42 research outputs found

    ЭлСктромСханичСский ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ Π½Π° Π±Π°Π·Π΅ бСсконтактного элСктродвигатСля постоянного Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° с ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° статорС для ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ космичСского Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°

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    Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ элСктромСханичСского ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π° Π½Π° Π±Π°Π·Π΅ управляСмого ΠΏΠΎ скорости двигатСля-ΠΌΠ°Ρ…ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΊΠ° для систСмы ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ космичСского Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π° с ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ массогабаритными характСристиками ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ потрСбитСлям дСньги ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ запускС космичСских Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². Π’Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ минимальной массы являСтся ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡŠΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΊ элСктромСханичСским ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π°ΠΌ. ЦСлью исслСдования являСтся расчСт ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° конструкции элСктромСханичСского ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π° Π½Π° Π±Π°Π·Π΅ бСсконтактного двигатСля постоянного Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° с ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ массогабаритными характСристиками. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ достигаСтся Π·Π° счСт примСнСния плоского статора, Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΆΠ°, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ статора цилиндричСской Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹ дСсятки ΠΌΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ 1,5-2,0 ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² силовой части корпуса ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π°, Π° соотвСтствСнно, ΠΈ массы всСго двигатСля-ΠΌΠ°Ρ…ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΊΠ°. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ являСтся разработанная конструкция двигатСля-ΠΌΠ°Ρ…ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π° Π±Π°Π·Π΅ бСсконтактного двигатСля постоянного Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° с ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° дисковом статорС

    Removal of highly polar micropollutants from wastewater by powdered activated carbon

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    Due to concerns about ecotoxicological effects of pharmaceuticals and other micropollutants released from wastewater treatment plants, activated carbon adsorption is one of the few processes to effectively reduce the concentrations of micropollutants in wastewater. Although aimed mainly at apolar compounds, polar compounds are also simultaneously removed to a certain extent, which has rarely been studied before. In this study, adsorption isotherm and batch kinetic data were collected with two powdered activated carbons (PACs) to assess the removal of the polar pharmaceuticals 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) and cytarabine (CytR) from ultrapure water and wastewater treatment plant effluent. At pH 7.8, single-solute adsorption isotherm data for the weak acid 5-Fu and the weak base CytR showed that their adsorption capacities were about 1 order of magnitude lower than those of the less polar endocrine disrupting chemicals bisphenol A (BPA) and 17-Ξ±-ethinylestradiol (EE2). To remove 90% of the adsorbate from a single-solute solution 14, 18, 70, and 87mg Lβˆ’1 of HOK Super is required for EE2, BPA, CytR, and 5-Fu, respectively. Effects of solution pH, ionic strength, temperature, and effluent organic matter (EfOM) on 5-Fu and CytR adsorption were evaluated for one PAC. Among the studied factors, the presence of EfOM had the highest effect, due to a strong competition on 5-Fu and CytR adsorption. Adsorption isotherm and kinetic data and their modeling with a homogeneous surface diffusion model showed that removal percentage in the presence of EfOM was independent on the initial concentration of the ionizable compounds 5-Fu and CytR. These results are similar to neutral organic compounds in the presence of natural organic matter. Overall, results showed that PAC doses sufficient to remove >90% of apolar adsorbates were able to remove no more than 50% of the polar adsorbates 5-Fu and CytR and that the contact time is a critical paramete

    ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ указания ΠΊ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ "ΠœΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° напряТСния" ΠΏΠΎ дисциплинС "ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ расчСта ΠΈ модСлирования ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ"

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    Настоящими мСтодичСскими указаниями рСкомСндуСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎ дисциплинС "ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ расчСта ΠΈ модСлирования ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ" Π½Π° Π²ΠΈΡ€Ρ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΌ стСндС (Π’Π›Π‘), ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ собой ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ (PC) с инсталлированным Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ MatLab/Simulink/SimPowerSystems

    LMS Moodle ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ срСдство развития ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Π² процСссС матСматичСской ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ студСнтов тСхничСского Π²ΡƒΠ·Π°

