How Does the 1970s Feminist Art Matter? : Ruptures and Continuities between Feminist Art Practices of the 1970s and the 1980s in 'Jeanne Dielman' (Chantal Akerman), 'Reassemblage' (Trinh T. Minh-Ha) and 'Measures of Distance' (Mona Hatoum)

Der Artikel untersucht die Verbindungen zwischen drei Filmen prominenter Künstlerinnen in den 1970er und 1980er Jahren und der feministischen Bewegung der 1970er Jahre. Die erste Arbeit, Chantal Akermanns Film Jeanne Dielman, 23, Quai du Commerce, 1080 Bruxelles (1975), stammt aus der zweiten Hälfte der 1970er Jahre. Indem der Film die Performance als ein künstlerisches und politisches Werkzeug nutzt, spiegelt er stark die Methoden der feministischen Kunstbewegung der 1970er Jahre wieder, insbesondere der südkalifornischen Bewegung. Reassemblagevon Trinh T. Minh-Ha (1982) und Measures of distancevon Mona Hatoum (1988), erweitern das Spektrum und produzieren einen postkolonialen Diskurs, der dem Okularenzentrismus kritisch gegenübersteht und in den 1970er Jahren von feministischen Theoretikerinnen reaktiviert wurde. Der Artikel zeigt, dass obwohl die von den Feministinnen seit den 1970er Jahren angewandten und geschaffenen theoretischen Perspektiven vielfältig und pluralistisch sind, die Frage nach einem typisch weiblichen ‚körperlichen’erkenntnistheoretischen Wissen transversal zur Geschichte der feministischen Kunst ist und in neuen Formen in den sogenannten dekonstruktivistischen feministischen Praktiken der 1980er Jahre reaktiviert wurde

How Does the 1970s Feminist Art Matter? Ruptures and Continuities between Feminist Art Practices of the 1970s and the 1980s in 'Jeanne Dielman' (Chantal Akerman), 'Reassemblage' (Trinh T. Minh-Ha) and 'Measures of Distance' (Mona Hatoum)

Der Artikel untersucht die Verbindungen zwischen drei Filmen prominenter Künstlerinnen in den 1970er und 1980er Jahren und der feministischen Bewegung der 1970er Jahre. Die erste Arbeit, Chantal Akermanns Film Jeanne Dielman, 23, Quai du Commerce, 1080 Bruxelles (1975), stammt aus der zweiten Hälfte der 1970er Jahre. Indem der Film die Performance als ein künstlerisches und politisches Werkzeug nutzt, spiegelt er stark die Methoden der feministischen Kunstbewegung der 1970er Jahre wieder, insbesondere der südkalifornischen Bewegung. Reassemblagevon Trinh T. Minh-Ha (1982) und Measures of distancevon Mona Hatoum (1988), erweitern das Spektrum und produzieren einen postkolonialen Diskurs, der dem Okularenzentrismus kritisch gegenübersteht und in den 1970er Jahren von feministischen Theoretikerinnen reaktiviert wurde. Der Artikel zeigt, dass obwohl die von den Feministinnen seit den 1970er Jahren angewandten und geschaffenen theoretischen Perspektiven vielfältig und pluralistisch sind, die Frage nach einem typisch weiblichen ‚körperlichen’erkenntnistheoretischen Wissen transversal zur Geschichte der feministischen Kunst ist und in neuen Formen in den sogenannten dekonstruktivistischen feministischen Praktiken der 1980er Jahre reaktiviert wurde

Attitudes of medical students towards incentives offered by pharmaceutical companies -- perspective from a developing nation -- a cross-sectional study

