THE INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MOVEMENT AS A FACTOR OF INFLUENCE ON INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT TENDENCY OF UKRAINE’S ECONOMY AND ITS INTEGRATION INTO THE WORLD ECONOMY

The article represents the research results concerning Ukraine’s solving strategic tasks to develop the financial mechanism of regulating the international capital movement and strengthening its positive effect on Ukraine’s economy development tendencies and innovative renewal of its domestic enterprises.The research results regarding Ukraine’s solving the strategic task of financial mechanisms of regulating the international capital movement and strengthening its positive effect on Ukraine’s economic development and innovative renewal of its economy are considered

Absence of the trade-off between the size and number of offspring in the natterjack toad (Bufo calamita)

A trade-off between size and number of offspring was not found for females of similar sizes of the natterjack toad (Bufo calamita). Moreover, for large females, clutches with higher number of eggs had larger eggs as well. This suggests that larger females produce more numerous and larger eggs because they potentially have more energy available for reproduction. Egg size diminished allometrically with clutch size. Egg size, however, did not increase offspring fitness. Therefore, this allometric decrease may be considered a consequence of phylogenetic constraints rather than a result of optimizing selection. © 1992 Springer-Verlag.Peer Reviewe

The ING tumor suppressors in cellular senescence and chromatin

<p>Abstract</p> <p>The Inhibitor of Growth (ING) proteins represent a type II tumor suppressor family comprising five conserved genes, <it>ING1 </it>to <it>ING5</it>. While ING1, ING2 and ING3 proteins are stable components of the mSIN3a-HDAC complexes, the association of ING1, ING4 and ING5 with HAT protein complexes was also reported. Among these the ING1 and ING2 have been analyzed more deeply. Similar to other tumor suppressor factors the ING proteins are also involved in many cellular pathways linked to cancer and cell proliferation such as cell cycle regulation, cellular senescence, DNA repair, apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis and modulation of chromatin.</p> <p>A common structural feature of ING factors is the conserved plant homeodomain (PHD), which can bind directly to the histone mark trimethylated lysine of histone H3 (H3K4me3). PHD mutants lose the ability to undergo cellular senescence linking chromatin mark recognition with cellular senescence. ING1 and ING2 are localized in the cell nucleus and associated with chromatin modifying enzymes, linking tumor suppression directly to chromatin regulation. In line with this, the expression of ING1 in tumors is aberrant or identified point mutations are mostly localized in the PHD finger and affect histone binding. Interestingly, ING1 protein levels increase in replicative senescent cells, latter representing an efficient pathway to inhibit cancer proliferation. In association with this, suppression of p33ING1 expression prolongs replicative life span and is also sufficient to bypass oncogene-induced senescence. Recent analyses of ING1- and ING2-deficient mice confirm a tumor suppressive role of ING1 and ING2 and also indicate an essential role of ING2 in meiosis.</p> <p>Here we summarize the activity of ING1 and ING2 as tumor suppressors, chromatin factors and in development.</p

