Application du MBSA avec AltaRica 3.0 dans un cadre système de systèmes pour le transport autonome

National audienceUn système de mobilité autonome et multimodale, classiquement vu comme un système de systèmes (SdS), implique plusieurs systèmes : e.g. des voitures et navettes autonomes et connectés, des équipements d’infrastructures routières connectés, des centres de téléopération, etc. De tels systèmes doivent interagir ensemble afin d’assurer une mission principale de transport de personnes. L’étude de la sûreté de fonctionnement d’un tel SdS est des plus importantes. D’une part car elle implique l’évaluation de la sûreté des véhicules autonomes, qui représente un véritable défi technologique en soit. D’autre part car les interactions entre ces différents systèmes multiplient les potentiels dysfonctionnements. L’utilisation d’une approche dite basée modèles (MBSA), sous-entendues modèles de ‘haut-niveau’ proches des architectures fonctionnelles et organiques, rencontre une attention de plus en plus forte. Le langage AltaRica 3.0 est une telle solution MBSA. Cette publication montre l’utilisation de ce langage pour évaluer la sûreté de fonctionnement de ce SdS. Le modèle AltaRica 3.0 est construit en fonction d’événements redoutés issus d’une analyse préliminaire de risques et des architectures fonctionnelles et organiques du SdS. Ce modèle permet ensuite d’analyser les coupes minimales et leurs taux d’occurrences, en fonction de critères d’évaluation de sûreté spécifiés (ordre, taux d’occurrence, etc.)

Formal System and Safety Design of a System of Systems: a proof of concepts

International audienceA multi-modal mobility solution for users involves several systems interacting all together. Such combination of several different systems is classically called a system of systems. It is designed according to a set requirements, not totally congruent. For this publication we present the design of such a multi-modal mobility solution using different autonomous vehicles communicating with their environment, e.g. traffic signals or GPS, a remote control center, etc. This design was realized by using a classical architectural process: from the definition of operational requirements, based on stakeholders’ needs, to the design of the functional and physical architectures. For the design of both functional and physical architectures, we used several formal tools (e.g. BPMN, Maude, Uppaal) to ensure the correction of the models, during creation. Requirements are also checked on these models. The design and assessment of the safety requirements were also realized with a formal approach by using the AltaRica 3.0 technology. According to the safety requirements and the models of the functional and physical architectures, the AltaRica 3.0 models were designed. The evaluation of the safety requirements, translated to safety performance indicators, were checked on these AltaRica 3.0 models. Results of our works are a proof of concept of the use of a formal approach to design such a system of systems of a multi-modal mobility solution. By using formal tools, we insured a greater confidence on the correction of the designed models

Formal System and Safety Design of a System of Systems: a proof of concepts

International audienceA multi-modal mobility solution for users involves several systems interacting all together. Such combination of several different systems is classically called a system of systems. It is designed according to a set requirements, not totally congruent. For this publication we present the design of such a multi-modal mobility solution using different autonomous vehicles communicating with their environment, e.g. traffic signals or GPS, a remote control center, etc. This design was realized by using a classical architectural process: from the definition of operational requirements, based on stakeholders’ needs, to the design of the functional and physical architectures. For the design of both functional and physical architectures, we used several formal tools (e.g. BPMN, Maude, Uppaal) to ensure the correction of the models, during creation. Requirements are also checked on these models. The design and assessment of the safety requirements were also realized with a formal approach by using the AltaRica 3.0 technology. According to the safety requirements and the models of the functional and physical architectures, the AltaRica 3.0 models were designed. The evaluation of the safety requirements, translated to safety performance indicators, were checked on these AltaRica 3.0 models. Results of our works are a proof of concept of the use of a formal approach to design such a system of systems of a multi-modal mobility solution. By using formal tools, we insured a greater confidence on the correction of the designed models

Contribution à la sécurisation du véhicule autonome: Modélisation comportementale avec AltaRica

International audienc

Autonomous Driving System : Model Based Safety Analysis

International audienceThe desire to introduce autonomous vehicles by 2020 on the roads represents a real technological challenge. It requires breaks with traditional design, security and validation processes to achieve a safe system. As part of the SVA 1 (Simulation of Autonomous Vehicle Safety) project, we present the process under development at the Institute for Technological Research SystemX 2 , in order to optimally address the limitations of existing methods. The objective is to provide designers methods and tools to support safety considerations during the design and the validation phases of autonomous vehicles functions. In this paper, we apply a Model Based Safety Analysis methodology (MBSA) to an Advanced Driver-Assistance System (ADAS), using a modular numerical simulation platform. We describe the different activities carried out during each stage and define the associated objectives. Experimental simulation results are presented, showing the advantages of such approach

Antibiorésistance : outils pour une recherche translationnelle efficace

La crise qui résulte de la montée des résistances bactériennes menace la santé humaine, animale et environnementale. L’impact sanitaire et économique de la crise est massif. Alors que l’alerte est largement donnée et que des mécanismes et des programmes d’aide à l’innovation pour lutter contre l’antibiorésistance ont été mis en place, force est de constater que les nouveaux produits antibiotiques proposés n’arrivent pas à trouver une rentabilité économique leur permettant d’atteindre le marché et d’être au service des patients et de la communauté. Par ailleurs, il est nécessaire de développer des outils/indicateurs pour définir les interventions probantes en matière de lutte contre l’antibiorésistance. Les travaux de réflexion relatés dans cet article sont concentrés sur ces deux aspects de la recherche translationnelle : – la prévention et l’impact en santé de la problématique antibiorésistance, et – les spécificités de la recherche clinique pour innover en matière de lutte contre l’antibiorésistance. Cet article, issu des réflexions d’un groupe d’experts français, propose des solutions directement opérationnelles qui pourraient être mises en place rapidement et transformer radicalement la qualité et la quantité de nos moyens de lutte

Antibiotic resistance: Tools for effective translational research

The rising emergence of bacterial resistances has led to a crisis which threatens human, animal and environmental health. The impact of the emergency is enormous in terms of public health and economics. Although there is a global awareness of the warnings and programmes supporting innovative actions to combat fight against antibiotic resistance, it must be admitted that proposed new antibiotics fail to find the economic profitability necessary for them to reach the market and become available for patients and the community. Moreover, it is necessary to develop tools/indicators to define effective interventions against antibiotic resistance. The work of the think-tank reported in this article concentrated on two aspects of translational research: - prevention and the impact on health of the antibiotic resistance issue, and - the specific requirements of clinical research leading to innovation in the fight against antibiotic resistance. This article, which reflects the thoughts of a group of French experts, proposes directly operational solutions which could be rapidly implemented and radically transform the quality and quantity of our resources available for the combat

Incidence, predictors and clinical impact of electrical storm in patients with left ventricular assist devices: new insights from the ASSIST-ICD study

International audienceBackground - Ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) can occur after continuous flow left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation as a single arrhythmic event or as electrical storm (ES) with multiple repetitive VA episodes. Objective - We aimed at analyzing the incidence, predictors, and clinical impact of ES in LVAD recipients. Methods - Patients analyzed were those included in the multicenter ASSIST-ICD observational study. ES was consensually defined as occurrence of ≥3 separate episodes of sustained VAs within a 24-hour interval. Results - Of 652 patients with an LVAD, 61 (9%) presented ES during a median follow-up period of 9.1 (interquartile range [IQR] 2.5-22.1) months. The first ES occurred after 17 (IQR 4.0-56.2) days post LVAD implantation, most of them during the first month after the device implantation (63%). The incidence then tended to decrease during the initial years of follow-up and increased again after the third year post LVAD implantation. History of VAs before LVAD implantation and heart failure duration > 84 months were independent predictors of ES. The occurrence of ES was associated with an increased early mortality since 20 patients (33%) died within the first 2 weeks of ES. Twenty-two patients (36.1%) presented at least 1 recurrence of ES, occurring 43.0 (IQR 8.0-69.0) days after the initial ES. Patients experiencing ES had a significantly lower 1-year survival rate than did those free from ES (log-rank, P = .039). Conclusion - There is a significant incidence of ES in patients with an LVAD. The short-term mortality after ES is high, and one-third of patients will die within 15 days. Whether radiofrequency ablation of arrhythmias improves outcomes would require further studies