114 research outputs found
INHIBICIÓN DE ASPERGILLUS NÍGER EN LA PRODUCCIÓN DE AFLATOXINA B1
Se estudió la inhibición de una toxina fúngica mediante la interacción de hongos del Género Aspergillus. La interacción tuvo lugar en medio sólido (Gy - Agar), cuando se agregaron diferentes proporciones de suspensiones conidiales de Aspergillus flavus y Aspergillus níger a una misma placa de Petri y se incubó por espacio de una semana. Luego de una semana de incubación en el medio sólido a 28 °C y en oscuridad, Aspergillus flavus (productor de aflatoxina B1 ) y Aspergillus níger mostraron diferentes tasa de crecimiento. Se pudo observar tanto macro como microscópicamente que la tasa de crecimiento de conidiación de A.níger fue siempre mayor que la de A. flavus. A las placas incubadas con diferentes proporciones conidiales se les determinó la presencia de Aflatoxina B1 (AFB), por cromatografia de capa fina (TLC). Para determinadas relaciones inoculadas, se comprobó la ausencia de la toxina (AFB), lo cual nos estaría indicando un mecanismo natural inhibitorio de Aspergillus níger sobre cepas de A. flavus fuertemente productoras de AF
Inhibición de Aspergillus Niger en la producción de aflatoxina B.
Se estudió la inhibición de una toxina fúngica mediante la interacción de hongos del
Género
As
pergillus
. La interacción tuvo lugar en medio sólido (Gy
–
Agar), cuando
se agregaron diferentes proporciones de suspensiones conidiales de
Aspergillus
flavus
y
Aspergillus níger
a una misma placa de Petri y se incubó por espacio de una
semana.
Luego de
una semana de incubación en el medio sólido a 28 ºC y en
oscuridad,
Aspergillus flavus
(productor de aflatoxina B
1
) y
Aspergillus níger
mostraron diferentes tasa de crecimiento. Se pudo observar tanto macro como
microscópicamente que la tasa de crecim
iento de conidiación de
A.níger
fue siempre
mayor que la de
A. flavus
. A las placas incubadas con diferentes proporciones
conidiales se les determinó la presencia de Aflatoxina B
1
(AFB
1
),
por cromatografía
de capa fina (TLC). Para determinadas relacion
es inoculadas, se comprobó la
ausencia de la toxina (AFB
1
), lo cual nos estaría indicando un mecanismo natural
inhibitorio de
Aspergillus níger sobre cepas de
A. flavusfuertemente productoras de AFB 1
Inhibición de Aspergillus Niger en la producción de aflatoxina B.
Se estudió la inhibición de una toxina fúngica mediante la interacción de hongos del
Género
As
pergillus
. La interacción tuvo lugar en medio sólido (Gy
–
Agar), cuando
se agregaron diferentes proporciones de suspensiones conidiales de
Aspergillus
flavus
y
Aspergillus níger
a una misma placa de Petri y se incubó por espacio de una
semana.
Luego de
una semana de incubación en el medio sólido a 28 ºC y en
oscuridad,
Aspergillus flavus
(productor de aflatoxina B
1
) y
Aspergillus níger
mostraron diferentes tasa de crecimiento. Se pudo observar tanto macro como
microscópicamente que la tasa de crecim
iento de conidiación de
A.níger
fue siempre
mayor que la de
A. flavus
. A las placas incubadas con diferentes proporciones
conidiales se les determinó la presencia de Aflatoxina B
1
(AFB
1
),
por cromatografía
de capa fina (TLC). Para determinadas relacion
es inoculadas, se comprobó la
ausencia de la toxina (AFB
1
), lo cual nos estaría indicando un mecanismo natural
inhibitorio de
Aspergillus níger
sobre cepas de
A. flavus
fuertemente productoras de
AF
Impact of Procedure Manual in a Cleaning Company
This project is developed in a cleaning company, which we will call "Clean Express" to maintain the anonymity of the same, said company is located Boca del Rio, Veracruz, Mexico.
According to Gido in 2012, the case study company has a functional type structure because the departments group the areas
El Embargo económico como instrumento político caso Estados Unidos - Libia
Tesis (Licenciatura en Diplomacia y Relaciones Internacionales)--Universidad Americana, Managua, 2005La investigación no se centra únicamente en la sanción y en su validez intrínseca sino también por su aplicación extraterritorial que afecta a los intereses de las empresas que no están involucrados en la sanción. Se analiza más a fondo para dar a conocer que el embargo en sí, es un instrumento de política exterior por parte de las potencias más desarrolladas militar y económicamente, en contra de países menos desarrollados; con el objetivo de estrangularlo económicamente y obligar al gobierno de ese país a cumplir ciertas condiciones específicas. Siendo el embargo un factor más negativo que positivo, trayendo consigo consecuencias devastadoras para la población, que en la mayoría de los casos es la que lleva consigo la mayor parte. Para poder mejorar las Relaciones Internacionales de los estados, suprimiendo dichas sanciones Económicas, encontrando soluciones satisfactorias en base a la legitimidad del Derecho Internacional, que se protejan los Derechos Humanos y se proceda en base a la Normativa del Derecho Diplomático
Cardiac risk factors and risk scores vs cardiac computed tomography angiography: a prospective cohort study for triage of ED patients with acute chest pain.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study is to evaluate cardiac risk factors and risk scores for prediction of coronary artery disease (CAD) and adverse outcomes in an emergency department (ED) population judged to be at low to intermediate risk for acute coronary syndrome.
