Health Village and its place in the Health System

Background & Objectives: Health Village is a residential/healthcare place for natural remedies combined with other medical treatments. Health village can be set in different sizes, depending on the amount of investments and the investors’ strategic objectives. In fact, a complete health village can cover all aspects of health and meet all the health needs of a community. Methods: In this review study, Persian and English articles indexed in valid databases such as Google Scholar, SID, Pubmed, Irandoc Science direct and Scopus were searched using the MESH terms of “ Health village” and “Health resort” without time limitation. Results: Providing health services in natural areas and away from urban pollution can restore the health and well-being and also can cause psychological and physical relaxation not only in patients but also in those who are interested in living in places with services such as water therapy, herbal therapy, gravel treatments, mud therapy, and other services. Conclusion: The effort to create environments such as the health village, due to the potential of such centers in providing high levels of physical and psychological comfort for audiences, can be considered as a beneficial local business. Therefore, the health village is an environment that can contribute to the social and economic development while serving the health of the community. Key­words: Medical Tourism, Health village, Health system Citation: Kochak Yazdi S, Asadi A, Ghorbani Nia R. Health Village and its place in the Health System. Journal of Health Based Research 2019; 5(1): 57 -71 . [In Persian

Explaining the Structural Model of Social Anxiety Based on Early Maladaptive Schemas and Family Performance

Background: The purpose of study was to determine the mediation role of early maladaptive schemas in the relationship between family performance and social anxiety features of students.Materials and Methods: This study utilized a descriptive correlational design and statistical population of this study was included of all students of Marivan city, with the quantity of 4134 in 2016-2017, through them by an available sampling, 400 students were selected. Research tools were family assessment device by Epstein et al (1983), schema questionnaire- short form by Young (1990), social anxiety by Connor et al (2000).Results: Results showed that early maladaptive schemas mediate the relationship between family performances and social anxiety features (β=0.52, p=0.001).Conclusion: Since parental behaviors is one of the most important affecting factors on early maladaptive schemas and formulation of social anxiety features subsequently; Therefore it is necessary for the prevention and treatment of social anxiety disorder pay special attention to the parent’s behaviors and early maladaptive schemas

The Structure of Language in Vernacular Architecture

The creation of a work in architecture can be compared with grammar considering the structure and constituent elements of the speech language including the phoneme, notion and its disciplinary principles. Syntagmatic and paradigmatic are considered as two fundamental principles of the speech by providing several signification messages to form daily conversation and to create a work or offer a mot message by various innovation. The creation of a work can be found in two different structure including form and pattern language. Form language includes visual elements which organize the form of a work while pattern language constitutes the signification to order visual elements toward designer’s thought. The present study considers the natural structural language and its components and then compares the findings with pattern language according to various structures to form a vernacular architecture for a house including form language and pattern language. Form language considers how to make a work and its components due to differences in environmental conditions and pattern language represents the codes of message subject to values, goals, customs and tradition of society that are altered based on the presence of human beings in space and his thoughtful manipulation in nature

UTILIZAÇÃO DAS IMUNOGLOBULINAS E DA β2-MICROGLOBULINA COMO MARCADORES TUMORAIS

O câncer é um dos principais problemas de saúde pública. Responsável por cerca de 12% das mortes em todo o mundo, é uma doença que ainda precisa ser muito estudada para que o tratamento e a cura sejam cada vez mais viáveis. Para a detecção precoce existem os marcadores tumorais, que são indicadores da presença de câncer através do seu aparecimento ou até mesmo a alteração em suas concentrações estão relacionados com células neoplásicas. As imunoglobulinas são um exemplo de marcadores moleculares, devido à sua capacidade de reconhecer, neutralizar e memorizar antígenos para que estes sejam eliminados do organismo pelos macrófagos. A β2-microglobulina (β2M) é uma glicoproteína de baixo peso molecular está presente em todas as células nucleadas e que envolvem a defesa contra microrganismos. Para a realização deste artigo foram utilizados artigos científicos entre as datas de 1986 a 2016, utilizando os seguintes termos: “imunoglobulina” “câncer” “marcadores tumorais” e “β2-microglobulina” nas ferramentas de pesquisa online e duas teses de doutorado e trabalhos de conclusão de curso. As imunoglobulinas são produzidas ao reconhecer os antígenos da superfície da célula tumoral e induzem a formação de poros na membrana desta célula através da ativação do sistema complemento. Os MHC de classe I são compostos por uma membrana glicoproteica designada de α e uma proteína não covalente associada chamada de β2-microglobulina. O que algumas células tumorais fazem para escapar desse mecanismo de defesa é alterar a transdução de sinal nas células T, ou seja, modificar o sinal de comunicação nas células T. Por isso e é possível dizer o porquê alguns pacientes têm uma recidiva de um tumor maior, mais agressivo e mortal. As imunoglobulinas são importantes marcadores, visto que pode existir um aumento das mesmas no plasma de um paciente cancerígeno. A β2-microglobulina é essencial durante o processo de apresentação da célula cancerígena/antígeno para as células CD8+ T, pois sem ela, seja por mutação ou deleção dos genes que a codificam, a sua identificação pelo sistema imunológico fica em déficit, gerando um câncer mais resistente. Palavras-chave: Imunoglobulina. β2-microglobulina. Marcadores Tumorais. Câncer

