HT Cas - eclipsing dwarf nova during its superoutburst in 2010

We present results of a world-wide observing campaign of the eclipsing dwarf nova - HT Cas during its superoutburst in November 2010. Using collected data we were able to conduct analysis of the light curves and we calculated $O-C$ diagrams. The CCD photometric observations enabled us to derive the superhump period and with the timings of eclipses the orbital period was calculated. Based on superhump and orbital period estimations the period excess and mass ratio of the system were obtained

IX Draconis - a curious ER UMa-type dwarf nova

We report results of an extensive world-wide observing campaign devoted to a very active dwarf nova star - IX Draconis. We investigated photometric behaviour of the system to derive its basic outburst properties and understand peculiarities of IX Dra as well as other active cataclysmic variables, in particular dwarf novae of the ER Uma-type. In order to measure fundamental parameters of the system, we carried out analyses of the light curve, O-C diagram, and power spectra. During over two months of observations we detected two superoutbursts and several normal outbursts. The V magnitude of the star varied in the range 14.6 - 18.2 mag. Superoutbursts occur regularly with the supercycle length of 58.5+/-0.5 d. When analysing data over the past 20 years, we found that the supercycle length is increasing at a rate of P_dot = 1.8 * 10^{-3}. Normal outbursts appear to be irregular, with typical occurrence times in the range 3.1 - 4.1 d. We detected a double-peaked structure of superhumps during superoutburst, with the secondary maximum becoming dominant near the end of the superoutburst. The mean superhump period observed during superoutbursts equals 0.066982(36) d, which is constant over the last two decades of observations. Based on the power spectrum analysis, the evaluation of the orbital period was problematic. We found two possible values: the first one, 0.06641(3) d, which is in agreement with previous studies and our O-C analysis (0.06646(2) d), and the second one, 0.06482(3) d, which is less likely. The evolutionary status of the object depends dramatically on the choice between these two values. A spectroscopic determination of the orbital period is needed. We updated available information on ER UMa-type stars and present a new set of their basic statistics. Thereby, we provide evidence that this class of stars is not uniform.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 15 pages, 15 figures, 6 tables; typo correcte

MN Draconis - peculiar, active dwarf nova in the period gap

Context: We present results of an extensive world-wide observing campaign of MN Draconis. Aims: MN Draconis is a poorly known active dwarf nova in the period gap and is one of the only two known cases of period gap SU UMa objects showing the negative superhumps. Photometric behaviour of MN Draconis poses a challenge for existing models of the superhump and superoutburst mechanisms. Therefore, thorough investigation of peculiar systems, such as MN Draconis, is crucial for our understanding of evolution of the close binary stars. Methods: To measure fundamental parameters of the system, we collected photometric data in October 2009, June-September 2013 and June-December 2015. Analysis of the light curves, $O-C$ diagrams and power spectra was carried out. Results: During our three observational seasons we detected four superoutburts and several normal outbursts. Based on the two consecutive superoutbursts detected in 2015, the supercycle length was derived P_sc = 74 +/- 0.5 days and it has been increasing with a rate of P_dot = 3.3 x 10^(-3) during last twelve years. Based on the positive and negative superhumps we calculated the period excess epsilon = 5.6% +/- 0.1%, the period deficit epsilon_ = 2.5% +/- 0.6%, and in result, the orbital period P_orb = 0.0994(1) days (143.126 +/- 0.144 min). We updated the basic light curve parameters of MN Draconis. Conclusions: MN Draconis is the first discovered SU UMa system in the period gap with increasing supercycle length.Comment: 14 pages, 20 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysic

An anisotropic distribution of spin vectors in asteroid families

Current amount of ~500 asteroid models derived from the disk-integrated photometry by the lightcurve inversion method allows us to study not only the spin-vector properties of the whole population of MBAs, but also of several individual collisional families. We create a data set of 152 asteroids that were identified by the HCM method as members of ten collisional families, among them are 31 newly derived unique models and 24 new models with well-constrained pole-ecliptic latitudes of the spin axes. The remaining models are adopted from the DAMIT database or the literature. We revise the preliminary family membership identification by the HCM method according to several additional criteria - taxonomic type, color, albedo, maximum Yarkovsky semi-major axis drift and the consistency with the size-frequency distribution of each family, and consequently we remove interlopers. We then present the spin-vector distributions for eight asteroidal families. We use a combined orbital- and spin-evolution model to explain the observed spin-vector properties of objects among collisional families. In general, we observe for studied families similar trends in the (a_p, \beta) space: (i) larger asteroids are situated in the proximity of the center of the family; (ii) asteroids with \beta>0{\deg} are usually found to the right from the family center; (iii) on the other hand, asteroids with \beta<0{\deg} to the left from the center; (iv) majority of asteroids have large pole-ecliptic latitudes (|\beta|\gtrsim 30{\deg}); and finally (v) some families have a statistically significant excess of asteroids with \beta>0{\deg} or \beta<0{\deg}. Our numerical simulation of the long-term evolution of a collisional family is capable of reproducing well the observed spin-vector properties. Using this simulation, we also independently constrain the age of families Flora (1.0\pm0.5 Gyr) and Koronis (2.5-4 Gyr).Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A (September 16, 2013

