Cutaneous tuberculosis (scrofuloderma) in a five year-old boy: Case report

Cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) is a rare form of extrapulmonary TB in our region. The incidence of CTB seems to be increasing in some countries. CTB continues to be one of the most elusive and difficult diagnoses to make for dermatologists practicing in developing countries. We report the case of a five-year-old boy with an infected discharging ulcer on his face referred to our hospital in Gorgan, north of Iran. After physical, pathological and radiological examination, the diagnosis of CTB was confirmed. The condition improved after standard antitubercular regimen

Gas Core Reactor Numerical Simulation Using a Coupled MHD-MCNP Model

Analysis is provided in this report of using two head-on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) shocks to achieve supercritical nuclear fission in an axially elongated cylinder filled with UF4 gas as an energy source for deep space missions. The motivation for each aspect of the design is explained and supported by theory and numerical simulations. A subsequent report will provide detail on relevant experimental work to validate the concept. Here the focus is on the theory of and simulations for the proposed gas core reactor conceptual design from the onset of shock generations to the supercritical state achieved when the shocks collide. The MHD model is coupled to a standard nuclear code (MCNP) to observe the neutron flux and fission power attributed to the supercritical state brought about by the shock collisions. Throughout the modeling, realistic parameters are used for the initial ambient gaseous state and currents to ensure a resulting supercritical state upon shock collisions

Experimental Plans for Subsystems of a Shock Wave Driven Gas Core Reactor

This Contractor Report proposes a number of plans for experiments on subsystems of a shock wave driven pulsed magnetic induction gas core reactor (PMI-GCR, or PMD-GCR pulsed magnet driven gas core reactor). Computer models of shock generation and collision in a large-scale PMI-GCR shock tube have been performed. Based upon the simulation results a number of issues arose that can only be addressed adequately by capturing experimental data on high pressure (approx.1 atmosphere or greater) partial plasma shock wave effects in large bore shock tubes ( 10 cm radius). There are three main subsystems that are of immediate interest (for appraisal of the concept viability). These are (1) the shock generation in a high pressure gas using either a plasma thruster or pulsed high magnetic field, (2) collision of MHD or gas dynamic shocks, their interaction time, and collision pile-up region thickness, and (3) magnetic flux compression power generation (not included here)

No More Cuts: The Curious Fate of Self-Mutilation in Its Development

In this article, we present descriptions of four young women with relatively severe personality disorders. All four were in psychodynamic psychotherapy and all had the symptom of self-cutting. During their treatment, it became evident that their self-cutting had undergone a transformation and a new symptom had appeared in its place. In three, self-cutting was substituted by behaviors that we might call cutting equivalents and, in the fourth, by an enhanced self-reflective attitude and by journal-writing. We suggest that symptom-replacement for self-cutting may be common in its developmental course or in its course as it becomes influenced by psychotherapy, and that the replacement is sometimes, perhaps often, salutary

Pulsed Plasma Accelerator Modeling

This report presents the main results of the modeling task of the PPA project. The objective of this task is to make major progress towards developing a new computational tool with new capabilities for simulating cylindrically symmetric 2.5 dimensional (2.5 D) PPA's. This tool may be used for designing, optimizing, and understanding the operation of PPA s and other pulsed power devices. The foundation for this task is the 2-D, cylindrically symmetric, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) code PCAPPS (Princeton Code for Advanced Plasma Propulsion Simulation). PCAPPS was originally developed by Sankaran (2001, 2005) to model Lithium Lorentz Force Accelerators (LLFA's), which are electrode based devices, and are typically operated in continuous magnetic field to the model, and implementing a first principles, self-consistent algorithm to couple the plasma and power circuit that drives the plasma dynamics

The Relationship between High Sensitive C-reaction Protein (hs-CRP) and Diastolic Heart Function in Diabetes Mellitus Type II

