Recent developments in nucleic acid identification using solid-phase enzymatic assays

This review (containing 101 references) covers recent achievements in the development of new approaches for enzymatically assisted detection of nucleic acids on microarrays. We discuss molecular techniques including the polymerase chain reaction, reverse transcription, allele specific primer extension and a range of isothermal techniques for the amplification and discrimination of nucleic acids. This also includes their implementation into microfluidic systems. These techniques all show great promise for use in the life sciences by allowing for high throughput, cost effective and highly sensitive and specific analysis of nucleic acids. Importantly, they can be potentially integrated into personalized and point-of-care medicine

The comparative estimation of influence of higholeic sunflower and palm oils consumption on the fatty acids content of rat liver lipids

Aim: To determine of influence of higholeic sunflower and palm oils consumption on the fatty acids content of rat liver lipids.Materials and methods: The content of liver lipids and fatty acid levels in 2 lipid fractions were determined in 3 groups of rats: 1 – fat fee ration, 2 – ration with 15 % higholeic sunflower oil and 3 – ration with 15 % palm oil. The duration of feeding was 40 days. First lipid fraction was triglycerides (TG) + ester cholesterine (EC). Second lipid fraction was free fatty acids (FFA).Results: Increase of weight was the largest for third group, and the least for second group. The content of lipids in liver was the largest for third group, and the last for first group. The content of FFA was the largest for third group. The content of ω-6 PUSFA was the largest for third group. The content ω-3 PUSFA was the largest for second group.Conclusion: Palm oil consumption leact to increase sueight, the content of lipids and ω-6 PUSFA or decrease the content of ω-3 PUSFA on liver. Higholeic acid sunflower oil increase the content of ω-3 PUSFA

Hypolipidemic action of oral applications of edible fats

Levitsky A. P., Dvulit I. P., Khodakov I. V. Hypolipidemic action of oral applications of edible fats. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2018;8(11):600-605. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2535711 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/6454 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part b item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author(s) 2018; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 19.11.2018. Revised: 22.11.2018. Accepted: 30.11.2018. UDK 616.153:588.152:616.633:612.31 HYPOLIPIDEMIC ACTION OF ORAL APPLICATIONS OF EDIBLE FATS A. P. Levitsky 1, I. P. Dvulit2, I. V. Khodakov1 1SE «The Institute of Stomatology and Maxillofacial surgery of the National academy of medical science of Ukraine» (Odessa) 2Lviv National Medical University [email protected] Abstract Background. To determine the effect of oral fatty applications on the content of triglycerides in the serum and liver of rats. Methods. As edible fats, ordinary sunflower oil, high-oleic sunflower oil “Olivka” and butter, as well as the same oils after heat treatment, were used. Application of oils (0.5 g) on the oral mucosa was carried out once a day for 3 days. After euthanasia on the 4th day, the content of triglycerides (TG) in the serum and in the liver was determined. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was also determined in the liver. The ratio of the level of TG in serum and in the liver was calculated fat-incretory function of the liver. Results. Oral fatty applications cause a decrease in serum TG and increase them in the liver. In the liver, the content of MDA and the fat-incretory function decreases. Conclusion. Oral fatty applications cause hypotriglyceridemia, reduce the level of peroxidation in the liver and cause hepatosteatosis. Keywords: fat diet, oral cavity, liver, serum

Sequence selective capture, release and analysis of DNA using a magnetic microbead-assisted toehold-mediated DNA strand displacement reaction

This paper reports on the modification of magnetic beads with oligonucleotide capture probes with a specially designed pendant toehold (overhang) aimed specifically to capture double-stranded PCR products. After capture, the PCR products were selectively released from the magnetic beads by means of a toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction using short artificial oligonucleotide triggers and analysed using capillary electrophoresis. The approach was successfully shown on two genes widely used in human DNA genotyping, namely human c-fms (macrophage colony-stimulating factor) proto-oncogene for the CSF-1 receptor (CSF1PO) and amelogenin

Magnetic Characterization of Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts

INGENIERIE+JDAInternational audienceThis paper reviews recent developments in the application of magnetic methods for investigation of Fischer-Tropsch catalysts involving cobalt, iron and nickel. Magnetic characterization provides valuable information about catalyst reduction, sizes of ferromagnetic nanoparticles, chemisorption on ferromagnetics and topochemical reactions which occur with the catalysts during the genesis of the active phase and in the conditions of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The capabilities and challenges of the magnetic methods are discussed.Cet article passe en revue les développements récents dans le domaine de la caractérisation des catalyseurs Fischer-Tropsch à base de cobalt, de fer et de nickel par la méthode magnétique. La caractérisation magnétique fournit des informations précieuses sur la réduction du catalyseur, la taille des nanoparticules ferromagnétiques, la chimisorption, ainsi que sur les réactions topo chimiques qui se produisent avec les catalyseurs au cours de la genèse de la phase active et dans des conditions réactionnelles. Les possibilités et les limites de la méthode magnétique sont examinée

