Have MTO Families Lost Access to Opportunity Neighborhoods Over Time?

Reviews research on families who moved to lower-poverty areas through the Moving to Opportunity program, using new data and broader indicators to assess whether their subsequent moves were also to better neighborhoods from which the families benefited

Observation of meteors by MST radar

The observation of meteor trails by a vertical mesosphere - stratosphere - troposphere (MST) radar beam has the advantage of good height resolution and an approximate knowledge of the zenith angle since the trails are horizontal or near-horizontal. An extension of the ablation theory of meteors was developed for near horizontal trails which takes into account the curvature of the earth. Observations of the Geminid meteor shower by MST radar reveal the 'diffusion heights' to be in fair agreement with the true height, but with some discrepancies that can amount to 4 km. The true heights are almost entirely confined to the range 87-91 km, although the upper limit is attributed to the coherent integration time of the existing MST radar processing

Concentrated Poverty: A Change in Course

Examines how the distribution of concentrated poverty in metropolitan areas has shifted in the past two decades, using data from the Neighborhood Change Database

Concentrated Poverty: Dynamics of Change

Compares metropolitan census tracts that improved with respect to poverty in the 1990s with those that worsened, looking at the racial composition of both types and in different types of metropolitan areas nationally

Population Growth and Decline in City Neighborhoods

Analyzes how neighborhoods in the nation's largest cities grew and declined in the 1990s and how those results compared with patterns of change in the 1980s, based on data from the U.S. Census and the Neighborhood Change Database

Understanding the Origins of Political Duopoly in Ghana’s Fourth Republic Democracy

The paper examines political party formation and fragmentation in Ghana. A multi-theory approach was used to explain the political party formation and fragmentations and why Ghana’s party politics in the Fourth Republic is being dominated by the de facto two-party system. The study adopts a content analysis approach and depends mainly on desk reviews of literature. Ghana’s experience shows that the evolution of political parties began with the formation of nationalist movements whose prime objective was to resist specific instances of colonial racism and exploitation. The fragmentation of political parties during the pre-independence era was because the parties held different philosophies and identities, and some of which seemed counterproductive to the prime objective of the nationalist movement. Thus, while some parties expressed sub-national or ethnic and regional identities, others were rooted in religious and supra-national cleavages. However, the fourth republican constitutional entrenchment of a multiparty political system in Ghana has therefore been stifled by the practical institutionalization of two-party system in the country. This may partly result in voter apathy among citizens especially those who are dissatisfied with the NPP and the NDC politics and may abstain from exercising their voting rights

The Effect of Organic Trenching on Grain Yields, Soil Moisture and Root Penetration on Claypan Soils in South Dakota

The impervious nature of claypan soils decreases the rate of water infiltration, air exchange, and root penetration. As a result, these soils are recognized as “problem soils” by farmers and research workers because of the associated tillage difficulties and low crop yields. Several methods or approaches have been devised in an attempt to overcome this inherent handicap to crop production. The methods presently used are most often centered around the planting of legumes in a crop rotation or the use of a subsoiler to mechanically break up the claypan. The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of holding open the mechanically fractured claypan with a wedge of organic matter

Organic Trenching in South Dakota Claypin Soils: Effects on Grain Yields, Soil Moisture, Root Penetration

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the practicability of placing an organic wedge in a solodized-solonetz soil and to compare the effect of it to other mechanical and cultural practices currently used for improving grain yield, root growth, and moisture in filtration, such as subsoiling chisel or deep rooted legumes in a crop rotation