154 research outputs found
Suzaku observation of the giant radio galaxy 3C 326
A Suzaku observation of a giant radio galaxy, 3C 326, which has a physical
size of about 2 Mpc, was conducted on 2008 January 19 -- 21. In addition to
several X-ray sources, diffuse emission was significantly detected associated
with its west lobe, but the east lobe was contaminated by an unidentified X-ray
source WARP J1552.4+2007. After careful evaluation of the X-ray and Non X-ray
background, the 0.4 -- 7 keV X-ray spectrum of the west lobe is described by a
power-law model. The photon index and 1 keV flux density was derived as
and nJy,
respectively, where the first and second errors represent the statistical and
systematic ones. The diffuse X-rays were attributed to be inverse Compton
radiation by the synchrotron radio electrons scattering off the cosmic
microwave background photons. This radio galaxy is the largest among those with
lobes detected through inverse Compton X-ray emission. A comparison of the
radio to X-ray fluxes yields the energy densities of electron and magnetic
field as ergs/cm3 and ergs/cm3, respectively. The galaxy
is suggested to host a low luminosity nucleus with an absorption-corrected 2 --
10 keV luminosity of ergs/s, together with a relatively
weak radio core. The energetics in the west lobe of 3C 326 were compared with
those of moderate radio galaxies with a size of kpc. The west lobe
of 3C 326 is confirmed to agree with the correlations for the moderate radio
galaxies, and , where
is their total physical size. This implies that the lobes of 3C 326 are
still being energized by the jet, despite the current weakness of the nucleus.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figures, 6 tables, Accepted for ApJ (v706 issue
Identifying important aspects of quality of life among Muslims with hypertension in rural West Java, Indonesia
Hypertension almost invariably impacts people’s quality of life (QOL). The WHO Quality of Life-BREF instrument (WHOQOL-BREF) is used widely in high-income countries and is comprised of physical, psychological, social and environmental domains. Few studies have measured QOL of people with hypertension in rural areas in low- and middleincome countries, including Indonesia. Our study aims were: 1) to assess whether WHOQOL-BREF is suitable for studying QOL among rural Muslim Indonesians with hypertension, and 2) to describe the characteristics of rural Muslim Indonesians’ QOL. In 2014, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of QOL among 447 residents of an economically stressed rural district in West Java. To assess WHOQOL-BREF’s goodness of fit, we performed structural equation modeling. We calculated Cronbach’s alpha to assess internal consistency reliability. Independent t-tests and one-way ANOVAs were used to compare differences between socio-demographic groups. Participants were mostly women (77%). Mean age was 54 and 24% were widows/widowers. Most (62%) had less than primary level education. Regarding measures of goodness of fit, only root mean square error of approximation reached a marginally acceptable level. Cronbach’s alpha for the overall scale was fairly high (0.893). Psychological QOL received the highest mean domain score (13.8). Environmental QOL received the lowest (12.6). The highest mean item score was for mobility. Financial status, access to information, and leisure received the lowest mean item scores. Domain scores differed by socioeconomic status. Low QOL on one or more domains was associated with lower education, being a widow/widower, and living in a remote area. Since the model showed that WHOQOL-BREF did not achieve desired levels on two of three goodness-of-fit indexes, other aspects of the participants’ QOL may have gone unmeasured. When providing healthcare services to Muslim patients with hypertension in rural Indonesia, planners and providers should attend to aspects of QOL identified in this study
Three-dimensional imaging of a long-period stacking ordered phase in Mg₉₇Zn₁Gd₂ using high-voltage electron microscopy
Spatial configurations and lateral morphology of the 14H long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) phase have been studied by single tilt-axis electron tomography using high-voltage scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) operated at 1 MV. A "Quonset hut-like" lateral shape of the LPSO was found in a tomogram of a specimen as thick as 1.7 μ m. The reconstructed volume reveals spatial distribution of residual particulate precipitates of (Mg, Zn)3Gd phase 20-30 nm in diameters. The precipitates act as a source of solute elements for the formation and growth processes of 14H LPSO. 1 MV-STEM realizes enough resolution for imaging the morphology of LPSO as well as high electron transmittance (∼4.1 μ m) without any obvious electron irradiation damages on microstructures
Computed tomography findings of intersigmoid hernia
