O corpo feminino sem retoques em debate nas redes sociais: um estudo das interações com o Instagram @saggysara

Este trabalho investiga de que forma o público se relaciona com a influenciadora @saggysara no Instagram a partir de suas publicações. O objetivo geral é buscar entender o que as interações com o perfil @saggysara nos dizem sobre a recepção do seu conteúdo body positive no Instagram visando responder a pergunta “Como o público se relaciona no perfil @saggysara a partir dos posicionamentos em relação ao conteúdo body positive?” Para isso, buscamos entender as corporalidades a partir de estudos de Garrini (2010), Rosário (2006), Rocha (2013), Vaz (2006), Castro (2004), Santos (2012), entre outros, e o caráter social e relacional do corpo (ROSÁRIO et al., 2016), bem como as relações de poder que incidem sobre ele (SIBILIA, 2016). Também nos apoiamos em estudos sobre as redes sociais digitais (RECUERO, 2009), suas potencialidades e pontos de atenção e a forma como o ciberativismo se desenvolve em ambientes digitais (PIRES; CASTRO, 2021). Utilizamos como estratégia metodológica a etnografia virtual (FRAGOSO; RECUERO; AMARAL, 2011) para elucidar as dinâmicas comunicacionais do perfil de @saggysara no Instagram, e na análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 1977) para verificar as relações a partir da interação nos comentários das publicações. Como resultado, foi possível delimitar seis principais modos de posicionamento – compartilhadores, concordantes, dialógicos, discordantes, elogiosos e gratos –, que nos fizeram compreender as principais expressões em resposta ao conteúdo da influenciadora e a forma como variam no decorrer do período pesquisado.This paper investigates in what way the audience relates to the influencer @saggysara on Instagram based in her publications. The main gol is to seek to understand what the interactions with the profile @saggysara tell us about the reception of her body positive content on Instagram, aiming to answer the question “How does the audience relate to @saggysara’s profile from the positions related to the body positive content?” For that purpose, we seek to understand corporalities from previous studies by Garrini (2010), Rosário (2006), Rocha (2013), Vaz (2006), Castro (2004), Santos (2012), among others, and the social and relational character of the body (ROSÁRIO et al., 2016), as well as the power relations that affect it (SIBILIA, 2016). We also rely on studies on social networks (RECUERO, 2009), their potentialities and points of attention in the way that develops in digital environments cyberativism (PIRES; CASTRO, 2021). We use virtual ethnography as a methodological strategy (FRAGOSO; RECUERO; AMARAL, 2011) to elucidate the communication dynamics of the profile of @saggysara on Instagram, and to analyze the content (BARDIN, 1977) to verify the relationships from the interaction with us, comments on publications. As a result, it was possible to delimit six main ways of positioning – sharing, agreeing, dialogic, discordant, appreciative and grateful –, which enable us to understand the main expressions in response to the content of the influencer and the way they vary during the investigated period

Publishing the Pan-Jewish: The First Hebrew Newspaper and its Modernities

Publishing the Pan-Jewish emerges from a question about sites of synthesis between claims of sacred continuity and novel forms of communication. It centers on the first ten years of Hamagid (1856-1866), acknowledged within the historiography as history’s first Hebrew-language newspaper. Eliezer Lipman Silberman, an Orthodox butcher founded Hamagid in East Prussia as a bulwark of his vision of traditional Judaism. The first chapter of this dissertation examines the formal elements of the newspaper as a medium, demonstrating the myriad ways in which it presented novel experiences for its reading public. Chapter two narrates an untold history of the newspaper’s early readers and writers. These individuals formed an expansive network that eventually spanned much of the globe, uniting Jews in new ways. With the geographical distance between readers, and the far-flung subjects of news stories,many of Hamagid’s early readers confronted truth claims with dubious credibility. The third chapter traces a modernizing epistemology, in which standards of credibility gradually came to align with those of the empirical sciences, replacing credibility that relied on the reputation of individual religious authorities. Chapter four turns to depictions of the world outside of East Prussia, demonstrating Hamagid’s reliance on British sources for its foreign news. In the aggregate, using these sources engendered a narration of space skeptical of Ottoman rule abroad and sympathetic to the policy goals of the British Empire. The final chapter examines Hamagid’s style of Hebrew, in particular its use of allusions to the Hebrew Bible. Hamagid’s allusive style gestured back to the eighteenth century masklim and created for readers a sacred sense of contemporaneity. This Hebrew was distinct from contemporary publications, which by the 1850s were moving the language towards a new lexicon separate from the canon. Like its other features, Hamagid’s Hebrew was in the service of moderation, it was a tool to bring together novelty and conservativism. By way of conclusion, Publishing the Pan-Jewish interrogates the category of “moderate” and builds a new vocabulary by which historians can understand cultural products in the nineteenth century

