37 research outputs found
Pollenanalytische Untersuchungen im Bereich des Pfahlbaus Keutschacher See, KĂ€rnten
Auf der Untiefe inmitten des Keutschacher Sees sind Reste eines neolithischen Pfahlbaus.Dort wurde ein Bohrkern gestochen um pollenanalytische Aussagen vor allem ĂŒber die Kulturschicht zu treffen. In der Kulturschicht wurden Cerealia Pollen gefunden und somit konnte Ackerbau nachgewiesen werden. Pollenkörner von Cerealien sind aber auch in Ă€lteren Schichten vor der Kulturphase des Pfahlbaus vorhanden, was eine Besiedlung des Umlandes andeutet.A pile dwelling of neolithic origin is situated on a subsurface hill in the middle of lake Keutschach.There, a core has been taken for pollen analysis, especially regarding the cultural layer. In the cultural layer cerealia pollen were found indicating agricultural activity. Cerealia pollen were also found in earlier layers before the pile dwelling phase, so settlement of the surrounding lake shore is plausible
Ypk1, the yeast orthologue of the human serum- and glucocorticoid-induced kinase, is required for efficient uptake of fatty acids
Discrimination of "pulmonary-vascular hyperventilation by PAH/CTEPH" and "Not pulmonary-vascular hyperventilation" using blood gas analyses and cardiopulmonary exercise testing
Unklare Dyspnoe ist einer der HauptvorstellungsgrĂŒnde in den zentralen Notaufnahmen und pneumologischen Facharztpraxen [4]. Viele dieser Patienten hyperventilieren. Die Hyperventilation ist jedoch ein sehr unspezifisches Merkmal und kommt sowohl bei Pa- tienten mit Lungenerkrankungen, aber auch bei denen ohne Vorerkrankungen an der Lunge, sogar bei Patienten mit psychischen Störungen vor.
Die PH ist weit verbreitet [1], wird spĂ€t erkannt [130, 160], geht ebenfalls mit einer Hy- perventilation einher und die Inzidenz der CTEPH scheint höher als bisher angenommen [1]. Goldstandard fĂŒr die Diagnosestellung der PH ist der Rechtsherzkatheter [12]. Aller- dings wurde bereits vor 20 Jahren propagiert, dass mittels einer Spiroergometrie bei PH wegweisende Daten erhoben werden können und dies die Anzahl der notwendigen Rechtsherzkatheter reduzieren und im Gegenzug die DurchfĂŒhrung von Spiroergomet- rien steigern könnte [242, 243], um möglichst frĂŒh Patienten mit pulmonal-vaskulĂ€rer Hyperventilation von denen mit âNicht pulmonal-vaskulĂ€rer Hyperventilationâ zu unter- scheiden.
In dieser Arbeit wurden die Daten von Pateinten mit Hyperventilation analysiert (64 PAH, 46 CTEPH, 64 âNicht pulmonal-vaskulĂ€re Hyperventilationâ) und bezĂŒglich BGA und Spi- roergometrie ausgewertet.
Anhand der BGA in Ruhe konnten keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen den Grup- pen festgestellt werden. WĂ€hrend sich auch der kapillĂ€r gemessene pCO2Spiegel unter submaximaler Belastung bei vaskulĂ€r-assoziierter Bedarfshyperventilation und âNicht pulmonal-vaskulĂ€rer Hyperventilationâ nicht signifikant unterschieden, zeigten die spiro- ergometrischen Parameter alle einen signifikanten Unterschied. Die höchste SensitivitĂ€t (83,6 %) und den besten negativ prĂ€diktiven Wert (70,5 %) bei Betrachtung des Gesamt- kollektivs erreichte der Parameter VE/VCO2-slope, die beste SpezifitĂ€t (82,8 %) und den höchsten positiven Vorhersagewert (88,5 %) war bei Aa-DO2 zu sehen.
Auch der, wÀhrend der Maximalbelastung in der Spiroergometrie gemessene pO2-Spie- gel unterschied sich in den Gruppen signifikant voneinander.
Durch die Kombination mehrerer Parameter (VE/VCO2-slope, PETCO2 AT, Aa-DO2, P(a- ET)CO2 sowie pO2-Spiegel bei Maximalbelastung) kann eine SensitivitÀt von 82,7 % und
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5 Zusammenfassung
ein positiver Vorhersagewert von 89,2 % zur Erkennung der Patienten mit âHyperventi- lation bei PAH/CTEPHâ erreicht werden. Die SpezifitĂ€t liegt bei 82,3 % und der negativ prĂ€diktive Wert bei 72,9 %.
