2,560 research outputs found
The evolving low-cost business model: Network implications of fare bundling and connecting flights in Europe
In a context of limited organic growth, some low-cost airlines have considered business strategies that are changing two key principles of the low-cost airline business model: fare unbundling and point-to-point operations. Using a multivariate analysis we identify the influence of several route characteristics on the share that European pure low-cost and hybrid low-cost carriers have on the routes they operate. Results show that, from a network perspective, the distance between the archetypical low-cost carrier business model and the adapted low-cost carrier business model with a hybrid approach is widening. Differences are also clear between hybrids offering connecting services and hybrids offering fare bundling. The results are also important from an airport policy perspective, since secondary airports and legacy airports in transition could be able to reduce the gap between them and the main hub airports
Phylogenetic relationships of the newly discovered sexual state of Talaromyces flavovirens, comb. nov.
Typical Talaromyces ascomata were observed on dry Quercus suber leaf litter amongst the characteristic synnemata of Penicillium aureocephalum, and they appear to represent the sexual state of the latter species. The species is a synonym of the older Lasioderma flavovirens, and we propose the new combination Talaromyces flavovirens. Lectotype and epitype specimens are designated for this name. The defining characters of the asexual state include yellow, short-stalked, mycetozoan-like synnemata with an unusual, almost closed terminal head of penicillate conidiophores intermixed with sinuous hyphae, and dark green conidia. Ascomata could not be induced in culture, but PCR amplifications of mating-type genes indicate the species is heterothallic. In nature, ascocarp initials appear to be antheridia coiled around clavate ascogonia, similar to those of T. flavus, and the thick-walled, spiny ascospores are also similar to those of T. flavus. ITS barcodes and β-tubulin sequences place T. flavovirens in a clade with T. apiculatus, T. flavus, T. funiculosus, T. galapagensis, T. pinophilus, T. macrosporus, and seven other species
Comunicación interna y su relación con el clima organizacional en la empresa de transporte Transmar, Lambayeque 2022
La investigación realizada tuvo como objetivo principal determinar la relación de la
comunicación interna y clima organizacional de la empresa de transporte Transmar
de Lambayeque, se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo, el estudio es de tipo descriptivo,
correlacional, con diseño no experimental, se consideró a toda la población de
estudio 32 colaboradores, no fue necesario algún tipo de muestreo, se aplicó una
encuesta, con dos cuestionarios como instrumento debidamente validados por el
juicio de expertos y se verifico su confiabilidad con el alfa de Cronbach, se utilizó
Shapiro-Wilk en la prueba de normalidad determinado usar la Rho de Spearman.
Los resultados, se identificó que, la comunicación interna en los trabajadores es
regular, en los tipos de comunicación 43.8%, en los medios de comunicación
interna 65.6% y en las formas de comunicación es 46.9% lo califican como regular.;
en el clima organizacional, se identificó por la mayoría de trabajadores como regular
En las dimensiones de autorrealización, condiciones laborales es regular y en el
involucramiento laboral, supervisión, comunicación califican como buena. Se
concluye que existe relación entre comunicación interna y el clima organizacional
la relación es significativa positiva, cuya fuera de relación es 0.640
An overview of treatment options for patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma and renal impairment
Renal impairment (RI) is a relatively common complication of multiple myeloma, which increases in frequency as disease becomes more advanced and recovery of renal function becomes less likely as patients progress through lines of therapy. Clinical trials in the relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) setting have not uniformly included patients with RI or robustly reported their outcomes. Here, we review existing data among patients with RI and RRMM across drug classes (including immunomodulatory agents, proteasome inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies, and exportin-1 inhibitor) to provide an improved understanding of available treatment options for this important population. We highlight data from pivotal clinical trials, including data relating to renal response (as defined by the International Myeloma Working Group) and discuss real-world experiences in patients with RI, where applicable. Despite substantial advances in RRMM treatment, the presence of RI remains associated with reduced overall survival. Consistent inclusion of patients with RI, and uniform reporting of their outcomes, should be encouraged in future prospective trials of treatments for RRMM
A chromosomally integrated bacteriophage in invasive meningococci
