Very Long Baseline Array Imaging of Parsec-scale Radio Emissions in Nearby Radio-quiet Narrow-line Seyfert 1 Galaxies

We conducted Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) observations of seven nearby narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies at 1.7 GHz (18cm) with milli-arcsecond resolution. This is the first systematic very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) study focusing on the central parsec-scale regions of radio-quiet NLS1s. Five of the seven were detected at a brightness temperature of >~5x10^6 K and contain radio cores with high brightness temperatures of >6x10^7 K, indicating a nonthermal process driven by jet-producing central engines as is observed in radio-loud NLS1s and other active galactic nucleus (AGN) classes. VLBA images of MRK 1239, MRK 705, and MRK 766 exhibit parsec-scale jets with clear linear structures. A large portion of the radio power comes from diffuse emission components that are distributed within the nuclear regions (<~300 pc), which is a common characteristic throughout the observed NLS1s. Jet kinetic powers limited by the Eddington limit may be insufficient to allow the jets escape to kiloparsec scales for these radio-quiet NLS1s with low-mass black holes of <~10^7 M_sun.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in Ap

ALMA 0.02"-resolution observations reveal HCN-abundance-enhanced counter-rotating and outflowing dense molecular gas at the NGC 1068 nucleus

We present ALMA ~0.02"-resolution observations of the nucleus of the nearby (~14 Mpc) type-2 AGN NGC 1068 at HCN/HCO+/HNC J=3-2 lines, as well as at their 13C isotopologue and vibrationally excited lines, to scrutinize the morphological/dynamical/chemical/physical properties of dense molecular gas in the putative dusty molecular torus around a mass-accreting supermassive black hole. We confirm almost east-west-oriented dense molecular gas emission both morphologically and dynamically, which we regard as coming from the torus. Bright emission is compact (<3 pc), and low-surface-brightness emission extends out to 5-7 pc. These dense molecular gas properties are not symmetric between the eastern and western torus. The HCN J=3-2 emission is stronger than the HCO+ J=3-2 emission within the ~7 pc torus region, with an estimated dense molecular mass of (0.4-1.0)x10^6Msun. We interpret that HCN abundance is enhanced in the torus. We detect signatures of outflowing dense molecular gas and a vibrationally excited HCN J=3-2 line. Finally, we find that in the innermost (<1 pc) part of the torus, the dense molecular line rotation velocity, relative to the systemic velocity, is the opposite of that in the outer (>2 pc) part, in both the eastern and western torus. We prefer a scenario of counter-rotating dense molecular gas with innermost almost-Keplerian-rotation and outer slowly rotating (far below Keplerian) components. Our high-spatial-resolution dense molecular line data reveal that torus properties of NGC 1068 are much more complicated than the simple axi-symmetrically rotating torus picture in the classical AGN unification paradigm.Comment: 45 pages, 20 Figures. Accepted for publication in Ap

保育・介護労働の現状と課題 : その2 福祉労働の実態について(人文・社会科学系)

保育・介護など、福祉労働の現状を知る為、本学卒業生5,000名へ、労働状況に関するアンケート(回収率14.4%)を行なった結果、以下の様な事が明らかになった。1.税込み年収の平均は256万円(勤務平均5年)であり、日本の他の職業の平均に達した者は、5%しかいない低賃金であった。特に民間経営の保育所に低い所が多かった。2.労働条件の満足度の低い主な勤務先は、保育所(私立)や、老人福祉施設など、就業者の多いところであった。また職務でも、保育士(クラス担任)、介護福祉士(一般職)に、満足度の低い者が多かった。3.休憩時間は、ほとんどの保育所は十分取れていない。また拘束時間も8時間を守られているのは認可保育所(公立)のみである。4.時間外労働の長いのは、乳幼児を対象とした入所施設である。5.勤務形態別に見ると、非正規雇用の方が、正規雇用に比べて、労働条件が悪い。6.労働環境に問題を感じた時の活動は、職場などへの働きかけが、全体的に多いが、広範な社会的活動への意識も少しずつ芽生えている。7.回収率から、マスコミへの影響などからか保育士の方が、介護福祉士より、労働条件などの問題への意識が弱い

Enhancement of CP Violating terms for Neutrino Oscillation in Earth Matter

We investigate the $\nu_e \to \nu_{\mu}$ oscillation in the framework of three generations when neutrinos pass through the earth. The oscillation probability is represented by the form, $P(\nu_e \to \nu_\mu)=A\cos \delta+B\sin \delta+C$ in arbitrary matter profile by using the leptonic CP phase $\delta$. We compare our approximate formula in the previous paper with the formula which includes second order terms of $\alpha=\Delta m_{21}^2/\Delta m_{31}^2$ and $s_{13}=\sin \theta_{13}$. Non-perturbative effects of $\alpha$ and $s_{13}$ can be taken into account in our formula and the precision of the formula is rather improved around the MSW resonance region. Furthermore, we compare the earth matter effect of $A$ and $B$ with that of $C$ studied by other authors. We show that the magnitude of $A$ and $B$ can reach a few ten % of $C$ around the main three peaks of $C$ in the region $E>1$ GeV by numerical calculation. We give the qualitative understanding of this result by using our approximate formula. The mantle-core effect, which is different from the usual MSW effect, appears not only in $C$ but also in $A$ and $B$, although the effect is weakened.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figure