Purpose: To evaluate the computed tomography findings of intersigmoid hernias. Material and methods: Between April 2010 and March 2018, 7 patients who were surgically diagnosed with intersigmoid hernia in 3 institutions were enrolled in this study. Two radiologists evaluated imaging findings for the herniated small bowel, the distance between the occlusion point and bifurcation of the left common iliac artery, and the anatomic relationship with adjacent organs. Results: All patients were male, and their mean age (standard deviation, range) was 61.0 (13.5, 36-85) years. The mean size of the bowel loops was 5.2 (1.3, 4.0-8.3) cm in the caudal direction, 3.6 (0.8, 2.5-5.1) cm in the lateral, and 3.4 (0.6, 2.5-4.7) cm in the anterior-posterior direction. The volume was 37.9 (27.8, 15.6-103.0) cm3 approximated by an ellipse, and 24.0 (17.7, 9.9-65.6) cm3 approximated by a truncated cone. The obstruction point was located 3.6 (0.6, 2.8-4.7) cm inferior to the bifurcation of the left common iliac artery. In all cases, the small bowel ran under the point at which the inferior mesenteric vessels bifurcated to the superior rectal vessels and the sigmoid vessels and formed a sac-like appearance between the left psoas muscle and the sigmoid colon. The ureter ran dorsal to the point of the bowel stenosis, and the left gonadal vein ran outside the small bowel loops. Conclusions: All cases showed common imaging findings, which may be characteristic of men's intersigmoid hernia. In addition, the fossa's position was lower, and the size was larger than in the previous study, which may be a risk factor
Soft Gamma-ray Detector for the ASTRO-H Mission
ASTRO-H is the next generation JAXA X-ray satellite, intended to carry
instruments with broad energy coverage and exquisite energy resolution. The
Soft Gamma-ray Detector (SGD) is one of ASTRO-H instruments and will feature
wide energy band (40-600 keV) at a background level 10 times better than the
current instruments on orbit. SGD is complimentary to ASTRO-H's Hard X-ray
Imager covering the energy range of 5-80 keV. The SGD achieves low background
by combining a Compton camera scheme with a narrow field-of-view active shield
where Compton kinematics is utilized to reject backgrounds. The Compton camera
in the SGD is realized as a hybrid semiconductor detector system which consists
of silicon and CdTe (cadmium telluride) sensors. Good energy resolution is
afforded by semiconductor sensors, and it results in good background rejection
capability due to better constraints on Compton kinematics. Utilization of
Compton kinematics also makes the SGD sensitive to the gamma-ray polarization,
opening up a new window to study properties of gamma-ray emission processes.
The ASTRO-H mission is approved by ISAS/JAXA to proceed to a detailed design
phase with an expected launch in 2014. In this paper, we present science
drivers and concept of the SGD instrument followed by detailed description of
the instrument and expected performance.Comment: 17 pages, 15 figures, Proceedings of the SPIE Astronomical
Instrumentation "Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010: Ultraviolet to
Gamma Ray
Suzaku Observations of SGR 1900+14 and SGR 1806-20
Spectral and timing studies of Suzaku ToO observations of two SGRs, 1900+14
and 1806-20, are presented. The X-ray quiescent emission spectra were well
fitted by a two blackbody function or a blackbody plus a power law model. The
non-thermal hard component discovered by INTEGRAL was detected by the PIN
diodes and its spectrum was reproduced by the power law model reported by
INTEGRAL. The XIS detected periodicity P = 5.1998+/-0.0002 s for SGR 1900+14
and P = 7.6022+/-0.0007 s for SGR 1806-20. The pulsed fraction was related to
the burst activity for SGR 1900+14.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in PASJ (Suzaku 3rd
special issue
Optimal Location of Two Laser-interferometric Detectors for Gravitational Wave Backgrounds at 100 MHz
Recently, observational searches for gravitational wave background (GWB) have
been developed and given constraints on the energy density of GWB in a broad
range of frequencies. These constraints have already resulted in the rejection
of some theoretical models of relatively large GWB spectra. However, at 100
MHz, there is no strict upper limit from direct observation, though an indirect
limit exists due to He4 abundance due to big-bang nucleosynthesis. In our
previous paper, we investigated the detector designs that can effectively
respond to GW at high frequencies, where the wavelength of GW is comparable to
the size of a detector, and found that the configuration, a so-called
synchronous-recycling interferometer is best at these sensitivity. In this
paper, we investigated the optimal location of two synchronous-recycling
interferometers and derived their cross-correlation sensitivity to GWB. We
found that the sensitivity is nearly optimized and hardly changed if two
coaligned detectors are located within a range 0.2 m, and that the sensitivity
achievable in an experiment is far below compared with the constraint
previously obtained in experiments.Comment: 17 pages, 6 figure
Cerebral air embolism as a complication of peptic ulcer in the gastric tube: case report
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The reported incidence of ulcer formation in the gastric tube in esophageal replacement is rare.</p> <p>Case Presentation</p> <p>This is the first report of a case of cerebral air embolism as a result of spontaneous perforation of an ulcer in the constructed gastric tube into the pulmonary vein during post-operative follow-up in a patient with esophageal cancer.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Cerebral air embolism is a rare complication of penetrating gastric ulcer, but should be considered in patients with a history of esophagectomy with gastric conduit that present with acute neurologic findings.</p
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