Word Recognition in Nutrition Labels with Convolutional Neural Network

Nowadays, everyone is very busy and running around trying to maintain a balance between their work life and family, as the working hours are increasing day by day. In such hassled life people either ignore or do not give enough attention to a healthy diet. An imperative part of a healthy eating routine is the cognizance and maintenance of nourishing data and comprehension of how extraordinary sustenance and nutritious constituents influence our bodies. Besides in the USA, in many other countries, nutritional information is fundamentally passed on to consumers through nutrition labels (NLs) which can be found in all packaged food products in the form of nutrition table. However, sometimes it turns out to be challenging to utilize this information available in these NLs notwithstanding for consumers who are health conscious as they may not be familiar with nutritional terms and discover it hard to relate nutritional information into their day by day activities because of lack of time, inspiration, or training. So it is essential to automate this information gathering and interpretation procedure by incorporating Machine Learning based algorithm to abstract nutritional information from NLs on the grounds that it enhances the consumer’s capacity to participate in nonstop nutritional information gathering and analysis

MAPk Activation Modulates Permeability of Isolated Rat Alveolar Epithelial Cell Monolayers Following Cyclic Stretch

We cultured (5 days) rat alveolar epithelial cells to investigate the role of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPk) signaling in ventilator induced epithelial barrier dysfunction. Cells were stretched to a magnitude of 12% or 37% change in surface area at a rate of 0.25 Hz with and without pretreatment with either the JNK inhibitor SP600125 or the ERK inhibitor U0126. Following stretch (0, 10, 30, or 60 min), MAPk phosphorylation was examined, monolayer permeability to the uncharged tracer carboxyfluorescein measured (0, 10, 60 min of stretch), and occludin expression determined (0 and 60 min of stretch). Stretch to 12%, previously shown not to increase monolayer permeability, did not alter phosphorylation of any MAPk or occludin expression at any time point. Following stretch to 37%, phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and p38 was significantly higher by 10 minutes than in unstretched monolayers. Phosphorylation of JNK and p38 subsided as stretch continued, and by 30 minutes returned to unstretched levels. Phosphorylation of ERK remained significantly elevated compared to unstretched levels at all stretch durations. Epithelial permeability increased significantly by 10 minutes of stretch compared to unstretched controls, with further significant increases by 60 minutes. Inhibition with U0126 and SP600125 prevented stretch-induced phosphorylation increases of ERK and JNK, respectively, however neither prevented increases in permeability following 10 minutes. Separately, inhibition of JNK or ERK prevented subsequent additional permeability increases as stretch continued to 60 minute time points. Inhibition of JNK, not ERK, prevented loss of occludin, and minimized loss of cell-cell contact following 60 minutes of stretch. These data suggest that stretch-induced JNK signaling modulates epithelial permeability through regulation tight junction protein expression, and is a potential target for clinical treatments during mechanical ventilation

Residents Teaching Medical Students: How Do They Compare With Attending Educators?

PurposeEducating medical students is a core mission of academic radiology departments. In some programs, residents participate in student teaching. The aim of this study was to retrospectively compare medical student evaluations of radiology resident lectures with lecture evaluations of radiology faculty members.MethodsNumeric evaluations for lectures given by faculty members, fellows, and residents were collected over a 1-year period as part of routine course evaluations for a fourth-year medical student radiology elective. Faculty member, fellow, and resident lecture scores were compared, overall using analysis of variance and pairwise using Student's t test. A predefined low P-value threshold was used for the t tests to account for the multiple comparisons. To account for the inherent clustering of the data due to repeat lecturers, the data were reanalyzed on a "per lecturer" basis.ResultsThree hundred seven individual lecture scores were collected. There was no statistical difference between the lecture scores received by attending faculty members (mean, 9.10 on a scale of 10) and residents (mean, 8.99) (P = .08). Fellows, however, scored statistically significantly lower (mean, 8.45) than attending faculty members and residents (P <.001 for both comparisons). The per lecturer analysis yielded similar results.ConclusionsLectures delivered by residents received similar evaluations as lectures delivered by faculty members. Given that teaching can be an educational experience for residents, involving radiology residents in medical student teaching may benefit students and residents alike