杉浦康平のアジアンデザイン研究（ポスターと冊子を中心に）

　本研究は2012 年度共同研究から継続している、杉浦康平名誉教授のデザイン活動の包括的研究の一環である。これまでの活動として「ポスターアーカイブ」構築、ポスター展2 回、単行本出版などがある。それらの成果をふまえて2017 年度は「アジアンデザイン」の側面にフォーカスして、5 回の連続インタビューを企図した。　杉浦名誉教授は、今年3 月まで本学アジアンデザイン研究所において、所長として研究活動を主導してきた。その60 年以上におよぶデザイン活動の中で、多くの重要な業績を残してきたが、「アジアンデザイン」概念の確立は、本学との関係においても特に重要なものとして位置づけられる。ポスター・冊子類のデザインからはじまって、その活動は、さまざまなアジア文化紹介の構想・企画までを包含するものに拡張し、デザインの領域を超える幅広い業績を残した。一方、そうしたデザイン活動を通じて、独自のアジア図像研究の領域を切り拓き、図像的想像力に充ちた大胆な仮説の提唱により、独自の図像論を確立し、数多くの著書を発表している。モダンデザインの牙城であるドイツのウルム造形大学での教鞭体験から、アジアンデザインにいたる道程は限りない大遠征のようにすら見える。われわれ共同研究組織は、その間に何があったのか、本人の率直な言葉として記録することを目指した。This research program comprises an important part of the comprehensive study of Professor Emeritus Kohei Sugiura’ s design activities originated from the 2012 joint research project. The research activities undertaken so far include the establishment of the Poster Archive, two exhibitions of posters designed by Sugiura, and the publication of a book on his design. Based on these results, the 2017 program featured a series of five interviews with him focusing on “Asian design.” Professor Emeritus Kohei Sugiura led the activities of the Research Institute of Asian Design of our university as its director until March 2018. Sugiura has made many considerable achievements throughout his career that spans over sixty years. Among them, the development of the concept of “Asian design” is considered particularly important for our university. A wide range of activities based on this concept include the design of various posters and booklets, and a number of projects to present different Asian cultures. The diverse achievements of these activities have cut across the boundaries between design and other disciplines. At the same time, Sugiura has opened up his original research filed of Asian iconography, proposed an imaginative hypothesis, developed a unique iconographic theory, and produced a number of books. Considering his teaching experience at the Ulm School of Design in Germany, the stronghold of modern design in the sixties, it seems that he has made a great journey to come down to the idea of Asian design. This research program was designed to record what happened during this journey through a series of candid interviews with him

Precessing jet nozzle connecting to a spinning black hole in M87

The nearby radio galaxy M87 offers a unique opportunity to explore the connections between the central supermassive black hole and relativistic jets. Previous studies of the inner region of M87 revealed a wide opening angle for the jet originating near the black hole. The Event Horizon Telescope resolved the central radio source and found an asymmetric ring structure consistent with expectations from General Relativity. With a baseline of 17 years of observations, there was a shift in the jet's transverse position, possibly arising from an eight to ten-year quasi-periodicity. However, the origin of this sideways shift remains unclear. Here we report an analysis of radio observations over 22 years that suggests a period of about 11 years in the position angle variation of the jet. We infer that we are seeing a spinning black hole that induces the Lense-Thirring precession of a misaligned accretion disk. Similar jet precession may commonly occur in other active galactic nuclei but has been challenging to detect owing to the small magnitude and long period of the variation.Comment: 41 pages, 7 figures, 7 table

Reliability and validity of the patient disability-oriented diagnostic nomenclature system for prosthetic dentistry

Purpose: The Japan Prosthodontic Society (JPS) has proposed a new diagnostic nomenclature system (DNS), based on pathogenesis and etiology, to facilitate and improve prosthodontic treatment. This systemspecifies patient disability and the causative factor (i.e. ‘‘B (disability) caused by A (causative factor)’’). The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of this DNS. Study selection: The JPS Clinical Guideline Committee assessed mock patient charts and formulated disease names using the new DNS. Fifty validators, comprising prosthodontic specialists and dental residents, made diagnoses using the same patient charts. Reliability was evaluated as the consistency of the disease names among the validators, and validity was evaluated using the concordance rate of the disease names with the reference disease names. Results: Krippendorff’s α was 0.378 among all validators, 0.370 among prosthodontic specialists, and 0.401 among dental hospital residents. Krippendorff’s α for 10 validators (3 specialists and 7 residents) with higher concordance rates was 0.524. Two validators (1 specialist and 1 resident) with the highest concordance rates had a Krippendorff’s α of 0.648. Common disease names had higher concordance rates, while uncommon disease names showed lower concordance rates. These rates did not show correlation with clinical experience of the validator or time taken to devise the disease name. Conclusions: High reliability was not found among all validators; however, validators with higher concordance rates showed better reliability. Furthermore, common disease names had higher concordance rates. These findings indicate that the new DNS for prosthodontic dentistry exhibits clinically acceptable reliability and validity

29. On Aftershocks Accompanied the Imaichi Earthquake, December 26, 1949.

前記共同觀測の後をうけて,筆者等は今市,日光,落合の三觀測所を3月下旬まで維持したが,その結果によると,餘震は依然,共同觀測期間中と同一の地域内に發生している模様である.觀測所のうち,今市のそれは引続き現在まで觀測を行つており,餘震活動が次第に減衰してゆく状況を見ることができる.なお,報告中,落合で得られた資料につき,統計現象論的な立場から簡單な考察を行つて見たが,その結果では,餘震の發生の仕方に若干續發的な傾向が認められた