Isolation, identification of Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica and screening of tomato parental lines for buckeye rot resistance

Buckeye rot disease of tomato which is one of the most devastating diseases of tomato crop is caused by soil born fungus Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica. In present study, the pathogen was isolated, morphologically identified and its pathogenicity was proved on susceptible commercial variety Solan Lalima and resistant line EC-251649 of tomato. Isolation of pathogen from the infected tomato fruit was achieved on Corn Meal Agar (CMA) out of two different media viz., Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and CMA. Fungal inoculum was prepared on Corn Meal broth. Inoculation with 10 ml of inoculum was found optimum in plant parts namely, stem, leaves and fruits. Parental lines were inoculated to test their disease reaction to buckeye rot. Symptoms of infection appeared on leaves and fruits only. Solan Lalima was found to be highly susceptible to with disease severity of 92 % and 100 % disease incidence, while EC-251649 was found moderately resistant on the basis of 16 % disease severity and 10 % disease incidence to the disease. After confirmation of resistance and susceptibility, the parental lines were surveyed for polymorphism using 42 primers and 32 were recorded to be polymorphic revealing that the differences are present at DNA level also. This is the very first study which evaluated parental lines for buckeye rot disease reaction on morphological as well as molecular basis. These lines will be further used for quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis/gene tagging for buckeye rot and marker assisted selection to provide improved varieties to the farmers

A Review on Digital Image Compression Techniques

No Abstrac

REVIEW PAPER ON DWDM TECHNOLOGY

DWDM system and the need of this system is discussed along with the operation of each component. The increasing demands of bandwidth lead to the enhancement in DWDM. The components of DWDM system are individually discussed. Various advantages and disadvantages of DWDM technology are discussed. The maintenance of optical signal quality and the factors that is important while the design and operation of DWDM are seen. The advantages of DWDM make this technology ideal for communication and other applications

A review on the pathogenesis of cutaneous non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and selected herbs as chemoprotective agents

The high incidence of NMSC (non-melanoma skin cancer) and the side effects of the available treatments disrupt the quality of life in more than one way. Particularly in the later stages, pain management and palliative care is the sole mean of alleviating the agony, all this warrants the need for alternative strategies with enhanced efficacy, better tolerance, and wide safety margins. Therefore, herbs in NMSC prevention and intervention are engaging due to their accessibility, efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and tolerated nature. Various components in the crude extracts follow 'Pharmacodynamic synergy', augment the beneficial effects of the active constituents, and reduce the likelihood of drug resistance. The extracts/active constituents of Azadirachta indica, Catharanthus roseus, Ocimum sanctum, Phyllanthus emblica, Santalum album, Tinospora cordifolia, and Withania somnifera demonstrated the anti-cancerous effect on distinct cancerous cells and animal models. Nonetheless, there is a lack of in vivo investigations validating its chemopreventive efficacy in experimental models of skin carcinogenesis. Therefore, the current review suggests the scientific community emphasize the extensive research on these herbs to obtain an efficacious drug as well as the people around the globe incorporate these herbs in their daily dietary habits/meals to obtain maximum benefit from these herbs

Inferior turbinate osteoma: a case report

Osteoma is the most common benign tumor of the paranasal sinuses. Turbinate osteomas are very rare and only five middle turbinate, two inferior turbinate and one superior turbinate osteoma cases have been reported. We present a rare case of osteoma of the left inferior turbinate in a patient presented with unilateral nasal obstruction that was removed endoscopically and conduct a literature review on turbinate osteomas arising from different turbinates

Mechanistic Insights of Drug Resistance in <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> with Special Reference to Newer Antibiotics

Staphylococcus aureus is the most ubiquitous microorganism in both environment as well as animals and exists as commensal and pathogenic bacterium. In past few years it has been emerged as a superbug causing serious burden on healthcare system. This bacterium has been found to be the most resistant one toward most of the antibiotics due to its rapid structural and genetic modifications. This chapter will shed light on various types of molecular mechanisms responsible for resistance of Staphylococcus aureus showcasing how it has been emerged as a superbug. Moreover, the recent approaches which include exploring of different drug targets keeping in view the structural and functional behavior of the Staphylococcus aureus has also been discussed

Digital transformation of healthcare sector. What is impeding adoption and continued usage of technology-driven innovations by end-users?

