2,262 research outputs found
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Ah in Spanish conversation to mark the receipt of new information
The sequential organization of speakership and receivership has been mostly investigated in English. This paper presents some preliminary findings of the work which is accomplished by the particle "ah" in naturally-occurring conversation in Spanish. While in some places this particle compares with other, more established research findings on acknowledgment tokens conducted in English, most notably those of Heritage and the conversational particle "oh" (Heritage 1984,1998), the Spanish "ah" is roughly comparable not only in terms of how it is distributed sequentially within conversation but also in terms of its function as a change-of-state particle. Ultimately, this study aims at exploring the potential universality of conversation analytic claims across different languages and to test whether observations gleamed from English conversation hold in languages other than English. The primary focus of the present work, then, is to establish a comparison between the English particle "oh" and the Spanish "ah" not only in terms of distribution in talk but also in terms of its interactional function within specific naturally-occurring environments which it occursForeign Language Educatio
Symmetry breaking and friction in few layer phosphorene
National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowshi
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Scabies: Application of the Novel Identify-Isolate-Inform Tool for Detection and Management
Scabies is a highly contagious, globally prevalent, parasitic skin infestation caused by Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis, also known as the itch mite. There have been outbreaks not only in the developing world, but also in the developed world among refugees and asylum seekers. Once infested with scabies mites, symptomatic patients, as well as asymptomatic carriers, quickly spread the disease through direct skin-to-skin contact. Typically, symptoms of scabies are characterized by an erythematous, papular, pruritic rash associated with burrows. Treatment of scabies involves using topical or systemic scabicides and treating secondary bacterial infections, if present. Given the prevalence and contagiousness of scabies, measures to prevent its spread are essential. Through application of the novel Identify-Isolate-Inform (3I) Tool, emergency medical providers can readily identify risk factors for exposure and important symptoms of the disease, thus limiting its spread through prompt scabicide therapy; isolate the patient until after treatment; and inform local public health authorities and hospital infection prevention, when appropriate. Ultimately, these three actions can aid public health in controlling the transmission of scabies cases, thus ensuring the protection of the general public from this highly contagious skin infestation
Biophysical mechanisms of lymphocyte adhesion to activated vascular endothelium
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard--Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 219-232).by Gerald C. Koenig.Ph.D
Quasinormal Modes of Optical Solitons
Quasinormal modes (QNMs) are essential for understanding the stability and
resonances of open systems, with increasing prominence in black hole physics.
We present here the first study of QNMs of optical potentials. We show that
solitons can support QNMs, deriving a soliton perturbation equation and giving
exact analytical expressions for the QNMs of fiber solitons. We discuss the
boundary conditions in this intrinsically dispersive system and identify novel
signatures of dispersion. From here, we discover a new analogy with
astrophysical black holes and describe a regime in which the soliton is a
robust black hole simulator for light-ring phenomena. Our results invite a
range of applications, from the description of optical pulse propagation with
QNMs to the use of state-of-the-art technology from fiber optics to address
questions in black hole physics, such as QNM spectral instabilities and the
role of nonlinearities in ringdown.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Reflections on Developing a Campus-Wide Workshop Series on Contemplative Practice and Social Justice
Contemplative practices have been increasingly used in higher education to enhance student well-being and academic success. More recently, educators, activists, and researchers are exploring how contemplative practices and perspectives may support promotion of social justice on and outside college campuses. In this reflection, we share the development, execution, and evaluation of a campus-wide workshop series held at San Francisco State University (SFSU). The series promoted reflection and discussion on the relationship between contemplative practice and social justice to improve campus climate, enhance well-being of campus members, and promote student success
Safe Risk-averse Bayesian Optimization for Controller Tuning
Controller tuning and parameter optimization are crucial in system design to
improve both the controller and underlying system performance. Bayesian
optimization has been established as an efficient model-free method for
controller tuning and adaptation. Standard methods, however, are not enough for
high-precision systems to be robust with respect to unknown input-dependent
noise and stable under safety constraints. In this work, we present a novel
data-driven approach, RaGoOSE, for safe controller tuning in the presence of
heteroscedastic noise, combining safe learning with risk-averse Bayesian
optimization. We demonstrate the method for synthetic benchmark and compare its
performance to established BO-based tuning methods. We further evaluate RaGoOSE
performance on a real precision-motion system utilized in semiconductor
industry applications and compare it to the built-in auto-tuning routine
Ghost Images in Helioseismic Holography? Toy Models in a Uniform Medium
Helioseismic holography is a powerful technique used to probe the solar
interior based on estimations of the 3D wavefield. Porter--Bojarski holography,
which is a well-established method used in acoustics to recover sources and
scatterers in 3D, is also an estimation of the wavefield, and hence it has the
potential to be applied to helioseismology. Here we present a proof of concept
study, where we compare helioseismic holography and Porter--Bojarski holography
under the assumption that the waves propagate in a homogeneous medium. We
consider the problem of locating a point source of wave excitation inside a
sphere. Under these assumptions, we find that the two imaging methods have the
same capability of locating the source, with the exception that helioseismic
holography suffers from "ghost images" (i.e., artificial peaks away from the
source location). We conclude that Porter--Bojarski holography may improve the
current method used in helioseismology.Comment: 17 pages, 8 figure
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Evidence for unusual spatial location coding in Williams syndrome: An explanation for the local bias in visuo-spatial construction tasks?
Individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) display poor visuo-spatial cognition relative to verbal abilities. Furthermore, whilst perceptual abilities are delayed, visuo-spatial construction abilities are comparatively even weaker, and are characterised by a local bias. We investigated whether this differentiation in visuo-spatial abilities can be explained by a deficit in coding spatial location in WS. This can be measured by assessing participants? understanding of the spatial relations between objects within a visual scene. Coordinate and categorical spatial relations were investigated independently in four participant groups: 21 individuals with WS; 21 typically developing (TD) children matched for non-verbal ability; 20 typically developing controls of a lower non-verbal ability; and 21 adults. A third task measured understanding of visual colour relations. Results indicated first, that the comprehension of categorical and co-ordinate spatial relations is equally poor in WS. Second, that the comprehension of visual relations is also at an equivalent level to spatial relational understanding in this population. These results can explain the difference in performance on visuo-spatial perception and construction tasks in WS. In addition, both the WS and control groups displayed response biases in the spatial tasks. However, the direction of bias differed across the groups. This finding is explored in relation to current theories of spatial location coding
Art in Rich-Prospect: Evaluating Next-Generation User Interfaces for Cultural Heritage
The present study reports on the user experience (UX) of rich-prospect browsing, an emerging interface design trend for digital cultural heritage. Building on research that suggests online museum collections are used only infrequently by the general public, this study investigates the role of next-generation user interfaces in the design of optimal browsing experiences. Moreover, it describes the results of user testing for three different arts and culture collections that make use of rich-prospect. The study recruited 30 participants of varying ages, nationalities, and museum visiting habits to discuss their museum experiences and test three different applications: Coins, Curator Table, and Museum of the World. The results of the study provide insights into the user experience of a new browsing medium and reveal the information-seeking habits and patterns that occurred within these information environments. Moreover, the study isolated the core features of rich-prospect in order to define opportunities and pain points during the browsing experience and indicated which features in particular are most important to people during the browsing experience. Finally, we suggest some best practices going forward in the design of rich-prospect
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