A note on Entropy

This article explains a general second law of thermodynamics. The article stems from the fact that the Second law of thermodynamics was supposed to explain everything in the universe. But, there have been multiple pieces of research conducted which prove that the Second Law of Thermodynamics is not applicable to everything in the Universe, by changing the law and re-defining Entropy, States , System the improved statetment of the law is capapble of explainin everything

Congenital bilateral syngnathia and tracheoesophageal fistula: A rare presentation

Congenital syngnathia (CS), first reported by Burket in 1936, is a rare condition, with <50 reported cases and is associated with other conditions and syndromes. CS restricts mouth opening, causing difficulty in feeding, swallowing, and respiration. This report puts forth the clinical findings and management of this challenging condition in association with tracheoesophageal fistula in a neonate

IS GENDER WISE DISPROPORTION SEEN IN IMPULSIVE BUYING BEHAVIOR?

Abstract Impulse purchase or impulse buying describes any purchase which a shopper makes; through it was not planned in advance. The purpose of the present paper is to explore the concept of Impulsive buying behavior in different age groups. This study was carried out at anchor store of India. The Impulsive buying was measured by the scale developed by Shimp and Sharma (1987). The (n=168) respondents were used collect the samples. It is expected that the findings will provide vital inputs to marketers in framing their marketing strategies keeping in mind the various tendencies among youth &amp; their behavior. The result shows that the impulsive buying behavior has disproportion as age groups. Keywords: Impulsive buying, disproportion, Anchor Store, Age Groups, Marketing Strategies. 1.Introduction An impulse purchase or impulse buying is an unplanned or otherwise spontaneous purchase. Impulse items can be anything, a new product, samples or well-established products at surprising low prices. Parboteeah (2005; based on Piron, 1991:512) stated that impulse purchasing is unplanned, the result of an exposure to a stimulus, and is decided on-the-spot. Impulse buyers begin browsing without having an intention to purchase a certain item or visiting a certain store.Impulsive buying is a common behavior today and can occur in any setting. Much of the human activity is driven by impulses that are biochemically &amp; psychologically stimulated. Beatty and Ferrell (1998) described that Impulse buying refers to immediate purchases which are without any preshopping objective either to purchase the specific product category or to fulfill a specific need. It is not consciously planned, but arises immediately upon confrontation with certain stimulus (Wolman, 1975 (Schiffman and Kanuk, 2007). India Being a transitional economy technological boom such as television shopping channels and the Internet expand consumers&apos; impulse purchasing opportunities, increasing both the accessibility to products and services and the ease with which impulse purchases can be made. Impulse buying is an unplanned purchase that is characterized by relatively rapid decision-making, and a subjective bias in favor of immediate possession Previous research on impulse buying was more focused on product attributes, while the recent research emphasizes on the personal attributes or characteristics of the buyer. This study is purposed to identify and explain the characteristics of consumers that influence them to buy on impulse. Consumer&apos;s characteristics comprise of individual characteristics or traits that enhance consumer&apos;s tendency to show impulsive behavior (Weun et al., 1998; Young &amp; Faber, 2000). In consistency with the literature of impulse buying in psychology, many studies stress that impulse buying is an individual&apos;s personal trait. Individuals are responsible for impulse buying as compared to previous product-centered believe of researchers (Jalees, 2009). (Chavosha et al, 2011) identified a significant relationship between consumers&quot; characteristics and impulse buying in Singaporean consumers. Different tendencies of the consumers also reflects the Impulsive buying behavior, highly impulsive buyers are likely to be unreflective in their thinking, to be emotionally attracted to the object, and to desire immediate gratification (Hoch &amp; Loewenstein, 1991; Thompson et al., 1990).The present study attempts to explore the impulsive buying behavior among the Indian of the different age group. Research paper Impact Factor (GIF) 0.314 IJBARR E-ISSN -2347-856X ISSN -2348-0653 International The paper is structured as follows: First, to position the paper, the context of the study is provided by highlighting the objectives of studying this topic. This is followed by a brief review of prior Impulsive buying tendencies. Methodology is presented, followed by discussion of