Nutrient Improvements in Chesapeake Bay: Direct Effect of Load Reductions and Implications for Coastal Management

In Chesapeake Bay in the United States, decades of management efforts have resulted in modest reductions of nutrient loads from the watershed, but the corresponding improvements in estuarine water quality have not consistently followed. Generalized additive models were used to directly link river flows and nutrient loads from the watershed to nutrient trends in the estuary on a station-by-station basis, which allowed for identification of exactly when and where responses are happening. Results show that Chesapeake Bay’s total nitrogen and total phosphorus conditions are mostly improving after accounting for variation in freshwater flow. Almost all of these improving nutrient concentrations in the estuary can be explained by reductions in watershed loads entering through 16 rivers and 145 nearby point sources, with the nearby point source reductions being slightly more effective at explaining estuarine nutrient trends. Overall, these two major types of loads from multiple locations across the watershed are together necessary and responsible for the improving estuarine nutrient conditions, a finding that is highly relevant to managing valuable estuarine resources worldwide

Chesapeake Bay Dissolved Oxygen Criterion Attainment Deficit: Three Decades of Temporal and Spatial Patterns

Low dissolved oxygen (DO) conditions are a recurring issue in waters of Chesapeake Bay, with detrimental effects on aquatic living resources. The Chesapeake Bay Program partnership has developed criteria guidance supporting the definition of state water quality standards and associated assessment procedures for DO and other parameters, which provides a binary classification of attainment or impairment. Evaluating time series of these two outcomes alone, however, provides limited information on water quality change over time or space. Here we introduce an extension of the existing Chesapeake Bay water quality criterion assessment framework to quantify the amount of impairment shown by space-time exceedance of DO criterion (“attainment deficit”) for a specific tidal management unit (i.e., segment). We demonstrate the usefulness of this extended framework by applying it to Bay segments for each 3-year assessment period between 1985 and 2016. In general, the attainment deficit for the most recent period assessed (i.e., 2014–2016) is considerably worse for deep channel (DC; n = 10) segments than open water (OW; n = 92) and deep water (DW; n = 18) segments. Most subgroups – classified by designated uses, salinity zones, or tidal systems – show better (or similar) attainment status in 2014–2016 than their initial status (1985–1987). Some significant temporal trends (p < 0.1) were detected, presenting evidence on the recovery for portions of Chesapeake Bay with respect to DO criterion attainment. Significant, improving trends were observed in seven OW segments, four DW segments, and one DC segment over the 30 3-year assessment periods (1985–2016). Likewise, significant, improving trends were observed in 15 OW, five DW, and four DC segments over the recent 15 assessment periods (2000–2016). Subgroups showed mixed trends, with the Patuxent, Nanticoke, and Choptank Rivers experiencing significant, improving short-term (2000–2016) trends while Elizabeth experiencing a significant, degrading short-term trend. The general lack of significantly improving trends across the Bay suggests that further actions will be necessary to achieve full attainment of DO criterion. Insights revealed in this work are critical for understanding the dynamics of the Bay ecosystem and for further assessing the effectiveness of management initiatives aimed toward Bay restoration

