Soil organic matter mineralization under different temperatures and moisture conditions in Kızıldağ Plateau, Turkey

Drought by climate change in East Mediterranean Region will change soil temperature and moisture that lead to alter the cycling of biological elements like carbon and nitrogen. However, there are few studies that show how sensitivity of soil organic matter mineralization to temperature and/or moisture can be modified by changes in these parameters. In order to study how these changes in temperature and moisture affect soil carbon and nitrogen mineralization, a laboratory experiment was carried out in two depths (0-5 and 5-15 cm) of soils of Onobrychis beata and Trifolium speciosum being common annual plants in Turkey that was taken from Kızıldag Plataeu (Adana city). Some soil physical and chemical properties and as well as rate of carbon and nitrogen mineralizations were determined for both depths of soils. These soils were incubated for 42 days under different field capacities (FC 60, 80 and 100%) and temperatures (24, 28 and 32°C). Cumulative carbon mineralization (Cm), potential mineralizable carbon (C0) and rate of carbon mineralization of all soils were increased with rising temperatures. Rate of carbon mineralization in O. beata soil were lower than T. speciosum soil. NH4-N and NO3-N contents at 42nd day were higher than initial levels of soils and also increased with temperatures and field capacities. In summary, sensitivity of soil organic matter mineralization to temperature was higher at 32°C in upper layer and lower at 24°C in deeper layer of both soils

Incidence, hospital costs and in-hospital mortality rates of surgically treated patients with traumatic cranial epidural hematoma

Background: In this study, the patients who were operated in two clinics due to traumatic cranial epidural hematoma (EDH) were assessed retrospectively and the factors that increase the costs were tried to be revealed through conducting cost analyses.Methods: The patients who were operated between 2010 and 2016 with the diagnosis of EDH were assessed in terms of age, sex, trauma etiology, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) at admission, the period from trauma to hospital arrival, trauma-related injury in other organs, the localization of hematoma, the size of hematoma, length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), length of antibiotherapy administration, number of consultations conducted, total cost of in-hospital treatments of the patients and prognosis.Results: Distribution of GCS were, between 13-15 in 18 (36%) patients, 9-13 in 23 (46%) patients and 3-8 in 9 (18%) patients. The reasons for emergency department admissions were fall from high in 29 (58%) patients, assault in 11 (22%) patients and motor vehicle accident in 10 (20%) patients. The average cost per ICU stay was 2838 $(range=343-20571$). The average cost per surgical treatment was 314 $. ICU care was approximately 9 times more expensive than surgical treatment costs. The mortality rate of the study cohort was 14% (7 patients).Conclusion: The prolonged period of stay in the ICU, antibiotherapy and repeat head CTs increase the costs for patients who are surgically treated for EDH

Incidence, hospital costs and in-hospital mortality rates of surgically treated patients with traumatic cranial epidural hematoma

Background: In this study, the patients who were operated in two clinics due to traumatic cranial epidural hematoma (EDH) were assessed retrospectively and the factors that increase the costs were tried to be revealed through conducting cost analyses. Methods: The patients who were operated between 2010 and 2016 with the diagnosis of EDH were assessed in terms of age, sex, trauma etiology, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) at admission, the period from trauma to hospital arrival, trauma-related injury in other organs, the localization of hematoma, the size of hematoma, length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), length of antibiotherapy administration, number of consultations conducted, total cost of in-hospital treatments of the patients and prognosis. Results: Distribution of GCS were, between 13-15 in 18 (36%) patients, 9-13 in 23 (46%) patients and 3-8 in 9 (18%) patients. The reasons for emergency department admissions were fall from high in 29 (58%) patients, assault in 11 (22%) patients and motor vehicle accident in 10 (20%) patients. The average cost per ICU stay was 2838 $(range=343-20571$). The average cost per surgical treatment was 314 $. ICU care was approximately 9 times more expensive than surgical treatment costs. The mortality rate of the study cohort was 14% (7 patients). Conclusion: The prolonged period of stay in the ICU, antibiotherapy and repeat head CTs increase the costs for patients who are surgically treated for EDH