The Use of Cumulative Disciplinary Score in an Integrated Curriculum to Prevent Deliberate Omission of Course Content

Background & Objective: Student assessment is one of the most challenging issues of an integrated curriculum. While calculating an overall score is in line with the goals of integrated curriculum, it poses the risk that some students will deliberately leave out the content of some disciplines, based on the fact that they have lower credits in each block exam. In the present study, we describe the experience of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran, where an integrated medical curriculum has been launched since September 2011 as part of curriculum reform initiative. Methods: In the first academic year, students passed 4 blocks: Molecule and Cell; Tissue; Development and Function; Cardiovascular Function; Blood circulation; and Blood-Respiratory Function. Each block included anatomy, histology, physiology, and embryology. The overall block score was reported at the end of each block. In addition, a cumulative disciplinary score was calculated at the end of the academic year through the summation of the weighted subscores of each discipline in each block. Results: At the end of the year, the number of students who had failed in histology, anatomy, embryology, and physiology were 15, 17, 44, and 3, respectively. They were required to take a disciplinary examination before the beginning of the next academic year. Conclusion: A comparison of the number of students who failed disciplines with low credits (e.g. histology) with those who failed disciplines with high credits (e.g. physiology) suggests that the former had systematically been ignored by some students. The calculation of a cumulative disciplinary score may reduce the deliberate omission of course content in integrated blocks. Key Words: Integration, Student assessment, Cumulative disciplinary scor

Machine Learning-based Intrusion Detection Under Adversarial Influence: Application to MAC Spoofing Detection in IoT Networks

Internet of things (IoT) has brought a greater prevalence of smart objects with higher connectivity between them. Today, there are millions of such smart devices controlling critical infrastructures, such as nuclear power plants, and have brought a new form of comfort to our home through smart appliances. As such, IoT devices have become valuable targets for (potentially state-sponsored) adversaries that are most often after cyberattacks with physical ramifications. Taking over a trusted nodes identity (also known as identity spoofing) in an IoT network can enable more sophisticated multi-tier attacks against other nodes/resources in the same network. Thus, detecting identity spoofing attacks must be part of any sound defensive measure when protecting IoT networks. Several learning-based detection schemes have been proposed in the literature that attempt to detect identity attacks (i.e., MAC Spoofing) in wireless networks. However, the proposed learning-based methods are highly susceptible to adversarial evasion attacks - one of the main theme studied in this manuscript - and a sophisticated adversary could circumvent detection by identifying "blind spots" in the learning algorithms of proposed approaches. In this dissertation, we have extensively studied the use of randomization (another major theme) both from defensive and offensive perspectives to add robustness to existing learning-based MAC spoofing detection methods. Specifically, we have proposed a randomization scheme that can be added to the existing learning-based detection approaches to increase the uncertainty of the adversary in the search of finding an optimal evasion strategy. Moreover, we have also proposed an adversarial search approach based on active learning that an adversary could use to mount an optimal evasion attack against detection classifiers that utilize randomization. Finally, we have proposed a novel multi-model MAC spoofing detection system based on deep autoencoders, which have been specifically designed and tested for IoT networks deployed in adversarial settings by taking into account environmental variabilities induced by moving objects

Designing nursing homes using sense of attachment to place approach

Aging refers to a normal, natural and changing process that causes inabilities and specific needs in the elderly. Many of the elderly believe that environmental factors contribute to these problems. One of the most significant indicators that link humans with the environment is the sense of attachment to a place that has a determining role in the direction of the human’s continued presence in the place. In this regard, considering the selected approach, theories of the sense of attachment to place and factors creating it in traditional houses were examined. Then, domestic and foreign cases based on the approach were investigated. In the end, after presenting to nursing homes, distributing the questionnaires via random blocking of the city of Tehran, and distributing and gathering 120 questionnaires, the results were analyzed by the SPSS software. Later, the Ozgol region of Tehran was referred to, and the appropriate site to construct the nursing home was selected, considering matrices and assessments for the site location. Finally, a review of guidelines and standards set out by the Ministry of Health and Rehabilitation Organization led to the determination of per capita and design standards required for the elderly.&nbsp