Síntese de zeólita do tipo ZSM-5 a partir de cinzas volantes de carvão mineral para aplicação em catálise

A busca pela utilização de fontes alternativas de silício para a síntese de zeólitas apresenta grande potencial na produção de estruturas microporosas com custo mais acessível. Entre as diversas fontes alternativas de silício existentes destaca-se a cinza volante, proveniente da combustão do carvão mineral, a qual é constituída predominantemente por sílica (SiO2). Dentre as diversas gamas das aplicações de zeólitas, destaca-se a sua utilização como catalisadores. Catalisadores bifuncionais de zeólita e metal possuem inúmeras aplicações na indústria química. No entanto, o principal desafio na concepção destes catalisadores consiste na localização de sítios ativos do íon metálico e dos sítios ácidos da estrutura da zeólita. Neste contexto, este estudo objetivou a obtenção da zeólita ZSM-5, utilizando cinzas volantes da Mina Candiota como fonte alternativa de sílica. Para tal, foi desenvolvido um planejamento experimental a fim de avaliar os parâmetros mais adequados no processo de extração da sílica da cinza (tempo, temperatura e concentração de agente mineralizante) para a obtenção da zeólita ZSM-5. A zeólita ZSM-5 sintetizada foi estudada a fim de avaliar os processos de dessilicação e desaluminação, bem como os tratamentos combinados e seus efeitos sobre a estrutura e acidez quando a mesma possui grande tamanho de cristais, utilizando como reação modelo a acilação do anisol. O trabalho também propõe o estudo de uma nova abordagem para a obtenção de catalisadores compostos de níquel-zeólita de forma seletiva em três zeólitas diferentes, ZSM-5 sintetizada com sílica extraída da cinza do carvão, ZSM-5 e BETA comercial (Zeolyst). Para isto, foi estudada a inserção de partículas subnanométricas de metal no interior dos poros das zeólitas a fim de se obter uma estreita proximidade com os sítios ácidos, a partir da extração do metal da superfície externa da zeólita utilizando o ácido poli(4-estireno sulfônico). Os materiais obtidos foram avaliados cataliticamente e em dois tipos de reação de hidrogenação, com tolueno e 1,3,5 – triisopropilbenzeno. A sílica extraída, a zeólita sintetizada e os catalisadores bifuncionais foram caracterizados por DRX, FTIR, XPS, FRX, adsorção e dessorção de nitrogênio a baixas temperaturas, TPR e microscopia eletrônica de varredura e transmissão. Os resultados obtidos por FRX mostram que as cinzas apresentaram teores de SiO2 (63,8%) e Al2O3 (20,0%) em massa, como componentes majoritários. As análises de difração de Raios-X indicaram que a sílica extraída se apresenta em sua forma amorfa e após a síntese da zeólita, apresenta estrutura cristalina característica de zeólitas do tipo MFI e área superficial específica de 460 m² g-1, similar a zeólita comercial (450 m² g-1). Os tratamentos de dessilicação e desaluminação, resultaram em fissuras na estrutura do tipo folha e outros defeitos claramente visíveis na superfície dos cristalitos da zeólita. Pela análise de RMN de 29Si e 27Al e DRX, observou-se apenas pequenas modificações na estrutura da zeólita. Além disso, a acidez total de Brønsted não é significativamente afetada pelos tratamentos. As zeólitas tratadas com maior acidez na superfície externa mostraram maior atividade na acilação de anisol com ácido hexanóico. Nos catalisadores preparados por impregnação, as partículas de metal da superfície externa das zeólitas ZSM-5 e BEA foram seletivamente removidas por extração com moléculas volumosas do polímero ácido poli(4-estireno sulfônico), confirmados por resultados de FRX e XPS. Os catalisadores de zeólita e níquel testados na reação de hidrogenação de tolueno possuem a formação majoritária de metilciclohexeno, produto esperado da reação. Considerando os catalisadores após a extração, estes apresentaram maior seletividade para produtos de hidroalquilação de tolueno, sendo observados, substancialmente nas zeólitas contendo níquel apenas no interior dos microporos de zeólita. A modificação da seletividade foi atribuída à sinergia das reações de hidrogenação e alquilação devido à proximidade dos sítios metálicos e ácidos localizados no interior dos poros zeólitas.The search for the use of alternative sources of silicon for the synthesis of zeolites presents great potential in the production of microporous structures with more accessible cost. Among the various alternative sources of silicon, fly ash comes from the combustion of coal, which consists predominantly of silica (SiO2). Among the various ranges of zeolite applications, it is noteworthy to use them as catalysts. Bifunctional zeolite and metal catalysts have numerous applications in the chemical industry. However, the main challenge in the design of these catalysts is the location of active sites of the metal ion and the acid sites of the zeolite structure. In this context, this study aimed to obtain ZSM-5 zeolite, using fly ash from Candiota Mine as an alternative source of silica. For this, an experimental design was developed in order to evaluate the most adequate parameters in the silica extraction process (time, temperature and concentration of mineralizing agent) to obtain ZSM-5 zeolite. The ZSM-5 synthesized zeolite was studied in order to evaluate the desilation and desalination processes, as well as the combined treatments and their effects on the structure and acidity when the same has a large size of crystals, using as model reaction the acylation of the anisole. The work also proposes the study of a new approach to obtain catalysts composed of nickel-zeolite selectively in three different zeolites, ZSM-5 synthesized with silica extracted from coal ash, ZSM-5 and commercial BETA (Zeolyst). For this, the insertion of subnanometric metal particles inside the pores of the zeolites was studied in order to obtain a close proximity to the acid sites, from the extraction of the metal from the external surface of the zeolite using with poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid). The obtained materials were evaluated catalytically and in two types of hydrogenation reaction, with toluene and 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene. The extracted silica, the synthesized zeolite and the bifunctional catalysts were characterized by XRD, FTIR, XPS, FRX, adsorption and desorption of nitrogen at low temperatures, TPR and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The results obtained by FRX show that ashes presented SiO2 (63.8 %) and Al2O3 (20.0 %) by mass, as major components. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the silica extracted appears in its amorphous form and after the synthesis of the zeolite, has crystalline structure characteristic of MFI-type zeolites and a specific surface area of 460 m² g-1, similar to commercial zeolite (450 m² g-1). Desilation and desalination treatments resulted in cracks in the leaf-like structure and other defects clearly visible on the surface of the zeolite crystallites. By NMR analysis of 29Si and 27Al and XRD, only minor changes in zeolite structure were observed. In addition, Brønsted's total acidity is not significantly affected by treatments. The zeolites treated with higher acidity on the outer surface showed higher activity in the acylation of anisole with hexanoic acid. In the catalysts prepared by impregnation, the outer surface metal particles of the ZSM-5 and BEA zeolites were selectively removed by extraction with voluminous with poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid) polymer molecules, confirmed by FRX and XPS results. The zeolite and nickel catalysts tested in the hydrogenation reaction of toluene have the major formation of methylcyclohexene, the expected product of the reaction. Considering the catalysts after the extraction, these showed higher selectivity for hydroalkylation products of toluene, being observed, substantially in zeolites containing nickel only inside the zeolite micropores. Modification of the selectivity was attributed to the synergy of the hydrogenation and alkylation reactions due to the proximity of the metallic and acidic sites located inside the zeolite pores

