants morphological features and the yield
structure. Assessment of the degree of plant affection caused by pathogens was carried out both
according to the generally accepted phytopathological indicator - conditional intensity of
development, and using additional parameters. In the research, it was found that acrylic hydrogel
and protein growth stimulant provide an increase in wheat yield and reduce the pathogens
harmfulness. In combined application, they can be used in agriculture for wheat cultivation as a
low-cost and environmentally friendly soil conditioner
Influence of the structural and functional characteristics of the seeding material on the yield structure elements and resistance to leaf diseases of spring soft wheat
Received: January 25th, 2021 ; Accepted: November 5th, 2021 ; Published: November 15th, 2021 ; Correspondence: [email protected] high-quality grain use when sowing is a necessary condition for obtaining a high
yield. Along with the standard tests regulated by the ISTA (International Seed Testing
Association), there are promising introscopic techniques for the seed material quality
controlling - methods of microfocus radiography and gas discharge visualization
(electrophotography). The effect of structural and functional characteristics of the seeding
material on the wheat productivity and diseases resistance was studied out on the experimental
field of the Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources. Ten accessions of soft
wheat with the ‘parametric passport’ (including more than thirty optical parameters, including
gas discharge images, morpho- and densitometric analysis of X-ray patterns) were used as an
experimental seeding material. Unviable wheat seeds, in comparison with healthy ones, were
characterized mainly by a smaller area, form coefficient, standard deviation of three-dimensional
fractality by isoline, entropy by isoline, higher brightness and standard deviation of the isoline
radius of the gas discharge images. Morpho- and densitometric indices of unviable seeds differed
in reduced values of the circle factor, roundness, minimum and maximum average brightness, but
in greater elongation and optical density of the X-ray patterns projection. The intensity of wheat
affection by diseases has varied depending on the structural and functional characteristics of
seeds. It was noted, that the brown rust development decreased with an increase in the entropy by
isoline, the contour irregularity and the average radius of the isoline
The effectiveness of biopreparations in soft wheat cultivation and the quality assessment of the grain by the digital x-ray imaging
The main trend of modern crop production is the expansion of the use of plant
protection solutions and technologies, that ensure not only effective management of the number
of populations of harmful organisms, but also the production of environmentally safe agricultural
products with minimal anthropogenic impact on agro-ecosystems. One of our priorities is to
develop new environmentally sound polyfunctional biopreparations, that combine useful
properties of microbial strains such as phytopathogen antagonists and chitosan compositions that
increase disease resistance. The introscopic analysis of the seed material quality realized with the
non–destructive express techniques application was used for evaluation the effectiveness of the
compositions' complex influence on plants. The research studies the effectiveness of the influence
of Bacillus subtilis strains and chitosan compositions, including their combined effect, on soft
wheat productivity and its damage by disease agents. Data on the quality assessment of the grain
using microfocus x-ray radiography and gas-discharge visualization (electrophotography) are
also provided. The complex of more than 20 structural elements of wheat productivity was
analysed during the research. Assessment of the plant damage intensity according to the standard
criterion – the disease development, and additional phytopathological indicators was carried out.
The evaluation of the grains’ introscopic characteristics was carried out by the microfocus x-ray
radiography techniques combined with the digital x-ray image analysis. It is shown that the
biopreparation complexes, containing B. subtilis strains and Chitosan, have a combined
biological activity manifested in the optimization of wheat plants’ physiological state, increasing
productivity, diseases resistance