Associations between dimensions of anorexia nervosa and obsessive–compulsive disorder: An examination of personality and psychological factors in patients with anorexia nervosa

Objective: Anorexia nervosa (AN) and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) are highly comorbid. However, the factors that account for this comorbidity are poorly understood. We examined the core dimensions of AN and OCD and psychological and personality factors shared by both disorders. Method: In path analyses (N = 732 women with either current AN or recovered from AN), we examined which factors were uniquely and independently associated with the core dimensions of AN and OCD. We also examined recovery from AN as a moderator. Results: When individuals with AN reported greater concern over mistakes, they endorsed more severity in both AN and OCD core dimensions. These unique associations existed above and beyond all other transdiagnostic personality and psychological factors and regardless of AN recovery status. Conclusions: Concern over mistakes partially accounts for severity in the core dimensions of both AN and OCD. Concern over mistakes may represent an important target in the aetiology of AN and OCD

The Anorexia Nervosa Genetics Initiative (ANGI): Overview and methods

Background: Genetic factors contribute to anorexia nervosa (AN); and the first genome-wide significant locus has been identified. We describe methods and procedures for the Anorexia Nervosa Genetics Initiative (ANGI), an international collaboration designed to rapidly recruit 13,000 individuals with AN and ancestrally matched controls. We present sample characteristics and the utility of an online eating disorder diagnostic questionnaire suitable for large-scale genetic and population research. Methods: ANGI recruited from the United States (US), Australia/New Zealand (ANZ), Sweden (SE), and Denmark (DK). Recruitment was via national registers (SE, DK); treatment centers (US, ANZ, SE, DK); and social and traditional media (US, ANZ, SE). All cases had a lifetime AN diagnosis based on DSM-IV or ICD-10 criteria (excluding amenorrhea). Recruited controls had no lifetime history of disordered eating behaviors. To assess the positive and negative predictive validity of the online eating disorder questionnaire (ED100K-v1), 109 women also completed the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID), Module H. Results: Blood samples and clinical information were collected from 13,363 individuals with lifetime AN and from controls. Online diagnostic phenotyping was effective and efficient; the validity of the questionnaire was acceptable. Conclusions: Our multi-pronged recruitment approach was highly effective for rapid recruitment and can be used as a model for efforts by other groups. High online presence of individuals with AN rendered the Internet/social media a remarkably effective recruitment tool in some countries. ANGI has substantially augmented Psychiatric Genomics Consortium AN sample collection. ANGI is a registered clinical trial: clinicaltrials.govNCT01916538; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01916538?cond=Anorexia+Nervosa&draw=1&rank=3

Gas fueling studies in the PDX tokamak: II

Measurements of the gas fueling characteristics of the PDX tokamak have been extended in parameter range. An earlier study presented the gas fueling efficiency for H/sub 2/ and D/sub 2/ for the standard PDX divertor configurations with a large conductance between the divertor and main plasma chambers. This study presents the observed variations in H/sub 2/, D/sub 2/, and He neutral pressure and ionization light emission for divertor configurations with a restricted conductance between the divertor and main plasma chambers. The restricted conductance improved the divertor/main-chamber compression ratio by more than an order of magnitude. For the same plasma density, gas fueling from the divertor chamber was twice as efficient as fueling from the main chamber. At the highest plasma densities that were investigated, anti n/sub e/ approx. = 4 x 10/sup 13/ cm/sup -3/, a decrease in the plasma temperature in the divertor was indicated by a decrease in the ionization light at the divertor throat for D/sub 2/ and He fueled discharges. These observations are consistent with a Monte-Carlo model of neutral gas transport in the divertor

Linear Polarization Measurements and Negative-Parity States in 80Sr

High-spin states in 80Sr were studied using the 54Fe(28Si,2p) reaction at 90 MeV and the 58Ni(28Si,α2p) reaction at 110 MeV. Prompt γ−γ coincidences were measured from the 54Fe(28Si,2p)reaction using an array of 10 Compton-suppressed Ge detectors. γ-ray linear polarizations were measured in both reactions using three clover detectors as Compton polarimeters. Negative parity has been conclusively assigned to one band and is favored for two others based on the polarization measurements and the observation of six new linking transitions between the bands near their band heads. This evidence supports a picture of strong mixing between low-lying states with negative parity, similar to what has been observed in 82Sr. Directional correlation of oriented nuclei ratios support the spin assignments made in the most recent in-beam study

Transition Strengths and Degee of Deformation in 79Sr

High-spin states in 79Sr were studied using the 54Fe(28Si,2pn) reaction at 90 MeV, with a thick 14-mg/cm2 54Fe target used to stop all recoils. Prompt γ−γ coincidences were detected using the Florida State University Compton-suppressed Ge array consisting of three Clover detectors and seven single-crystal detectors. The most recent 79Sr level scheme has been confirmed in three separate band structures up to a spin as high as the (372+) yrast state based on γ-ray coincidence relations, intensity and effective lifetime measurements, and directional correlation of oriented nuclei ratios. Lifetimes of 33 excited states were measured using the Doppler-shift attenuation method, with the experimental line shapes obtained at two separate observation angles and by gating from above the transitions of interest whenever possible. Transition quadrupole moments Qt inferred from the lifetimes indicate a high degree of collectivity and deformation over a rather wide range of spins in all three observed bands, with evidence for modest reductions in the values with increasing spin. The changes in Qt are attributed to the onset of quasiproton alignment and are supported qualitatively by the predictions of the projected shell model and cranked Woods-Saxon calculations in conjunction with the cranked shell model. Lifetimes measured in a band based on the [431]12+ intrinsic Nilsson configuration suggest a large quadrupole deformation (β2≈0.41) associated with this band, providing another example of the strong deformation-driving properties of the d5/2 intruder orbital in the mass 80 region