Cerebrospinal meningitis is a feared disease that can cause the death of a previously healthy individual within hours. Paradoxically, the causative agent, Neisseria meningitidis, is a common inhabitant of the human nasopharynx, and as such, may be considered a normal, commensal organism. Only in a small proportion of colonized people do the bacteria invade the bloodstream, from where they can cross the blood–brain barrier to cause meningitis. Furthermore, most meningococcal disease is caused by bacteria belonging to only a few of the phylogenetic groups among the large number that constitute the population structure of this genetically variable organism. However, the genetic basis for the differences in pathogenic potential remains elusive. By performing whole genome comparisons of a large collection of meningococcal isolates of defined pathogenic potential we brought to light a meningococcal prophage present in disease-causing bacteria. The phage, of the filamentous family, excises from the chromosome and is secreted from the bacteria via the type IV pilin secretin. Therefore, this element, by spreading among the population, may promote the development of new epidemic clones of N. meningitidis that are capable of breaking the normal commensal relationship with humans and causing invasive disease
Statistical significance and sports medicine trials
Objectives: Lowering the threshold for statistical significance in medical research from a P value of .05 to .005 was recently proposed to reduce misinterpretation of study results. What effect this proposal would have on orthopaedic sports medicine literature is currently unclear.Research Question/Hypothesis: We seek to determine how the newly proposed threshold could affect the interpretation of previously published sports medicine RCTs.Methods: We searched PubMed from January 01, 2016 to December 31, 2017 for RCTs published in the American Journal of Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, and Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. We extracted P value data for primary endpoints, since RCTs are most often powered for these endpoints. We used Google Forms for data extraction and STATA 13.1 for the data analysis.Results: Of the 159 studies, only 13 (8%) of the studies have endpoints in which all P values are below the new threshold of .005. 40 (25%) of the studies have endpoints in which some would meet the new P value threshold of .005, and some would not meet this new threshold. 106 (67%) of the studies have no endpoints in which the P value(s) was less than .005. Overall, 38% (59/157) of the previously statistically significant primary endpoints were less than .005, while 62% (98/157) would be reclassified as suggestive.Conclusions: Of statistically significant endpoints in our sample, only 17% (59/350) would maintain their statistical significance with a P value threshold of less than .005, and only 8% of studies would maintain their overall significance with all P values falling below the new threshold
Is your training service resilient and postured to support organisational sustainment?
Organisations increasingly invest in resilience to better deal with future uncertainties and change. An organisation’s training service is one of the critical ingredients of this effort. However, its role in posturing organisational sustainment in a volatile operational environment and organisational resilience-building effort is rarely considered in its own right and often overlooked. This paper reports developing, verifying, and validating a new survey instrument for assessing the resilience performance of the organisation’s training systems. The instrument is based on six resilience attributes juxtaposing organisational ability and capacity to allow management to compare its resilience expectations with the actual resilience and make trade- off decisions. The efficacy of the training service policy is also considered to enable appropriate attribution of the survey findings to the training policy issues or its poor implementation. The survey incorporated a robust mixed-method, multi-attribute and multi- perspective approach that has been applied extensively with 1,403 respondents from more than 20 military training establishments over three years. This research provides organisational leadership with a focused diagnostic instrument in their training aspects’ performance against resilience metrics, where such training aspects are often a dynamic enabler for change and, thus, overall organisational sustainability and evolutionary competitiveness
PRAXIS: low thermal emission high efficiency OH suppressed fibre spectrograph
PRAXIS is a second generation instrument that follows on from GNOSIS, which
was the first instrument using fibre Bragg gratings for OH background
suppression. The Bragg gratings reflect the NIR OH lines while being
transparent to light between the lines. This gives a much higher signal-noise
ratio at low resolution but also at higher resolutions by removing the
scattered wings of the OH lines. The specifications call for high throughput
and very low thermal and detector noise so that PRAXIS will remain sky noise
limited. The optical train is made of fore-optics, an IFU, a fibre bundle, the
Bragg grating unit, a second fibre bundle and a spectrograph. GNOSIS used the
pre-existing IRIS2 spectrograph while PRAXIS will use a new spectrograph
specifically designed for the fibre Bragg grating OH suppression and optimised
for 1470 nm to 1700 nm (it can also be used in the 1090 nm to 1260 nm band by
changing the grating and refocussing). This results in a significantly higher
transmission due to high efficiency coatings, a VPH grating at low incident
angle and low absorption glasses. The detector noise will also be lower.