METHODS: Informed consent was obtained from consecutive ED patients who presented with chest pain and were evaluated with coronary computed tomography angiography (cCTA). Cardiac risk factors, clinical presentation, electrocardiogram, and laboratory studies were recorded; the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) and Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) scores were tabulated. Coronary computed tomography angiography findings were rated on a 6-level plaque burden scale and classified for significant CAD (stenosis ≥50%). Adverse cardiovascular outcomes were recorded at 30 days.
RESULTS: Among 250 patients evaluated by cCTA, 143 (57%) had no CAD, 64 (26%) demonstrated minimal plaque (70% stenosis). Six patients developed adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Among traditional cardiac risk factors, only age (older) and sex (male) were significant independent predictors of CAD. Correlation with CAD was poor for the TIMI (r = 0.12) and GRACE (r = 0.09-0.23) scores. The TIMI and GRACE scores were not useful to predict adverse outcomes. Coronary computed tomography angiography identified severe CAD in all subjects with adverse outcomes.
CONCLUSION: Among ED patients who present with chest pain judged to be at low to intermediate risk for acute coronary syndrome, traditional risk factors are not useful to stratify risk for CAD and adverse outcomes. Coronary computed tomography angiography is an excellent predictor of CAD and outcome
Effects of tobacco smoke and electronic cigarette vapor exposure on the oral and gut microbiota in humans: a pilot study
Background: The use of electronic cigarettes (ECs) has increased drastically over the past five years, primarily as an alternative to smoking tobacco cigarettes. However, the adverse effects of acute and long-term use of ECs on the microbiota have not been explored. In this pilot study, we sought to determine if ECs or tobacco smoking are associated with differences in the oral and gut microbiota, in comparison to non-smoking controls.
Methods: We examined a human cohort consisting of 30 individuals: 10 EC users, 10 tobacco smokers, and 10 controls. We collected cross-sectional fecal, buccal swabs, and saliva samples from each participant. All samples underwent V4 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
Results: Tobacco smokers had significantly different bacterial profiles in all sample types when compared to controls, and in feces and buccal swabs when compared to EC users. The most significant associations were found in the gut, with a higher relative abundance of Prevotella (P = 0.006) and lowered Bacteroides (P = 0.036) in tobacco smokers. The Shannon diversity was also significantly reduced (P = 0.009) in fecal samples collected from tobacco smokers compared to controls. No significant difference was found in the alpha diversity, beta-diversity or taxonomic relative abundances between EC users and controls.
Discussion: The current pilot data demonstrate that tobacco smoking is associated with signicant differences in the oral and gut microbiome in humans. However, validation in larger cohorts and greater understanding of the short and long-term impact of EC use on microbiota composition and function is warranted
Secondary defects detected by transmission electron microscopy in primary ciliary dyskinesia diagnostics
Hydrocephalus and diffuse choroid plexus hyperplasia in primary ciliary dyskinesia-related MCIDAS mutation
OBJECTIVE: To report a neuroradiologic phenotype associated with reduced generation of multiple motile cilia (RGMC) and mutations in the multicilin gene. We hypothesize that the observed phenotype may reflect the emerging role that ependymal cilia play in regulating CSF production. METHOD: Clinical and radiologic records were retrospectively reviewed for 7 consecutive patients diagnosed by the Leicester UK national primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) diagnostic laboratory. RESULTS: On MRI scanning, all patients demonstrated hydrocephalus, choroid plexus hyperplasia (CPH), and arachnoid cysts. No patient had any sign of neurologic deficit. All patients had significant lung disease. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that there is a high incidence of hydrocephalus, arachnoid cysts, and CPH in MCIDAS-associated RGMC. In all cases, the observed hydrocephalus seems arrested in childhood without progression or adverse neurologic sequelae. Our new observation of CPH, which is associated with CSF overproduction, is the first macroscopic evidence that ependymal cilia may be involved in the regulation of CSF production and flow. We suggest that brain imaging should be performed in all cases of RGMC and that a diagnosis of PCD or RGMC be strongly considered in patients with unexplained hydrocephalus and a lifelong “wet”-sounding cough
Hydrocephalus and diffuse choroid plexus hyperplasia in primary ciliary dyskinesia-related MCIDAS mutation
Objective: To report a neuroradiologic phenotype associated with reduced generation of multiple motile cilia (RGMC) and mutations in the multicilin gene. We hypothesize that the observed phenotype may reflect the emerging role that ependymal cilia play in regulating CSF production.
Method: Clinical and radiologic records were retrospectively reviewed for 7 consecutive patients diagnosed by the Leicester UK national primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) diagnostic laboratory.
Results: On MRI scanning, all patients demonstrated hydrocephalus, choroid plexus hyperplasia (CPH), and arachnoid cysts. No patient had any sign of neurologic deficit. All patients had significant lung disease.
Conclusions: We conclude that there is a high incidence of hydrocephalus, arachnoid cysts, and CPH in MCIDAS-associated RGMC. In all cases, the observed hydrocephalus seems arrested in childhood without progression or adverse neurologic sequelae. Our new observation of CPH, which is associated with CSF overproduction, is the first macroscopic evidence that ependymal cilia may be involved in the regulation of CSF production and flow. We suggest that brain imaging should be performed in all cases of RGMC and that a diagnosis of PCD or RGMC be strongly considered in patients with unexplained hydrocephalus and a lifelong “wet”-sounding cough
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