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    Π‘ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‹ΠΌ Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ всС сфСры ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ соврСмСнного общСства всё сильнСС ΠΎΡ‰ΡƒΡ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π° сСбС влияниС процСссов Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΠΎΡ‚ΡŠΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ соврСмСнного Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° стал Π˜Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚. Π’ соврСмСнных условиях Π² любой сфСрС Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ соврСмСнныС срСдства ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ (ИКВ) ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ этой Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ, поэтому Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ (ИКК) студСнтов, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌ прСдстоит ΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ срСдС βˆ’ "Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ инфосфСры" [1], становится ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· основных Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. Π Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ студСнта опрСдСляСтся Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΡΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹ ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎ-ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ. По Π½Π°ΡˆΠ΅ΠΌΡƒ мнСнию, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ активная самоуправляСмая ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ студСнтов, координируСмая ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ, обСспСчиваСт ΡΡ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ развития этих ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Π² процСссС обучСния Π² Π²ΡƒΠ·Π΅. Π­Ρ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ срСдством ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹ΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ элСктронная ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ срСда Moodle

    Bistable polarization switching in mutually coupled vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

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    3 pages.-- OCIS codes: 250.5270, 260.5430.-- Final full-text version of the paper available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OL.31.000996.We theoretically investigate the polarization-resolved dynamics of two vertical-cavity surface-emitting semiconductor lasers that are mutually coupled through coherent optical injection. We find a sequence of bistable polarization switchings that can be induced by either changing the coupling strength or the optical propagation phase. The successive polarization switchings are correlated to the creation of new compound-cavity modes when these parameters are continuously varied.The authors acknowledge financial support from MEC (Spain) and Feder, project FIS2004-00953. JM is supported by the CSIC (Spain) through the program I3P-PC2003. MS acknowledges support from UIB (Spain)

    Water Reclamation and Aquifer Recharge

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    Water Reclamation and Aquifer Recharge

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    Advanced wastewater treatment by nanofiltration and activated carbon for high quality water reuse

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    Hybrid processes combining activated carbon and nanofiltration have been studied to identify the optimum solution for advanced wastewater treatment in high quality water reclamation and reuse. With a focus on the removal of bulk and trace organic compounds the investigation identified three promising process combinations, namely powdered activated carbon followed by nanofiltration (PAC/NF), granular activated carbon followed by nanofiltration (GAC/NF) and nanofiltration followed by granular activated carbon (NF/GAC). The removal potential was examined in lab and pilot scale for a range of refractory pharmaceuticals and industrial chemicals typically detected in effluent in trace concentrations ranging from ng/L to Γ¬g/L. Fluorescence excitation emission spectroscopy was employed for the investigation of the fate of effluent organic matter. The optimum strategies for operation of the hybrid processes were determined in pilot scale. The experiments were conducted at the Wastewater Treatment Plant Aachen Soers providing an effluent of high quality with low dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations of about 5 mg/L. In comparison to a single stage NF or a single adsorption stage, all three hybrid processes provide a superior product quality with DOC concentrations clearly below 0.5 mg/L and organic micropollutant concentrations close or below the limit of quantification. If a high degree of salinity removal is not required, nanofiltration-activated carbon hybrid processes can be regarded as a reliable and economic alternative to dual membrane processes (ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis). They are well suited for high-grade water reuse applications. Due to lower filtration pressures the hybrid processes feature lower energy consumption and produce less problematic concentrates mainly consisting of organics and multivalent ions which can be precipitated. They feature also some advantages in indirect potable reuse applications such as managed aquifer recharge since the salt content of the product water is closer to natural conditions. The optimum combination of nanofiltration and activated carbon depends on local boundary conditions such as size of plant, raw water characteristics and plant location. In the light of growing water scarcity and increasing concerns about organic micropollutants activated carbon treatment in combination with nanofiltration has the potential to be applied in an increasing number of cases

    Membranes in Water Reuse

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