Bio-based Products from Lignocellulosic Waste Biomass: A State of the Art

This review presents data on the chemical composition of harvest residues and food industry by-products as widely abundant representatives of lignocellulosic waste biomass. Pretreatment methods, with special emphasis on biological methods, are presented as an important step in utilization of lignocellulosic waste biomass for the production of sustainable biofuels and high-value chemicals. Special attention was paid to the methods of lignin isolation and its possible utilization within lignocellulosic biorefinery. The objectives of circular bioeconomy and the main aspects of lignocellulosic biorefinery are highlighted. Finally, current data on industrial, pilot, and research and development plants used in Europe for the production of a variety of bio-based products from different feedstocks are presented. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Spontaneous Precipitation in the System Uranyl(2+ )nitrate Potassium Hydroxide - Phosphoric Acid - Water

The precipitation system U02(NOs)2-KOH-H3P04-H20 (at 298 K) aged for 1 day and for 30 days is examined ([U02(NOs)2] = = 1 · 10-a mol dm-3, [KOH] varied from 1 · 10-6 to 6 · 10-1 mol dm-3, [H3P04] from 2 · 10-4 to 6 · 10-1 mol dm-3 and 1.5 <pH< 11.5). The precipitation and phase boundaries are determined. The solid phases U02HP04 · 4 H20(s) and (U02)s(P04)2 · 8 H20 are stable at [KOH] < 1 · 10-3 mol dm-3, 1.5 <pH < 4.0. Uranates precipitate at pH > 9.5. The stability region of KU02P04 · 3 H20(s) is found at high concentrations of KOH and H3P04. X-ray diffraction pattern of this compound is given. According to the precipitation boundary after 30 days (equilibrium conditions) the solubility product of KU02P04 · 3 H20 is determined: log ([K+] · · [U022+] [P043-]) = -- 26.28 (at I =0 mol dm-3)

Identification and Characterization of Alkaline Uranyl(2 +) Phosphates

The spontaneous precipitation in the systems U02(N03)2- -MOH-HaP04--H20 and U02(N03)2-MNOa-H3P04- H20 (M = = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs) is examined. The formation of alkaline- uranyl(2+) phosphates polyhydrates is detected: M[U02P04] · · n H20 (n = 4 for M = Li, n = 3 for M = Na, K, Rb and n = 2.5 for M =Cs). The X-ray powder patterns of these compounds are determined and compared with that of H30[U02P04] · 3 H20. A close structural relation within this series is observed. The size of the alkaline ionic species in the particular compound affects the content of crystalline water in the unit cell

Identification and molecular characterization of Chryseobacterium vrystaatense ST1 isolated from oligomineral water of southeast Serbia

The isolation and molecular characterization of bacterial strains isolated from water sources in the Vlasina Mountain in southeast Serbia, confirmed the presence of a new species Chryseobacterium vrystaatense ST1. This Gram- negative species showed an extremely low level of biochemical reactivity in biochemical tests. The gene for 16S rRNA was amplified by PCR using universal primers and sequenced. Comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequence and phenotypic features indicated that the isolate ST belonged to Chryseobacterium vrystaatense. A BLAST search of sequenced 1088 nucleotides of the 16S rRNA gene with all sequences deposited in the NCBI collection showed the highest similarity (98%) with the strain Chryseobacterium vrystaatense sp. nov., designated as strain R-23533. The very high homology of these two strains allowed classification of our strain at the species level, but some differences indicate, and indirectly confirm, that the isolate ST is an authentic representative. On the basis of these results, we could conclude that Chryseobacterium vrystaatense ST was for first time isolated in Serbia, which is particularly important when one bears in mind that there are only three sequences of this species deposited in the NCBI collection

Preparation and Characterization of Some Sodium-, Rubidium-, Cesium- and Ammonium-Oxodiperoxooxalato-Molybdates (VI) and Tungstates (VI)

Potassium derivatives of oxodiperoxooxalato- molybdates and tungstates: were prepared before1>2 studied by infrared Raman3 and X-ray methods4•5 .The crystal structure of corresponding molybdate with literature survey was published recently4

Helianthus annuus: A new important element of the non-arable and arable flora in Serbia’s region of southern Banat

Four species of the Helianthus genus have been found in the non-arable and arable communities in Vojvodina and Serbia, namely: H. annuus, H. tuberosus, H. decapetalus and H. scaberimus. Studies conducted hitherto have shown that Helianthus annuus has the highest frequency in all weed phytocoenoses examined so far. The spreading of H. decapetalus and H. scaberimus, introduced to Vojvodina from the neighboring Hungary and Romania, has still not assumed alarming proportions in quantitative terms, but a tendency has been observed of their further spreading. It is therefore necessary to monitor and study the trend of their expansion over the coming period.

Parazitski korovi - osnovne karakteristike, taksonomija, biodiverzitet i rasprostranjenje, I - vilina kosica (Cuscuta L.)

The first part of this study provides the basic characteristics of dedder (Cuscuta L.). The most important data concerning the taxonomy, diversity and distribution of Cuscuta are presented. There are eighteen Cuscuta species in Europe, while ten species have been found in the Balkans, including Serbia. Various Cuscuta species are hereby described in detail from the standpoints of taxonomy, biodiversity and chorology. The survey also contains all the relevant data concerning the plants on which certain Cuscuta species live as parasites.Prvi deo ove studije obuhvata prikaz osnovnih karakteristika viline kosice (Cuscuta L.). Dati su najvažniji podaci o taksonomiji, biodiverzitetu i rasprostranjenju vrsta roda Cuscuta. Utvrđeno je da u Evropi egzistira 18 vrsta roda Cuscuta, a 10 na Balkanskom poluostrvu i Srbiji. Detaljno su opisane vrste viline kosice sa taksonomskog, biodiverzitctskog i horološkog stanovišta. Izneti su podaci i o biljkama na kojima parazitiraju pojedine vrste viline kosice

Biološka i ekološka proučavanja korova na području Srbije - razvoj, današnje stanje, perspektive

Weed diversity is highly pronounced in the territory of Serbia. Of a total of 3, 272 registered vascular plant species in Serbia, weeds account for 1,008. Such a wide range of weeds has resulted in a significant diversity of phytocoenological, ecological, anatomical-morphological, physiological and other characteristics of weed plants. The article gives a synthesized review of research into weed plant communities. Further on, some crucial results in ecological and ecophysiological research are presented, such as relating to water and photosynthetic regime, respiration intensity, compensation point, organic production, weed-to-weed and weed-to-cultivated plant relations (competition, allelopathy) and weed resistance to herbicides. Finally, based on a survey of hitherto research and the current status of weed science research, we pointed at possible directions for future biological and ecological weed research in Serbia.U radu je prvo dat sintetski pregled istraživanja korovskih biljnih zajednica. Zatim su pregledno prikazani najhitniji rezultati ekoloških odnosno kofizioloških proučavanja, koja se odnose na vodni i fotosintetski režim, intenzitet disanja, kompezacionu tačku, organsku produkciju, međusobne odnose između korova kao i korova i gajenih biljaka (kompeticija, alelopatija) i rezistentnost korova prema herbicidima. Na kraju je na osnovu rezimea dosadašnjih istraživanja i stanja u herbologiji danas, ukazano na pravce budućih bioloških i ekoloških proučavanja korova

Parameter estimation in nonlinearly parameterized systems

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-89).by Aleksandar M. Kojić.S.M