Leiomyoma of the renal vein: a rare tumor presenting as a renal mass

Leiomyomas are benign mesenchymal tumors that rarely occur in the kidney. Renal leiomyomas usually occur in the renal cortex or capsule. They are less commonly found in the muscularis propria of the renal pelvis and cortical vascular smooth muscle. In this case report, we present a 41-year-old woman who had right flank pain and detected a mass in the right kidney hilum

DNA-binding studies of complex of Pt(bpy)(pip)]2+and [Pt(bpy) (hpip)]2+by electrochemical methods: development of an electrochemical DNA biosensor

WOS: 000357291400025The electrochemical properties and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)- binding affinities of [Pt(bpy)(pip)](2+) (1) and [Pt(bpy)(hpip)](2+) (2) in homogeneous solution were studied. These platinum(II) complexes have shown to interact with DNA via intercalation mode. For the cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments, since 2 leads to a larger decrease in the peak current and more positive shift in the peak potential in comparison to the analogous compound of 1, it could be noted that 2 exhibits higher intercalative binding affinity against DNA. The effect of ionic strength and competitive binding studies in the presence of ethidium bromide (EB) were also investigated by CV. Electrochemical DNA biosensor based on the immobilization of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probe and 1 and 2 onto electrochemically activated glassy carbon (GC) electrode was also achieved. The immobilization of dsDNA and ssDNA probe and hybridization were monitored by differential pulse voltammetry using 1 and 2 as hybridization indicators. It was found that both platinum complexes show larger and more evident electrochemical signals for the hybridized probe dsDNA with respect to ssDNA immobilized on GC electrode. The developed electrochemical DNA biosensor showed good selectivity and analytical performance for the complementary target nucleotide with limit of detection of 1.23 x 10(-8) and 8.05 x 10(-9) mol L-1 and limit of quantification of 4.06 x 10(-7) and 2.66 x 10(-8) for 1 and 2, respectively.Scientific and Technological Research Council of TurkeyTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK)This work is funded by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey. Authors also thank Assistant Professor M. Emre HANHAN for his research facilities

Electrochemical Determination of Levofloxacin Using Poly(Pyrogallol Red) Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

In this paper, an electrochemical sensor for levofloxacin detection was developed by electrochemical polymerization of pyrogallol red (PGR) on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surfaces. Surface morphology and electrical properties of the Poly(PGR)/GCE obtained was characterized by SEM and EIS techniques. Voltammetric behaviour of the levofloxacin was found pH dependent, and the best response was obtained at pH 6.0 PBS. By monitoring the peak current at around 0.9 V, a wide linear range of calibration graph: from 0.2 mu M- 15 mu M LEV and 15 mu M- 355 mu M for levofloxacin, and very low detection limit of 97 nM were achieved with amperometry. Selectivity of the method developed was proven in the presence of possible interfering substances and the method was successfully employed for levofloxacin detection in pharmaceutical tablet and synthetic urine sample

Apical Extrusion of Debris Using Self-Adjusting File, Reciprocating Single-file, and 2 Rotary Instrumentation Systems

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the weight of debris extruded apically from teeth using different in vitro preparation techniques. Methods: Sixty-eight extracted human mandibular premolars with single canals and similar lengths were instrumented using ProTaper F2 (25,.08; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), the Self-Adjusting File (1.5-mm diameter; Re-Dent Nova, Ra'anana, Israel), Revo-S SU (25,.06; MicroMega, Besancon, France), or Reciproc (R25; VDW GmbH, Munich Germany). Debris extruded during instrumentation were collected into preweighed Eppendorf tubes. The Eppendorf tubes were then stored in an incubator at 70 degrees C for 5 days. The Eppendorf tubes were weighed to obtain the final weight of the Eppendorf tubes when the extruded debris were included. Three consecutive weights were. obtained for each tube. Results: There were no statistically significant differences among the groups (P=.218). The ProTaper group produced the highest mean extrusion value. The Reciproc produced less debris compared with all the other instruments (P >.05). Conclusions: All instrumentation techniques were associated with extruded debris