The digital transformation of businesses is no longer debatable, and the effects are visible in all sectors. What is arguable, however, is why the transformation has not been seamless—particularly given the multiple benefits of digitalization. We seek to address this question for the healthcare sector, where various reports have acknowl- edged end-users’ resistance to the adoption and continued usage of technology-driven innovations (e-health innovations). These accounts, though, are largely anecdotal, and the volume of academic research in the area has remained rather confined. To address this paucity of insights, particularly after the onset of the pandemic, which has brought the healthcare sector to the fore, we conducted a qualitative study among healthcare providers (doctors, nurses, and other clinical staff). The key objective of our study was to identify the perceived barriers and other inhibiting factors that impede individuals’ adoption and continued usage of e-health innovations. We conducted our study in the United Kingdom and analyzed the data using the classic approach of manual content analysis. Through these efforts, we identified barriers from the perspectives of healthcare providers (task-related, patient-care, and system barriers), healthcare organizations (threat perception and infrastructural barriers), patients (usability and resource barriers), and end-users in general (self-efficacy, tradition, and image barriers). Our study makes a noteworthy theoretical contribution by proposing a conceptual framework for resistance to e- health innovations that is grounded in innovation resistance theory (IRT). We also make some useful suggestions for practice that have the potential to accelerate the diffusion of e-health innovations

Dynamics of bell pepper using bio nutrient sources in the northwestern Himalayas

Bionutrients play a vital role in enhancing soil productivity and sustainable agricultural production. In vegetable crops, limited information is available on the relevance of bionutrients in solanaceous crops under protected conditions. Therefore, an experiment was planned to study the response of bionutrients under the modified naturally ventilated polyhouse in mid-hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh for two consecutive years. Various bell pepper varieties, viz., Mekong, Orobelle, Indra and DPCY1, were subjected to a set of bionutrient sources (beejamrit, ghanjeevamrit, jeevamrit and mulching). The results showed that there was a substantial increase in yield parameters in the treatment module, i.e., Mekong + beejamrit@ 200 ml/kg + ghanjeevamrit@5q/ha + jeevamrit @ 500 lt/ha at 21-day intervals + mulching @ 10 t/ha. This treatment exhibited a minimum number of days to 50% flowering (24.16), maximum number of marketable fruits per plant (28.40), fruit length (7.68 cm), fruit breadth (7.70 cm), pericarp thickness (9.15 mm), average fruit weight (109.53 g), plant height (84.06 cm) and marketable yield per plant (3.11 kg). However, Mekong + beejamrit @ 200 ml/kg + ghanjeevamrit @5q/ha + jeevamrit@ 500 lt/ha at 28-day intervals + mulching @ 10 t/hattreatment proved best for total soluble solids (4.58 °Brix), ascorbic acid (166.50 mg/100 g), capsaicin content (6.64%) and carotenoid content (2.43 mg/100 g). Horticultural and biochemical traits were appreciably enhanced after bionutrient application in bell pepper. Therefore, outcomes from the study point out that it is a feasible and economical approach for farmers

Patient Safety: Preventing Patient Harm and Building Capacity for Patient Safety

Patient safety is a global public health concern. It is a health care discipline with ever evolving advancement and complexity resulting in consequential rise in patient harm. Since the pandemic, patient safety has been threatened even more by laying bare the inadequacies of health systems. Many unsafe care practices, risks, and errors contribute to patient harm and overall economic burden. These include medical, diagnostic, and radiation errors, healthcare associated infections, unsafe surgical procedures and transfusion practices, sepsis, venous thromboembolism, and falls. Although patient safety has become an integral part of the healthcare delivery model and resources have been dedicated towards it, much still needs to be achieved. An attitude of inclusivity for all care teams and anyone in contact with the patient, including the patients themselves, would enhance patient safety. Incorporating this attitude from educational infancy will allow for better identification of medical errors and inculcate critical analysis of process improvement. Implementing the ‘Just Culture’ by health care organizations can build the infrastructure to eliminate avoidable harm. To reduce avoidable harm and improve safety, a constant flow of information and knowledge should be available to mitigate the risks. Lastly, proper communication and effective leadership can play an imperative role to engage stakeholders and reduce harm