Using system dynamics for collaborative design: a case study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In order to facilitate the collaborative design, system dynamics (SD) with a group modelling approach was used in the early stages of planning a new stroke unit. During six workshops a SD model was created in a multiprofessional group.</p> <p>Aim</p> <p>To explore to which extent and how the use of system dynamics contributed to the collaborative design process.</p> <p>Method</p> <p>A case study was conducted using several data sources.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>SD supported a collaborative design, by facilitating an explicit description of stroke care process, a dialogue and a joint understanding. The construction of the model obliged the group to conceptualise the stroke care and experimentation with the model gave the opportunity to reflect on care.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>SD facilitated the collaborative design process and should be integrated in the early stages of the design process as a quality improvement tool.</p

Oral health and experience of oral care among cancer patients during radio- or chemotherapy

Oral complications and symptoms are common among patients with cancer. The aim of this thesis is to study several aspects of oral status, oral health and its relation to quality of life, and oral care among patients treated with radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Descriptive, comparative and correlational designs were used. A series of consecutive patients admitted to a university hospital or a regional hospital to receive radiotherapy for head and neck cancer or chemotherapy for haematological malignancies, were studied prospectively with regard to oral symptoms and their relation to health-related quality of life using interviews and questionnaires, examination of the oral cavity and saliva tests. All nurses and enrolled nurses who worked with these patients or with patients with lung cancer were interviewed about their education and knowledge in oral care and performed oral care. The medical and nursing records on patients with these cancer diseases at the two hospitals were reviewed. The results indicate that patients receiving radiotherapy experienced increasing oral symptoms, which remained to a large extent one month after treatment. Patients receiving chemotherapy did not experience oral symptoms to the same extent. The oral symptoms were significantly related to patients' health-related quality of life, particularly among those receiving radiotherapy. Data also indicate that there is a lack of adequate education and continuing education in oral care among nursing staff. All patients were not examined orally before or during treatment, nor did they receive sufficient information or instruction related to oral hygiene. Patient compliance with oral hygiene procedures was acceptable, although some patients reported difficulties. Oral status and oral care were insufficiently documented, particularly in nursing records. The attitudes to oral examination and discussion on oral hygiene differed between nursing staff and patients. Nursing staff objected to examining the oral cavity referring to patient integrity. This was not considered as a hindrance among patients. In conclusion, oral health is related to health-related quality of life, which motivates a multi-disciplinary approach to oral care

A common European Curriculum for Dental Hygiene ‐ Domain I: Professionalism

This position paper outlines the areas of competence and learning outcomes of the Common European Curriculum for Dental Hygiene (CECDH) that specifically relate to Professionalism. Professionalism is a commitment to a set of values, behaviours and relationships, which underpin the trust that the public hold in Dental Care Professionals. Shortcomings within this domain are often responsible for patient dissatisfaction, concern and complaint—and emphasis is placed on the importance of embedding these values from an early stage within the curriculum

A common European Curriculum for Dental Hygiene ‐ Domain I: Professionalism

This position paper outlines the areas of competence and learning outcomes of the Common European Curriculum for Dental Hygiene (CECDH) that specifically relate to Professionalism. Professionalism is a commitment to a set of values, behaviours and relationships, which underpin the trust that the public hold in Dental Care Professionals. Shortcomings within this domain are often responsible for patient dissatisfaction, concern and complaint—and emphasis is placed on the importance of embedding these values from an early stage within the curriculum

A common European Curriculum for Dental Hygiene ‐ Domain II: Safe and Effective Clinical Practice

This position paper outlines the areas of competence and learning outcomes of the Common European Curriculum for Dental Hygiene (CECDH) that specifically relate to Safe and Effective Clinical Practice. Dental hygienists are required to ensure that they are capable of providing safe and appropriate care for their patients, whilst operating effectively within a wider team. The care provided should be based on contemporaneous evidence wherever possible, and the quality of care and the management systems that underpin it should be regularly audited and improved

Attitudes to dental care, Sweden 2003-2013, and clinical correlates of oral health-related quality of life in 2013

Objective: To investigate attitudes to dental care, and to assess possible associations with socio‐economic and clinical variables over a period of ten years, and to investigate the association between OHRQoL assessed by oral impact on daily performance (OIDP), and socio‐economic, dental care habits, smoking and oral status. Materials and methods: Cross‐sectional studies performed in the county of Dalarna, Sweden, in 2003, 2008 and 2013. Random samples of 1,107‐1,115 dentate individuals, aged 30‐85 years, who answered a questionnaire and who were radiographically and clinically examined were included. Results: The importance of preventive treatment, regular recalls and meeting the same caregiver as on previous visits became less important. In individuals with alveolar bone loss, meeting the same caregiver as on previous visits was important (P&lt;.05). In individuals with manifest caries, information on treatment cost was important, while prevention became less important (P&lt;.05). OIDP was reported by 31% of the individuals in the study, and frequent impact was reported by 10%. Individuals with manifest caries lesions, less than 20 remaining teeth, and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) reported OIDP to a significantly higher degree, compared to orally healthy individuals. Conclusion: Attitudes important in maintaining and improving good oral health, such as preventive care and regular recalls to dentistry, became less important during this period of 10 years. Oral impact was found to be associated with irregular dental visits and limited economy for dental care, individuals with less than 20 remaining teeth, TMD and manifest caries

A common European curriculum for Dental Hygiene – Domain IV: Oral health in Society

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