Customers Responses to the Emotional Labor During Service Encounters

Service employees need to exhibit positive role in emotional temperament in service encounter process to enhance employee satisfaction and customer loyalty. This study examined complex process between emotional labor, job satisfaction, word of mouth, and customer loyalty. Customer mood played as a moderating role. This study used 285 sample size of customers and services employees of banks of Bahwalpur, Pakistan. The results of our study found that employee emotional strategies of surface acting and deep acting make different impact on employee satisfaction and customer loyalty. Surface acting did not show any significant impact on customer loyalty, employee satisfaction, and word of mouth. On the other hand, employee satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between deep acting and customer loyalty, as well as fully mediation between deep acting and customer word of mouth. Meanwhile, customer mood partially moderated the relationship with different relationships. Our study is one of the rare studies to conduct empirical study in order to test the mediation and moderation relationship among emotional labor, employee satisfaction, customer word of mouth, and customer loyalty in banking sector

Use of Information Sources by Faculty Members, Research scholars and Students of the Faculty of Commerce, AMU, Aligarh: A Survey

The purpose of this study is to find out the level of use of information sources by faculty members, research scholars and students of the faculty of commerce, amu, aligarh. a structured questionnaire was administered to the faculty members, research scholars and students of the Faculty of Commerce, AMU, Aligarh. The survey reveals that the maximum number of Faculty Members as well as Research Scholars uses Journals for getting their required information, while Students prefer general books for getting their required information. After general books they consult journals as well as supervisors/seniors. It is also found that most of the Research scholars as well as the students access printed journals/periodicals in the central library while most of the faculty members personally subscribe printed journals/periodicals. It was also discovered that most of the faculty members as well as research scholars consulted Emeraldinsight.com and Science Direct.com for accessing their required information

Ventral Hernia: Causes and Management

Ventral hernia is the most common type of hernia after inguinal hernias. The term “ventral hernia” creates some confusion, because in most countries of the world, especially in Europe, it is considered as incisional hernia, while in the USA, it is usually considered as hernias of anterior abdominal wall except groin hernias. Daily in the world millions of abdominal surgeries are being performed by both open or conventional and laparoscopic techniques, with 3–20% incidence of incisional. That’s why mainly incisional hernia and its causes, risk factors, and predisposing conditions and management will be discussed in this chapter, though other ventral hernias will be described briefly. The important causes, risk factors [congenital and acquired (patients and postoperative)], and predisposing conditions for ventral hernias will be discussed in detail. The signs and symptoms produced by ventral hernia (incision) will be described initially and later, and how to investigate to confirm the diagnosis and necessary investigations before surgery for different types of patients is described. In managing the ventral hernia, different treatment options are discussed and described, like conservative management, open method, laparoscopic technique, and more advanced robotic technique. After surgery postoperative care of patient and wound is also discussed

Urban population and economic growth: South Asia perspective

Previously economic growth was generally discussed in terms of foreign direct investment (FDI), educational growth, savings, investments, inflation as well as trade openness of a nation. Very recently it has been identified that population is one of the major determinants of economic growth of a nation. In the recent years, the study of urbanization has gained a matter of concern in developing countries as it has been recognized as part of a larger process of economic development which is affecting developing countries. South Asian countries are one of the emerging economics and growing at a faster rate over the past few years. At the same time, population of South Asia is growing at a significant rate. Therefore the study has attempted to identify the causal relationship between urban population and economic growth in South Asia using a panel data analysis. The study makes use of the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP), Pesaran as well as Fisher methods for panel unit root test. The panel Pedroni cointegration test suggests that there is long run relationship between the variables. The further panel Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) suggests that there is long run causality running from urban population growth to economic growth in South Asia. The study concludes that the growth of urban population can have significant impact on economic growth in South Asia in the long run

In vitro efficacy of clinically available drugs against growth and viability of Acanthamoeba castellanii keratitis isolate belonging to the T4 genotype

The effects of clinically available drugs targeting muscarinic cholinergic, adrenergic, dopaminergic, and serotonergic receptors; intracellular calcium levels and/or the function of calcium-dependent biochemical pathways; ion channels; and cellular pumps were tested against a keratitis isolate of Acanthamoeba castellanii belonging to the T4 genotype. In vitro growth inhibition (amoebistatic) assays were performed by incubating A. castellanii with various concentrations of drugs in the growth medium for 48 h at 30°C. To determine amoebicidal effects, amoebae were incubated with drugs in phosphate-buffered saline for 24 h, and viability was determined using trypan blue exclusion staining. For controls, amoebae were incubated with the solvent alone. Of the eight drugs tested, amlodipine, prochlorperazine, and loperamide showed potent amoebicidal effects, as no viable trophozoites were observed (\u3e95% kill rate), while amiodarone, procyclidine, digoxin, and apomorphine exhibited up to 50% amoebicidal effects. In contrast, haloperidol did not affect viability, but all the drugs tested inhibited A. castellanii growth. Importantly, amlodipine, prochlorperazine, and loperamide showed compelling cysticidal effects. The cysticidal effects were irreversible, as cysts treated with the aforementioned drugs did not reemerge as viable amoebae upon inoculation in the growth medium. Except for apomorphine and haloperidol, all the tested drugs blocked trophozoite differentiation into cysts in encystation assays. Given the limited availability of effective drugs to treat amoebal infections, the clinically available drugs tested in this study represent potential agents for managing keratitis and granulomatous amoebic encephalitis caused by Acanthamoeba spp. and possibly against other meningoencephalitis-causing amoebae, such as Balamuthia mandrillaris and Naegleria fowleri