the results. The paper concludes with a discussion and implications of the study&apos;s findings for marketing and research. Literature Review Extensive research on impulsive buying behavior began in the early 1950&apos;s. The DuPont (1945) studies defined Impulse buying an unplanned purchase. As far as marketing perspective is concerned, impulsive buying tendencies may be desirable only in very limited contexts, such as low-involvement and low-cost products. In all other contexts, impulsive purchases impose serious difficulties both to the individual, as well as to the respective brand. Rook &amp; Hoch, (1985) suggested that it is the people, not the product who experiencing the consuming impulses. The impulse buying tendency of an individual is the impression of consumer&apos;s trait An anchor store is a large store, such as a department store or supermarket that is prominently located in a shopping mall to attract customers who are then expected to patronize the other shops in the mall (Houghton Mifflin Company, 2009). In India, there are many anchor store are exist like big Bazaar, More, D-mart, Reliance Mart Etc. Impulsive buying tends to increase between the age 18 to 39, and then it decline there after (bellenger &amp; Robertson Hirshman, 1978). An inverse relationship was found between age &amp; impulsive buying. It was found that the relationship non monotonic. It&apos;s at a higher level between age 18 to 39 and at a lower level there after (wood, 1998). Young generation is more impulsive than others, age of buyers from 18 to 40 are generally Impulsive This paper is intended to introduce the influence of impulsiveness buying behavior of consumers and analyze the age disparity on the real target purchaser for Indian consumers. Objectives of Research Study 1. To assess the normality of data for the impulsive buying behavior variable. 2. To measure the discriminate power of the variable. 3. To evaluate the reliability and validity of the impulsive buying scale. 4. To analyze the age wise impulsive buying behavior of the purchaser of the anchor store, India. Development of Hypothesis H 1 : The Impulsive buying scale has internal consistency. H 2 : Each of the five items of impulsive tendency is able to discriminate between high score and low score by youth of central India. H 3 : The impulsive buying scales have content and construct validity. H 4 : Age wise significant differences in Impulsive buying behavior. Methodology To test the hypothesis questionnaires were borrowed. It includes the questions on impulsive buying. We had distributed questionnaire personally to the shopper, who are visiting the anchor store D-Mart, Reliance Mart &amp; Big Bazaar, Rajkot (Gujarat) &amp; Big Bazaar, More, Indore, India. Some respondent sent the questionnaire by mail. A total of 210 questionnaires were distributed to the age group of 18-24. From our dataset; we had removed incomplete, identical answer to all questions where we dimmed this to be a consequence of respondent fatigue become 174 samples also to make equality among defined age group, our final dataset contains 164 valid questionnaires. The data set contains similar number of responses from defined age groups. The Impulsive buying scale contains 5 items with a reverse question. Respondent were asked to indicate response on 7-point Likert-type scale. The scale was developed by shimp &amp; Sharma (1987). The developed scales were used by many researchers and found reliable and valid. 4.1Normality of variables The collected dataset was analyzed by SPSS. Mean computation and mean centric values were drawn for testing normality of data. The P-P plot was prepared and shown normality of data for Impulsive buying also the shapiro&apos;s test for Normality was also used to check the normality of the data. All the values are more than .05 which shows that data are normal. Impulsive Buying Reliability Measure The internal consistency of Impulsive buying was evaluated by Cronbach&apos;s alpha. The table-1 shows that items of impulsive buying were internal consisten

SP600125 inhibits JNK phosphorylation.

<p>Phosphorylation levels of JNK, ERK, and p38 MAPk following treatment with the inhibitor SP600125 (20 or 35 µM) or the control DMSO and 10 minutes of cyclic stretch at a rate of 0.25 Hz to a peak magnitude of 37% ΔSA normalized to stretched DMSO controls. Phosphorylation levels of all MAPks significantly increased above unstretched levels in DMSO treated wells. Both concentrations of SP600125 eliminated significant increases in JNK above unstretched levels. Stretch with a treatment of 35 µM of SP600125 resulted in significantly increased ERK phosphorylation compared to DMSO treated stretched wells. Significance is defined as p<0.05, and is depicted with (—) compared to unstretched, and (δ, lower) (*, higher) compared to DMSO treated. Representative western blots of phosphorylated and total MAPks with each treatment are also presented.</p