Throughout the PRAXIS design special care was taken at every step along the
optical path to reduce thermal emission or stop it leaking into the system.
This made the spectrograph design challenging because practical constraints
required that the detector and the spectrograph enclosures be physically
separate by air at ambient temperature. At present, the instrument uses the
GNOSIS fibre Bragg grating OH suppression unit. We intend to soon use a new OH
suppression unit based on multicore fibre Bragg gratings which will allow
increased field of view per fibre. Theoretical calculations show that the gain
in interline sky background signal-noise ratio over GNOSIS may very well be as
high as 9 with the GNOSIS OH suppression unit and 17 with the multicore fibre
OH suppression unit.Comment: SPIE conference proceedings 915
A search for supernova-like optical counterparts to ASKAP-localised Fast Radio Bursts
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-scale radio pulses, which originate
in distant galaxies and are produced by unknown sources. The mystery remains
partially because of the typical difficulty in localising FRBs to host
galaxies. Accurate localisations delivered by the Commensal Real-time ASKAP
Fast Transients (CRAFT) survey now provide an opportunity to study the host
galaxies and potential transient counterparts of FRBs at a large range of
wavelengths. In this work, we investigate whether the first three FRBs
accurately localised by CRAFT have supernova-like transient counterparts. We
obtained two sets of imaging epochs with the Very Large Telescope for three
host galaxies, one soon after the burst detection and one several months later.
After subtracting these images no optical counterparts were identified in the
associated FRB host galaxies, so we instead place limits on the brightness of
any potential optical transients. A Monte Carlo approach, in which supernova
light curves were modelled and their base properties randomised, was used to
estimate the probability of a supernova associated with each FRB going
undetected. We conclude that Type Ia and IIn supernovae are unlikely to
accompany every apparently non-repeating FRB.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures. Accepted to Astronomy & Astrophysics on 03 June
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The Kepler-10 planetary system revisited by HARPS-N: A hot rocky world and a solid Neptune-mass planet
Kepler-10b was the first rocky planet detected by the Kepler satellite and
con- firmed with radial velocity follow-up observations from Keck-HIRES. The
mass of the planet was measured with a precision of around 30%, which was
insufficient to constrain models of its internal structure and composition in
detail. In addition to Kepler-10b, a second planet transiting the same star
with a period of 45 days was sta- tistically validated, but the radial
velocities were only good enough to set an upper limit of 20 Mearth for the
mass of Kepler-10c. To improve the precision on the mass for planet b, the
HARPS-N Collaboration decided to observe Kepler-10 intensively with the HARPS-N
spectrograph on the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo on La Palma. In to- tal, 148
high-quality radial-velocity measurements were obtained over two observing
seasons. These new data allow us to improve the precision of the mass
determina- tion for Kepler-10b to 15%. With a mass of 3.33 +/- 0.49 Mearth and
an updated radius of 1.47 +0.03 -0.02 Rearth, Kepler-10b has a density of 5.8
+/- 0.8 g cm-3, very close to the value -0.02 predicted by models with the same
internal structure and composition as the Earth. We were also able to determine
a mass for the 45-day period planet Kepler-10c, with an even better precision
of 11%. With a mass of 17.2 +/- 1.9 Mearth and radius of 2.35 +0.09 -0.04
Rearth, -0.04 Kepler-10c has a density of 7.1 +/- 1.0 g cm-3. Kepler-10c
appears to be the first strong evidence of a class of more massive solid
planets with longer orbital periods.Comment: 44 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Ap
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