Politische Strategien der MILF zwischen Djihadismus und Verhandlungstisch

Nach Jahrzehnten sozialer und politischer Repression erwachte im Jahr 1968 das politische Bewusstsein der muslimischen Bevölkerung Mindanaos. Im Jahr 1969 gründete der säkulare Moslem Nurullaji Misuari die Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF), die bald die Führung im Widerstand gegen die philippinische Zentralregierung übernahm. Ideologische Spannungen innerhalb der MNLF führten seit 1976 zum Ende ihrer organisatorischen Einheit: Eine Fraktion hatte sich hinter den Vizevorsitzenden der MNLF, Hashim Salamat, gestellt, der im Gegensatz zu Misurai eine Einheit von Politik und Islam anstrebte. Im Jahr 1984 spaltete sich der Salamat-Flügel als Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) endgültig von der MNLF ab. Salamats religiöse und politische Ordnungsvorstellungen prägten nicht nur Ideologie und Struktur der MILF, sondern u.a. auch ihre Beziehungen zu ausländischen Terrorgruppierungen. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Entwicklung fragt sich die Autorin, ob und wie die MILF von terroristischen Organisationen (wie der indonesischen Jemaah Islamiyah, JI) abgegrenzt werden kann, die ihrerseits eine islamische Ordnung propagieren. Um dies zu erhellen, werden zentrale Begriffe wie Djihad, Djihadismus und Fundamentalismus erläutert und das Djihad-Verständnis der MILF mit dem der JI kontrastiert. Die Ideologie, Organisationsstruktur und politischen Strategien der MILF analysiert die Autorin anhand von Kriterien, die im Rahmen des Fundamentalismus-Projektes (1991-1995) unter der Leitung von Martin Marty und Scott R. Appleby entwickelt wurden. All dies geschieht im Hinblick auf die Bedeutung für eine erfolgreiche Bearbeitung des Mindanao-Konflikts.After decades of social and political repression of the indigenous people of Mindanao, in the late 1960s the political consciousness of many Mindanaoan Muslims was awakened. In 1969, it becamemanifest in the MoroNational Liberation Front (MNLF). Under the leadership of Nurullaji Misuari, a Muslim of secular political thinking, a war against the Marcos-Regime was waged (1972-1976). Ideological strains within the MNLF became fractions. One faction gathered behind the MNLF’s vice leader, Hashim Salamat, who supported the submission of politics under the rules of Islam. In 1984, Salamat’s political wing split from the MNLF, now called the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF). Salamat’s religious and political ideas had a deep impact on the MILF’s ideology, organizational structure and foreign relations, amongst them connections with terrorist organizations. Against this background the author asks how the MILF can be distinguished from terrorist organisations that propagate so-called Islamic goals (e.g. Jemaah Islamiyah (JI)). In order to clarify this issue, important concepts like jihad, jihadism and fundamentalism are clarified. On this basis, the MILF’s understanding of jihad is contrasted with the JI’s. The author analyzes the ideology, organisational structure and political strategies of the MILF using the criteria established by the researchers of the Fundamentalism Project (1991-1995) led by Martin Marty and R. Scott Appleby. This is supposed to shed light on possible implications concerning the resolution of the Mindanao conflict

Nano- to millimeter scale morphology of connected and isolated porosity in the permo-triassic khuff formation of Oman

Carbonate reservoirs form important exploration targets for the oil and gas industry in many parts of the world. This study aims to differentiate and quantify pore types and their relation to petrophysical properties in the Permo-Triassic Khuff Formation, a major carbonate reservoir in Oman. For that purpose, we have employed a number of laboratory techniques to test their applicability for the characterization of respective rock types. Consequently, a workflow has been established utilizing a combined analysis of petrographic and petrophysical methods which provide the best results for pore-system characterization. Micro-computed tomography (μCT) analysis allows a representative 3D assessment of total porosity, pore connectivity, and effective porosity of the ooid-shoal facies but it cannot resolve the full pore-size spectrum of the highly microporous mud-/wackestone facies. In order to resolve the smallest pores, combined mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and BIB (broad ion beam)-SEM analyses allow covering a large pore size range from millimeter to nanometer scale. Combining these techniques, three different rock types with clearly discernible pore networks can be defined. Moldic porosity in combination with intercrystalline porosity results in the highest effective porosities and permeabilities in shoal facies. In back-shoal facies, dolomitization leads to low total porosity but well-connected and heterogeneously distributed vuggy and intercrystalline pores which improves permeability. Micro- and nanopores are present in all analyzed samples but their contribution to effective porosity depends on the textural context. Our results confirm that each individual rock type requires the application of appropriate laboratory techniques. Additionally, we observe a strong correlation between the inverse formation resistivity factor and permeability suggesting that pore connectivity is the dominating factor for permeability but not pore size. In the future, this relationship should be further investigated as it could potentially be used to predict permeability from wireline resistivity measured in the flushed zone close to the borehole wall. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland