5 research outputs found
Localization of massive fermions on the baby-skyrmion branes in 6 dimensions
We construct brane solutions in 6 dimensional Einstein-Skyrme systems. A
class of baby skyrmion solutions realizes warped compactification of the extra
dimensions and gravity localization on the brane for negative bulk cosmological
constant. Coupling of the fermions with the brane skyrmions lead to the brane
localized fermions. In terms of the level crossing picture, emergence of the
massive localized modes as well as the zero mode are observed. Nonlinear nature
of the skyrmions brings richer information for the fermions level structure.
The level comprises doubly degenerate lowest plus single excited modes. The
three generation of the fundamental fermions is based on this structure. The
quark/lepton mass hierarchy is successfully obtained in terms of a slightly
deformed baby-skyrmions with topological charge three.Comment: 16 pages, 17 figures. One figure added, some points clarified,
references improved. Version accepted for publicatio
Localizing gravity on Maxwell gauged CP1 model in six dimensions
We shall consider about a 3-brane embedded in six-dimensional space-time with
a negative bulk cosmological constant. The 3-brane is constructed by a
topological soliton solution living in two-dimensional axially symmetric
transverse subspace. Similar to most previous works of six-dimensional soliton
models, our Maxwell gauged CP1 brane model can also achieve to localize gravity
around the 3-brane. The CP1 field is described by a scalar doublet and derived
from O(3) sigma model by projecting it onto two-dimensional complex space. In
that sense, our framework is more effective than other solitonic brane models
concerning with gauge theory. We shall also discuss about linear stability
analysis for our new model by fluctuating all fields.Comment: 23 pages, 7 figures; references adde
Recommended from our members
M‐PAST score is better than MAST score for the diagnosis of active fibrotic nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
BackgroundClinical trials enroll patients with active fibrotic nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD] activity score ≥ 4) and significant fibrosis (F ≥ 2); however, screening failure rates are high following biopsy. We developed new scores to identify active fibrotic NASH using FibroScan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodsWe undertook prospective primary (n = 176), retrospective validation (n = 169), and University of California San Diego (UCSD; n = 234) studies of liver biopsy-proven NAFLD. Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) using FibroScan or magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), or proton density fat fraction (PDFF), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were combined to develop a two-step strategy-FibroScan-based LSM followed by CAP with AST (F-CAST) and MRE-based LSM followed by PDFF with AST (M-PAST)-and compared with FibroScan-AST (FAST) and MRI-AST (MAST) for diagnosing active fibrotic NASH. Each model was categorized using rule-in and rule-out criteria.ResultsAreas under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs) of F-CAST (0.826) and M-PAST (0.832) were significantly higher than those of FAST (0.744, p = 0.004) and MAST (0.710, p < 0.001). Following the rule-in criteria, positive predictive values of F-CAST (81.8%) and M-PAST (81.8%) were higher than those of FAST (73.5%) and MAST (70.0%). Following the rule-out criteria, negative predictive values of F-CAST (90.5%) and M-PAST (90.9%) were higher than those of FAST (84.0%) and MAST (73.9%). In the validation and UCSD cohorts, AUROCs did not differ significantly between F-CAST and FAST, but M-PAST had a higher diagnostic performance than MAST.ConclusionsThe two-step strategy, especially M-PAST, showed reliability of rule-in/-out for active fibrotic NASH, with better predictive performance compared with MAST. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (number, UMIN000012757)