Submersed Aquatic Vegetation in Chesapeake Bay: Sentinel Species in a Changing World

Chesapeake Bay has undergone profound changes since European settlement. Increases in human and livestock populations, associated changes in land use, increases in nutrient loadings, shoreline armoring, and depletion of fish stocks have altered the important habitats within the Bay. Submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV) is a critical foundational habitat and provides numerous benefits and services to society. In Chesapeake Bay, SAV species are also indicators of environmental change because of their sensitivity to water quality and shoreline development. As such, SAV has been deeply integrated into regional regulations and annual assessments of management outcomes, restoration efforts, the scientific literature, and popular media coverage. Even so, SAV in Chesapeake Bay faces many historical and emerging challenges. The future of Chesapeake Bay is indicated by and contingent on the success of SAV. Its persistence will require continued action, coupled with new practices, to promote a healthy and sustainable ecosystem

Long-term Annual Aerial Surveys of Submersed Aquatic Vegetation (SAV) Support Science, Management, and Restoration

Aerial surveys of coastal habitats can uniquely inform the science and management of shallow, coastal zones, and when repeated annually,theyrevealchangesthatareotherwisedifficulttoassess fromground-basedsurveys.Thispaperreviewstheutilityofalongterm(1984–present)annualaerialmonitoringprogramforsubmersedaquaticvegetation(SAV)inChesapeakeBay,itstidaltributaries, and nearby Atlantic coastal bays, USA. We present a series of applications that highlight the program’s importance in assessing anthropogenic impacts, gauging water quality status and trends, establishing and evaluating restoration goals, and understanding the impactofcommercialfishingpracticesonbenthichabitats.Theseexamplesdemonstratehowperiodicallyquantifyingcoverageofthis important foundational habitat answers basic research questions locally, as well as globally, and provides essential information to resource managers. New technologies are enabling more frequent and accurate aerial surveys at greater spatial resolution and lower cost. These advances will support efforts to extend the applications described here to similar issues in other areas

Evolution of Sex-Specific Traits through Changes in HOX-Dependent doublesex Expression

Analysis in Drosophila suggests that evolutionary changes in the spatial regulation of the transcription factor doublesex play a key role in the origin, diversification, and loss of sex-specific structures

Ecological forecasting—21st century science for 21st century management

Natural resource managers are coping with rapid changes in both environmental conditions and ecosystems. Enabled by recent advances in data collection and assimilation, short-term ecological forecasting may be a powerful tool to help resource managers anticipate impending near-term changes in ecosystem conditions or dynamics. Managers may use the information in forecasts to minimize the adverse effects of ecological stressors and optimize the effectiveness of management actions. To explore the potential for ecological forecasting to enhance natural resource management, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) convened a workshop titled "Building Capacity for Applied Short-Term Ecological Forecasting" on May 29—31, 2019, with participants from several Federal agencies, including the Bureau of Land Management, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the National Park Service, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration as well as all mission areas within the USGS. Participants broadly agreed that short-term ecological forecasting—on the order of days to years into the future—has tremendous potential to improve the quality and timeliness of information available to guide resource management decisions. Participants considered how ecological forecasting could directly affect their agency missions and specified numerous critical tools for addressing natural resource management concerns in the 21st century that could be enhanced by ecological forecasting. Given this breadth of possible applications for forecast products, participants developed a repeatable framework for evaluating potential value of a forecast product for enhancing resource management. Applying that process to a large list of forecast ideas that were developed in a brainstorming session, participants identified a small set of promising forecast products that illustrate the value of ecological forecasting for informing resource management. Workshop outcomes also include insights about important likely obstacles and next steps. In particular, reliable production and delivery of operational ecological forecasts will require a sustained commitment by research agencies, in partnership with resource management agencies, to maintain and improve forecasting tools and capabilities.https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr2020107