Bacterial production of transparent exopolymer particles during static and laboratory-based cross-flow experiments

Open Access Article. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.Biofouling of seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) membranes represents one of the leading causes of performance deterioration in the desalination industry. This work investigates the biofouling potential of microbial communities present in a reverse osmosis (RO) feed tank. As an example, water from the RO feed tank of the Penneshaw desalination plant (Kangaroo Island, South Australia) was used in a static biofilm formation experiment. Cultures of the indigenous biofilms formed during the static experiment showed that α-Proteobacteria and γ-Proteobacteria accounted for nearly 80% of the classes of bacteria present in the RO feed tank. Pseudomonas sp. was identified as the major species and isolated for testing in static and laboratory-based cross flow biofilm formation experiments. Results showed that the volume of TEPs generated by Pseudomonas sp. during the laboratory-based cross-flow experiment was 10 fold higher to that produced during the static experiment for the same time period, while both experiments were inoculated with cell concentrations of the same order of magnitude. The availability of nutrients was also shown to be a key driver in TEP production, particularly for the static experiments. This study provides insights into the phenomenon of biofouling by assessing the production of biofouling precursors from one of the main genera of biofilm-forming bacteria, namely Pseudomonas sp

USMU surgical departments

The article describes the evolution of the Ural State Medical University (from the Faculty of Medicine to the University). The author highlights those who made their invaluable contribution to the development of medical education and science in the Middle Urals, starting from the 20s of the last century, the difficult years of the Great Patriotic War, and ending with today.В статье показана эволюция Уральского государственного медицинского университета (от медицинского факультета до университета). Автор отметил тех, кто внес свой бесценный вклад в развитие медицинского образования и науки на Среднем Урале, начиная с 20-х годов прошлого столетия, в тяжелые годы Великой Отечественной войны и заканчивая днем сегодняшни