Among several inflammatory markers, high sensitive C-reaction protein (hs-CRP) is outstandingly observed in diabetic individuals. Serum hs-CRP is the main marker of inflammation whose levels independently predict the risk of cardiovascular events, and it has a prognostic value in heart patients. On the other hand, diabetes can lead to diastolic dysfunction of the heart. Diastolic dysfunction can cause symptoms of exertional dyspnea, which restricts the patient’s activity. It is likely to predict diastolic dysfunction by screening through hs-CRP. The present investigation was a case-control study that was carried out on 52 patient diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type II. After the demographic data were recorded, and following the collection of data on the patients’ history, physical examination, and para-clinical measures, individuals who had factors interfering with level of serum hs-CRP (kidney and liver diseases, inflammatory and infectious diseases, peripheral vascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, connective tissue disease, malignant tumor, trauma, consumptionof statins, aspirin, ACEI, and fibrates) and diastolic dysfunction (ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathies, pericardial disease, arrhythmias and valvular disease) were crossed out of the study. Serum hs-CRP was measured by nephelometry method. According to the results of tissue Doppler echocardiography, these patients are divided into two groups: onewith diastolic dysfunction and the other without diastolic dysfunction. The serum hs-CRP levels of these patients were compared with each other. Among the participants, 30.8% were men and 69.2% were women, 36 individuals (69.2%) had diastolic dysfunction while 16 (30.8%) did not. There was a high level of correlation between the level of serumhs-CRP and diastolic dysfunction (p=0.02, t=2.36). The results of the present study indicated that there is a correlation between level of serum hs-CRP and diastolic dysfunction, such that the more the level of hs-CRP, the higher probability of diastolic dysfunction existence will be

Wave height forecasting in Dayyer, the Persian Gulf

Forecasting of wave parameters is necessary for many marine and coastal operations. Different forecasting methodologies have been developed using the wind and wave characteristics. In this paper, artificial neural network (ANN) as a robust data learning method is used to forecast the wave height for the next 3, 6, 12 and 24 h in the Persian Gulf. To determine the effective parameters, different models with various combinations of input parameters were considered. Parameters such as wind speed, direction and wave height of the previous 3 h, were found to be the best inputs. Furthermore, using the difference between wave and wind directions showed better performance. The results also indicated that if only the wind parameters are used as model inputs the accuracy of the forecasting increases as the time horizon increases up to 6 h. This can be due to the lower influence of previous wave heights on larger lead time forecasting and the existing lag between the wind and wave growth. It was also found that in short lead times, the forecasted wave heights primarily depend on the previous wave heights, while in larger lead times there is a greater dependence on previous wind speeds

Proposing a novel method for clock synchronization by Reducing the Number of Synchronization Messages and Eliminating Non-Deterministic Errors in Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) of spatially distributed autonomous sensors are used to monitor physical or environmental conditions such as temperature, sound, pressure, etc. They are also used to cooperatively pass the collected data through the network to a main location. Due to the application of wireless sensor networks as a monitoring device in the real world, the physical time of the occurrence of events is important. Since WSNs have particular constraints and limitations, synchronizing the physical times for these networks is considered to be a complex task. Although many algorithms have been proposed for synchronizing time in the network, there are two main error factors in all the proposed algorithms. The first factor is the clock drift which might be caused by the influence of different environmental factors such as temperature, ambient temperature, humidity, it might be generated on crystal oscillator which is inevitable The second error factor is indeterminacy which is attributed to the existence of non-deterministic delays in sending and receiving messages between sensor nodes. These two factors together reduce the precision of synchronization algorithms. In this paper, the researchers proposed a new approach for dealing with the above-mentioned two problems and achieving better synchronization. The proposed approach is a combination of flooding time synchronization protocol (FTSP) and reference broadcast synchronization (RBS).This approach is intended to increase synchronization accuracy and network lifetime by reducing the number of synchronization messages sent between nodes and eliminating the most of non-deterministic errors in sending messages. The results of simulations conducted in the study indicated that the proposed approach is significantly more efficient than the FTSP and RBS methods in terms of parameters such as accurate synchronization, amount of sent packets and power consumption