Observation of the first gravitational microlensing event in a sparse stellar field : the Tago event

We report the observation of the first gravitational microlensing event in a sparse stellar field, involving the brightest (V=11.4 mag) andclosest (~ 1 kpc) source star to date. This event was discovered by an amateurastronomer, A. Tago, on 2006 October 31 as a transient brightening, by ~4.5 mag during a ~15 day period, of a normal A-type star (GSC 3656-1328) in the Cassiopeia constellation. Analysis of both spectroscopic observations and the light curve indicates that this event was caused by gravitational microlensing rather than an intrinsically variable star. Discovery of this single event over a 30 year period is roughly consistent with the expected microlensing rate for the whole sky down to V = 12 mag stars. However, the probability for finding events with such a high magnification (~ 50) is much smaller, by a factor ~1/50, which implies that the true event rate may be higher than expected. This discovery indicates the potential of all sky variability surveys, employing frequent sampling by telescopes with small apertures and wide fields of view, for finding such rare transient events, and using the observations to explore galactic disk structure and search for exo-planets.Comment: 13 pages, 2 tables, 3 figures, accepted by Ap

Episodic Star Formation Coupled to Reignition of Radio Activity in 3C 236

We present Hubble Space Telescope UV and optical imaging of the radio galaxy 3C 236, whose relic 4 Mpc radio jet lobes and inner 2 kpc CSS radio source are evidence of multiple epochs of AGN activity. Our data confirm the presence of four bright knots of FUV emission in an arc along the edge of the inner circumnuclear dust disk in the galaxy's nucleus, as well as FUV emission cospatial with the nucleus itself. We interpret these to be sites of recent or ongoing star formation. We present photometry of these knots, as well as an estimate for the internal extinction in the source using the Balmer decrement from SDSS spectroscopy. We estimate the ages of the knots by comparing our extinction-corrected photometry with stellar population synthesis models. We find the four knots cospatial with the dusty disk to be young, of order 10^7 yr old. The FUV emission in the nucleus is likely due to an episode of star formation triggered ~10^9 yr ago. We argue that the young 10^7 yr old knots stem from an episode of star formation that was roughly coeval with the event resulting in reignition of radio activity, creating the CSS source. The 10^9 yr old stars in the nucleus may be associated with the previous epoch of activity that generated the 4 Mpc relic source, before it was cut off by exhaustion or interruption. The ages of the knots, considered in context with the disturbed morphology of the nuclear dust and the double-double morphology of the "old" and "young" radio sources, present evidence for an episodic AGN/starburst connection. We suggest that the AGN fuel supply was interrupted for ~10^7 yr due to a minor merger event and has now been restored, and the resultant non-steady flow of gas toward the nucleus is likely responsible for both the new episode of infall-induced star formation and also the multiple epochs of radio activity.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ

HST images of B2 radio galaxies: a link between circum-nuclear dust and radio properties?

Almost 60% of the B2 low luminosity radio galaxies have been observed with the Hubble Space Telescope. We present an analysis of the dust features, which are often present in the form of circum-nuclear disks or lanes, and show that there are correlations between radio source and dust properties. It is found that nearby radio sources in which a jet has been detected tend to have dust more often than sources without jets; the dust is often in the form of disks or lanes. Moreover the radio jets are close to perpendicular to the disk or lane in the weaker radio sources (with P < 10^{24} W/Hz). In stronger sources the orientation effect appears to be weak or even absent. Also the dust masses found in the weaker radio sources are smaller than in the stronger ones (log M/M_sun ~ 3 against 5 respectively). More generally it appears that there is a correlation between dust mass and total radio power (for those sources in which dust has been detected); we show that this correlation is not induced by redshift.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, 10 pages, 12 figure