Phytochemical profiling and evaluation of modified resazurin microtiter plate assay of the roots of Trillium govanianum

Trillium govanianum Wall. ex D. Don (Melanthiaceae alt. Trilliaceae), is native to the Himalayas. The present study, for the first time, was undertaken to explore the antimicrobial potential, to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the methanol extract of the roots of Trillium govanianum and its solid phase extraction (SPE) fractions by using resazurin microtiter assay (REMA) against Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial registered strains and to carry out phytochemical analysis. The remarkable amount of gallic acid equivalent phenolic and quercetin equivalent flavonoid content was manifested by MeOH extract (20.27±3.03 mg GAE/ g DW and 9.25± 0.50 mg QE/ g DW respectively). The GC/MS analysis revealed the presence saturated and unsaturated components. Considerable level of antibacterial potential against Gram-positive bacteria (MIC: 2.5-0.009 mg/mL) than against Gram-negative bacteria (MIC: 2.5-0.165 mg/mL). The use of microtiter plates has the advantage of lower cost, fast and quantitative results

PICRIC ACID; AN ALTERNATIVE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC REAGENT FOR ESTIMATION OF EDTA SALTS

There are many reagents and techniques by which EDTA can be estimated in water as well as in Raw material. We standardized more quick and easy method for EDTA estimation. It has been reported that PA forms charge transfer complex with compounds. The stability of charge transfer complex depends upon the nature of compound, but mostly these are unstable. PA and EDTA complex show absorbance maximum at 450nm. The aim of our present study was to standardize an alternative method to estimate EDTA in water sample and in pure form by using the complex absorbance property at 450 nm. The 8,12,18,20 and 24 ppm concentration levels were prepared from standard stock solution of EDTA. PA of concentration 0.5gm in 100ml was prepared in chloroform. In each flask 1ml of PA was added and make up the volume of each flask with acetonitrile. The Standard plot was prepared by using EDTA -SALT and recorded Optical density at 450nm (Fig 01). The concentration level of PA was always high then EDTA-SALT in reaction mixture. However excess PA did not interfere at this wave length (450nm).  The EDTA alone Did not show any absorbance in the range of 220 – 400 nm, but EDTA-PA complex showed an absorbance maximum at 450nm(Fig-02).We also checked the necessary optimization factors time ,temperature  and solvent effect, which are directly or indirectly effect the stability and formation of EDTA-PA complex. Stability study of complex with time, temperature and Solvent Effect are represented respectively in Fig 03, Fig 04 and Fig 05

Perceived Barriers Towards Adoption Of Internet Banking Among Non-Metropolitan Internet Users Of Pakistan

Internet banking is a vital component of E-banking flourished rapidly in developed countries unlike developing countries. This paper provides recommendations for the banks offering internet services after examining the barriers in adoption of internet banking perceived by the active internet users living in non-metropolitan areas of Pakistan. Various, significantly perceived barriers identified by previous studies are presented after an extensive literature review in order to form a basis for developing questionnaire and comparing the findings. Data were collected from 520 customers of the banks offering internet services. The respondent’s selection criteria was being active internet user and living in non-metropolitan area of Pakistan. Findings show that the loss of personal service and one to one relationship with bankers, low perceived value of internet banking as compared to traditional banking and lack of knowledge, information are perceived to be the most significant barriers in adoption of internet banking among respondents. Unlike other studies lack of security, risk of hacking, fear of incomplete transactions and high financial risks are perceived to be moderately significant barriers. The study recommends that the banks should identify the information needs of the customers and establish the effective information channels to communicate the benefits and uses of internet banking services and develop long term relationship

Recommendations for the management of Acanthamoeba keratitis

The aim of this letter is to provide the scientific basis of the successful prognosis observed in Acanthamoeba keratitis patients in the absence of anti-Acanthamoeba agents. Patients were treated for photophobia with anticholinergics (Atropine), and for inflammation and pain, they were given topical Diclofenac sodium. The patients responded well with the aforementioned combination. It was suggested that the successful prognosis was due to suppression of the inflammation. Here, we explained that anticholinergic agent showed potent anti-amoebic effects. Thus the successful prognosis observed in AK cases were not merely due to regulation of the inflammatory process, but were most likely due to amoebicidal effects of anticholinergic agent