Background: A training physician has his first interaction with a pharmaceutical representative during medical school. Medical students are often provided with small gifts such as pens, calendars and books, as well as free lunches as part of drug promotion offers. Ethical impact of these transactions as perceived by young medical students has not been investigated in Pakistan before. This study aimed to assess the association of socio-demographic variables with the attitudes of medical students towards pharmaceutical companies and their incentives.Methods: As part of a cross-sectional survey, a validated questionnaire previously used for assessing attitude of medical students towards pharmaceutical industry, was modified, pre-tested and distributed among consenting clinical year students at DUHS and AKU. Questions included acceptability of pharmaceutically sponsored gifts, events and tuition fee, and their impact on future prescription. Responses were graded as agree, disagree or neutral which were then scored according to the AMSA guidelines of ethical conduct.Results: Out of a total of 353 targeted students 303 responded, corresponding to a response rate of 85.8%. Responses indicated that 42.7% students believed in no interaction with drug companies during medical school. However, 81% of students favored pharmaceutical sponsorship of student-body events/seminars at medical colleges. More than one-third of the students were comfortable receiving gifts from drug companies. Overall, the results of this study offer an interesting comparison between the students of a private medical school (AKU) and a public medical school (DUHS); AKU students exhibited a greater degree of mistrust towards drug information provided by pharmaceutical companies compared to DUHS students (p=0.040). Furthermore, when asked if there was a need to incorporate guidelines in the undergraduate curriculum with regard to interaction with drug companies, 84.2% students at AKU agreed, compared to 54.9% at DUHS. Medical student Attitude Scores are more or less similar to each other independent of their various demographical differences.CONCLUSION: This study highlights that medical students in our population have a high level of acceptability towards incentives offered by pharmaceutical industry and that formal guidance regarding the subject should be incorporated into medical curriculum

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Genetic engineering of human ES and iPS cells using TALE nucleases

Targeted genetic engineering of human pluripotent cells is a prerequisite for exploiting their full potential. Such genetic manipulations can be achieved using site-specific nucleases. Here we engineered transcription activator–like effector nucleases (TALENs) for five distinct genomic loci. At all loci tested we obtained human embryonic stem cell (ESC) and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) clones carrying transgenic cassettes solely at the TALEN-specified location. Our data suggest that TALENs employing the specific architectures described here mediate site-specific genome modification in human pluripotent cells with similar efficiency and precision as do zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs).National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant R37-CA084198)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant RO1-CA087869)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant RO1-HD045022)Howard Hughes Medical Institut

A National Survey of Hereditary Angioedema and Acquired C1 Inhibitor Deficiency in the United Kingdom

Background: Detailed demographic data on people with hereditary angioedema (HAE) and acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency in the United Kingdom are relatively limited. Better demographic data would be beneficial in planning service provision, identifying areas of improvement, and improving care./ Objective: To obtain more accurate data on the demographics of HAE and acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency in the United Kingdom, including treatment modalities and services available to patients./ Methods: A survey was distributed to all centers in the United Kingdom that look after patients with HAE and acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency to collect these data./ Results: The survey identified 1152 patients with HAE-1/2 (58% female and 92% type 1), 22 patients with HAE with normal C1 inhibitor, and 91 patients with acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency. Data were provided by 37 centers across the United Kingdom. This gives a minimum prevalence of 1:59,000 for HAE-1/2 and 1:734,000 for acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency in the United Kingdom. A total of 45% of patients with HAE were on long-term prophylaxis (LTP) with the most used medication being danazol (55% of all patients on LTP). Eighty-two percent of patients with HAE had a home supply of acute treatment with C1 inhibitor or icatibant. A total of 45% of patients had a supply of icatibant and 56% had a supply of C1 inhibitor at home./ Conclusions: Data obtained from the survey provide useful information about the demographics and treatment modalities used in HAE and acquired C1 inhibitor deficiency in the United Kingdom. These data are useful for planning service provision and improving services for these patients

Artificial Intelligence and COVID-19: Deep Learning Approaches for Diagnosis and Treatment

COVID-19 outbreak has put the whole world in an unprecedented difficult situation bringing life around the world to a frightening halt and claiming thousands of lives. Due to COVID-19’s spread in 212 countries and territories and increasing numbers of infected cases and death tolls mounting to 5,212,172 and 334,915 (as of May 22 2020), it remains a real threat to the public health system. This paper renders a response to combat the virus through Artificial Intelligence (AI). Some Deep Learning (DL) methods have been illustrated to reach this goal, including Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), and Long/Short Term Memory (LSTM). It delineates an integrated bioinformatics approach in which different aspects of information from a continuum of structured and unstructured data sources are put together to form the user-friendly platforms for physicians and researchers. The main advantage of these AI-based platforms is to accelerate the process of diagnosis and treatment of the COVID-19 disease. The most recent related publications and medical reports were investigated with the purpose of choosing inputs and targets of the network that could facilitate reaching a reliable Artificial Neural Network-based tool for challenges associated with COVID-19. Furthermore, there are some specific inputs for each platform, including various forms of the data, such as clinical data and medical imaging which can improve the performance of the introduced approaches toward the best responses in practical applications