Interaction synergetics mining with rock massif

Purpose. To find out the physical essence of the phenomenon of zonal disintegration of rocks around underground workings. Methods. The main types of research adopted a synergistic methodological search and analysis of open thermodynamic systems in a unbalanced condition. Findings. The physical essence of the phenomenon of zonal disintegration of rocks around underground workings as a phenomenon of zonal encapsulation by an array of underground workings is detected. The processes of formation of energy fields during the formation of protective capsules around underground workings are described. The principal approaches to the management of natural factors and the procedure for their use in underground mining technologies are proposed. Originality. Underground digging call forth sine wave oscillations in energy gradients, forming a safety relief, which consists of a system of ring energy zones, the number of which increases with increasing depth and decreasing rock strength. Practical implications. The deployment of the physical essence of zonal ensheath by an array of underground diggings made it possible to create prerequisites for describing the processes and using the laws that form this phenomenal phenomenon

Rational use and protection of subsurface resources in the underground mining of ore deposits in conditions of technogenesis

The basic scientific and practical results of rational use and protection of subsoil under underground mining of ore deposits in the conditions of technogenesis are based on reliable geological and surveying and geomechanical support, taking into account the stability of rock masses and the dimensions of the contour energy zone. It is recommended to build ore contours based on the data of advanced exploration (drilling of explorers through 25 m, test wells – after 5-6 m and explosive wells – through 1,2-1,5 m)

Enhancement of confined blasting of ore

Underground mining of ore deposits features worsening of geological and geotechnical conditions, exclusive standards of environmental protection and subsoil conservation as well as more stringent requirements of life safety in the influence zones of mining. This study focuses on higher efficiency of confined blasting through justification of blast design with regard to a required grain-size composition of broken ore (average linear size of ore particle after confined blasting) and safety of guarded objects in terms of industrial and residential infrastructure in the influence zone of mining (the Ingul River underflow, domestic buildings and social framework objects in the settlement of Kizelgur in the suburb of the Kropyvnytskyi city, Ukraine, etc.). The study used analytical, mathematical, in-mine, laboratory and experimental research methods, mathematical and physical modeling, as well as the analysis and assessment of the confined blasting technologies, implementation analysis of pilot confined blasting at the preset grain-size composition, and the analysis of geological and geomechanical conditions on Level 280–210 m in the Michurin deposit (Ukraine) by standard and new procedures (developed with participation of the present article authors). The novelty of this study is justification of the ratio of fragmentation by confined blasting as 1.2–1.3. The fragmentation ratio is one of the main parameters in calculation of length of a section composed of layers (rows). After confined blasting in such section, fragmentation is limiting and equals on average 3.0 kg/m3 at rock hardness of 12–18 and more on Protodyakonov’s scale. As a result of the implemented research, a seismically safe confined blasting technology was developed to be applied in extraction of ore bodies 1, 4, 5 and 10, as well as residual reserves on level 280–210 m of the Michurin deposit. The ecological and social efficiency of the engineering solutions is evaluated

Increase of ores mining safety based on combined backfilling of mining chambers space

Main research and practical results presented devoted to increase of ores mining safety, based on combined backfilling of mining space. An actuality of the solid stowing usage for backfilling of stoped excavation space shown, when combined with loose stowing during underground mining of deposits. A methodology of research and peculiarities of mining blocks chambers isolation presented when using loose mixture in the combined stowing

Acoustic-gravity wave propagation characteristics in 3D radiation hydrodynamic simulations of the solar atmosphere

There has been tremendous progress in the degree of realism of three-dimensional radiation magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of the solar atmosphere in the past decades. Four of the most frequently used numerical codes are Bifrost, CO5BOLD, MANCHA3D, and MURaM. Here we test and compare the wave propagation characteristics in model runs from these four codes by measuring the dispersion relation of acoustic-gravity waves at various heights. We find considerable differences between the various models. The height dependence of wave power, in particular of high-frequency waves, varies by up to two orders of magnitude between the models, and the phase difference spectra of several models show unexpected features, including $\pm180^\circ$ phase jumps.Comment: 19 pages, 15 figure

Municipal solid waste management in some countries of the world

The aim of the study is both an analysis of existing basic solutions and innovations in the field of municipal solid waste management and new developments by domestic authors. The main research method was environmental monitoring in the impact zone of municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills. In the process of monitoring, the properties of the soils of the landfill bases were studied by testing them and further laboratory studies of lithological and mineral compositions, moisture and density, filtration and other characteristics. As a result, the following were established: the dependence of soil water permeability on particle size distribution, lithological, organ mineral compositions and the degree of their heterogeneity; maximum minimum-required thickness of screening soils at the base of MSW landfills in the Middle Urals. The established dependences of the engineering and geological characteristics of soils make it possible to use them as natural impervious screens, which can be successfully applied in other regions under similar conditions. Among the constructive solutions in the field of municipal solid waste management, the developments of domestic scientists, which were tested in the Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod and Sverdlovsk regions, are considered. Some of them relate to environmental protection in the area affected by landfills, while others are aimed at optimizing the operation of such landfills. The optimization technology consists in combining the operation and reconstruction cycles of municipal solid waste landfills within their land allotment. It allows involving previously unused materials into circulation and obtaining insulating material from "old-year"waste. © 2020 The Authors, published by EDP Sciences

Проблемы и перспективы подготовки специалистов для предприятий ядерно-топливного комплекса Украины

Abstract. Purpose: To open problematics and to propose ways of development of production, scientific and educational spheres that providing nuclear-and-fuel power industry of Ukraine. Methods: The current state of uranium, zirconium and accompanying enterprises and also preparation of workers, engineering and highly-qualified personnel according to implementation of the State target economic program “Uranium of Ukraine” is analyzed. Findings: Problematics in development of production, scientific and educational spheres on the way of creation of closed nuclear-and-fuel cycle in Ukraine is analyzed. Originality: Creation of administrative-and-pedagogic, scientific-research inter-industry collective that will be capable to successful solution of production, scientific and educational problems in structural divisions of nuclear-and-fuel cycle of Ukraine. Practical implications: The foundation of creation of corporate educational institution of power orientations in Ukraine which systemically solves priorities in production, scientific and educational spheres of nuclear-and-fuel cycle is laid

Simulations of magneto-acoustic pulsations in atmospheres of rapidly oscillating Ap stars

Rapidly oscillating Ap stars exhibit an astrophysically interesting combination of strong, dipolar-like magnetic fields and high-overtone p-mode pulsations similar to the Sun. Recent time-resolved spectroscopy of these stars unravelled a complex picture of propagating magneto-acoustic pulsation waves, with amplitude and phase strongly changing as a function of atmospheric height. To interpret these observations and gain a new insight into the atmospheric dynamics of roAp stars we have carried out 2-D time-dependent, non-linear magneto-hydrodynamical simulations of waves for a realistic atmospheric stratification of a cool Ap star. We explore a grid of simulations in a wide parameter space, treating oscillations of the velocity, magnetic field and thermodynamic quantities in a self-consistent manner. Our simulations foster a new understanding of the influence of the atmosphere and the magnetic field on the propagation and reflection properties of magneto-acoustic waves, formation of node surfaces, and relative variation of different quantities. Our simulations reproduce all main features of the observed pulsational behavior of roAp stars. We show, for the first time, that the overall depth dependence of the pulsations in roAp atmospheres is strongly influenced by the density inversion at the photospheric base.Comment: accepted by The Astrophysical Journa