Zusammenfassend lĂ€sst sich sagen, dass die Spiroergometrie mit kombinierter BGA eine geeignete Methode ist, Patienten mit vaskulĂ€r-assoziierter Hyperventilation zu er- kennen bzw. nicht-invasiv die PrĂ€test-Wahrscheinlichkeit fĂŒr weitere Untersuchungen zu erhöhen.Unclear dyspnea is one of the most common reasons for presenting in an emergency room or at a pulmonologistâs office. Many patients with unclear dyspnea hyperventilate. However, hyperventilation is a very unspecific characteristic of pulmonary disease that can also be found in patients without pre-existing pulmonary illness and even in patients with mental illness.
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is widespread, diagnosed late and presents also with hyperventilation. The incidence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) appears to be higher than previously reported. Right heart catheterization is used as the gold standard for diagnosing PH. However, for already 20 years it has been suggested that cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) can deliver informative results to differentiate patients with pulmonary-vascular hyperventilation from patients with ânot pulmonary-vascular hyperventilationâ early, so that the number of right heart catheterizations can be reduced.
Here, we analyzed the data of blood gas analyses and cardiopulmonary exercise testing of patients who hyperventilate (64 with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), 46 with CTEPH, and 64 with ânot pulmonary-vascular hyperventilationâ).
All parameters from the CPET resulted in significant differences between the groups. The best sensitivity (83.6 %) and the best negative predictive value (70.5 %) were achieved in the VE/VCO2-slope. Aa-DO2 was the parameter with the highest specificity (82.8 %) and positive predictive value (88.5 %).
Also, there was a significant difference between the groups in the pO2-level at maximum load during CPET.
A combination of certain parameters (VE/VCO2, PETCO2 AT, Aa-DO2, P(a-ET)CO2 and pO2-level at maximum load) could achieve a sensitivity of 82,7 % and a positive predictive value of 89.2 % to detect patients with âhyperventilation by PAH/CTEPHâ. Here, the specificity was 82.3 % and the negative predictive value was 72.9 %.
In summary, the combination of CPET and blood gas analyses is an appropriate method to detect patients with pulmonary-vascular hyperventilation or at least to non-invasively increase the pretest probability for follow-up examinations
Lost roofs - case studies from Munich
The article presents the results of the authorâs research on lost roofs in Munich. Together with the buildings significant roof structures were destroyed in the Second World War.
Munich always played a central role in Bavaria. The importance of the city grew continuously over the centuries. Talented master builders met demanding clients. This resulted in prestigious buildings that were also demanding in terms of construction technology. The study highlighted the most important objects. The aim was to reconstruct the destroyed roofs of these buildings on the basis of archival sources and building archaeological research on the remains. The results show a great variety, always reflecting the current developments in roof construction. Among them there are also quite experimental solutions. The results are presented as detailed scale models.
The models allow to get a lasting impression of the lost structures. They serve to illustrate this essay. Finally, special attention is given to some constructions that have a link to italian designs.ISSN:2421-457
The laminated arch in the first half of the 19th century: A status report from Switzerland.
Reading the Score of the Air—Change in Airborne Microbial Load in Contrast to Particulate Matter during Music Making
The potential impact of music-making on air quality around musicians was inferred at the outset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic from measurements on individual musical instruments and from theoretical considerations. However, it is unclear to what extent playing together in an orchestra under optimal ventilation conditions really increases infection risks for individual musicians. In this study, changes in indoor air quality were assessed by measuring common parameters, i.e., temperature, relative humidity, and carbon dioxide, along with particle counting and determining the presence of airborne pharyngeal bacteria under different seating arrangements. The study was conducted in cooperation with a professional orchestra on a stage ventilated by high volume displacement ventilation. Even with a full line-up, the particle load was only slightly influenced by the presence of the musicians on stage. At the same time, however, a clear increase in pharyngeal flora could be measured in front of individual instrument groups, but independent of seat spacing. Simultaneous measurement of various air parameters and, above all, the determination of relevant indicator bacteria in the air, enables site-specific risk assessment and safe music-making even during a pandemic