The effects of acute hyperinsulinemia on bone metabolism

Peer reviewe

Plasma concentrations of molecular lipid species predict long-term clinical outcome in coronary artery disease patients

We investigated the associations of ten previously identified high risk molecular lipid species and three ceramide ratios with the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) during a median follow-up of 4.7 years in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Between 2008 and 2011, 581 patients underwent diagnostic coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention for stable angina pectoris (SAP) or acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Blood was drawn prior to the index procedure and lipid species were determined. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of a MACE, comprising all-cause mortality, nonfatal ACS, or unplanned coronary revascularization. The secondary endpoint comprised all-cause mortality or nonfatal ACS. During a median follow-up of 4.7 [IQR: 4.2-5.6] years, 155 patients (27%) had MACEs. In multivariable analyses, Cer(d18:1/16:0) concentration was associated with MACEs (hazard ratio 2.32; 95% CI [1.09-4.96] per natural logarithm (ln) (pmol/ml) P = 0.

Differential Mobility Spectrometry-Driven Shotgun Lipidomics

The analysis of lipids by mass spectrometry (MS) can provide in-depth characterization for many forms of biological samples. However, such workflows can also be hampered by challenges like low chromatographic resolution for lipid separations and the convolution of mass spectra from isomeric and isobaric species. To address these issues, we describe the use of differential mobility spectrometry (DMS) as a rapid and predictable separation technique within a shotgun lipidomics workflow, with a special focus on phospholipids (PLs). These analytes, ionized by electrospray ionization (ESI), are filtered using DMS prior to MS analysis. The observed separation (measured in terms of DMS compensation voltage) is affected by several factors, including the <i>m</i>/<i>z</i> of the lipid ion, the structure of an individual ion, and the presence of chemical modifiers in the DMS cell. Such DMS separations can simplify the analysis of complex extracts in a robust and reproducible manner, independent of utilized MS instrumentation. The predictable separation achieved with DMS can facilitate correct lipid assignments among many isobaric and isomeric species independent of the resolution settings of the MS analysis. This leads to highly comprehensive and quantitative lipidomic outputs through rapid profiling analyses, such as Q1 and MRM scans. The ultimate benefit of the DMS separation in this unique shotgun lipidomics workflow is its ability to separate many isobaric and isomeric lipids that by standard shotgun lipidomics workflows are difficult to assess precisely, for example, ether and diacyl species and phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SM) lipids