367 research outputs found
Imaging in pleural mesothelioma: a review of the 13th International Conference of the International Mesothelioma Interest Group
Imaging plays an important role in the detection, diagnosis, staging, response assessment, and surveillance of malignant pleural mesothelioma. The etiology, biology, and growth pattern of mesothelioma present unique challenges for each modality used to capture various aspects of this disease. Clinical implementation of imaging techniques and information derived from images continue to evolve based on active research in this field worldwide. This paper summarizes the imaging-based research presented orally at the 2016 International Conference of the International Mesothelioma Interest Group (iMig) in Birmingham, United Kingdom, held May 1–4, 2016. Presented topics included intraoperative near-infrared imaging of mesothelioma to aid the assessment of resection completeness, an evaluation of tumor enhancement improvement with increased time delay between contrast injection and image acquisition in standard clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, the potential of early contrast enhancement analysis to provide MRI with a role in mesothelioma detection, the differentiation of short- and long-term survivors based on MRI tumor volume and histogram analysis, the response-assessment potential of hemodynamic parameters derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (DCE-CT) scans, the correlation of CT-based tumor volume with post-surgical tumor specimen weight, and consideration of the need to update the mesothelioma tumor response assessment paradigm
Competing Demands for Time and Self-Care Behaviors, Processes of Care, and Intermediate Outcomes Among People With Diabetes: Translating Research Into Action for Diabetes (TRIAD)
ObjectiveTo determine whether competing demands for time affect diabetes self-care behaviors, processes of care, and intermediate outcomes.Research design and methodsWe used survey and medical record data from 5,478 participants in Translating Research Into Action for Diabetes (TRIAD) and hierarchical regression models to examine the cross-sectional associations between competing demands for time and diabetes outcomes, including self-management, processes of care, and intermediate health outcomes.ResultsFifty-two percent of participants reported no competing demands, 7% reported caregiving responsibilities only, 36% reported employment responsibilities only, and 6% reported both caregiving and employment responsibilities. For both women and men, employment responsibilities (with or without caregiving responsibilities) were associated with lower rates of diabetes self-care behaviors, worse processes of care, and, in men, worse HbA(1c).ConclusionsAccommodations for competing demands for time may promote self-management and improve the processes and outcomes of care for employed adults with diabetes
Scheme dependence of NLO corrections to exclusive processes
We apply the so-called conformal subtraction scheme to predict perturbatively
exclusive processes beyond leading order. Taking into account evolution
effects, we study the scheme dependence for the photon-to-pion transition form
factor and the electromagnetic pion form factor at next-to-leading order for
different pion distribution amplitudes. Relying on the conformally covariant
operator product expansion and using the known higher order results for
polarized deep inelastic scattering, we are able to predict perturbative
corrections to the hard-scattering amplitude of the photon-to-pion transition
form factor beyond next-to-leading order in the conformal scheme restricted to
the conformal limit of the theory.Comment: RevTeX, 25 pages, 2 figures, 5 tables, minor changes, to be published
in Phys. Rev.
Radius Stabilization and Anomaly-Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking
We analyze in detail a specific 5-dimensional realization of a
"brane-universe" scenario where the visible and hidden sectors are localized on
spatially separated 3-branes coupled only by supergravity, with supersymmetry
breaking originating in the hidden sector. Although general power counting
allows order 1/M_{Planck}^2 contact terms between the two sectors in the
4-dimensional theory from exchange of supergravity Kaluza-Klein modes, we show
that they are not present by carefully matching to the 5-dimensional theory. We
also find that the radius modulus corresponding to the size of the compactified
dimension must be stabilized by additional dynamics in order to avoid run-away
behavior after supersymmetry breaking and to understand the communication of
supersymmetry breaking. We stabilize the radius by adding two pure Yang--Mills
sectors, one in the bulk and the other localized on a brane. Gaugino
condensation in the 4-dimensional effective theory generates a superpotential
that can naturally fix the radius at a sufficiently large value that
supersymmetry breaking is communicated dominantly by the recently-discovered
mechanism of anomaly mediation. The mass of the radius modulus is large
compared to m_{3/2}. The stabilization mechanism requires only parameters of
order one at the fundamental scale, with no fine-tuning except for the
cosmological constant.Comment: 20 pages, LaTeX2
Minimal Conformal Technicolor and Precision Electroweak Tests
We study the minimal model of conformal technicolor, an SU(2) gauge theory
near a strongly coupled conformal fixed point, with conformal symmetry softly
broken by technifermion mass terms. Conformal symmetry breaking triggers chiral
symmetry breaking in the pattern SU(4) -> Sp(4), which gives rise to a
pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson that can act as a composite Higgs boson. The top
quark is elementary, and the top and electroweak gauge loop contributions to
the Higgs mass are cut off entirely by Higgs compositeness. In particular, the
model requires no top partners and no "little Higgs" mechanism. A nontrivial
vacuum alignment results from the interplay of the top loop and technifermion
mass terms. The composite Higgs mass is completely determined by the top loop,
in the sense that m_h/m_t is independent of the vacuum alignment and is
computable by a strong-coupling calculation. There is an additional composite
pseudoscalar A with mass larger than m_h and suppressed direct production at
LHC. We discuss the electroweak fit in this model in detail. Corrections to Z
-> bb and the T parameter from the top sector are suppressed by the enhanced
Sp(4) custodial symmetry. Even assuming that the strong contribution to the S
parameter is positive and usuppressed, a good electroweak fit can be obtained
for v/f ~ 0.25, where v and f are the electroweak and chiral symmetry breaking
scales respectively. This requires fine tuning at the 10% level.Comment: 34 pages, 4 figures; v2: updated precision electroweak fi
Curves over every global field violating the local-global principle
There is an algorithm that takes as input a global field k and produces a
curve over k violating the local-global principle. Also, given a global field k
and a nonnegative integer n, one can effectively construct a curve X over k
such that #X(k)=n and X has points over every completion of k.Comment: 5 page
Resolving the Sources of Plasma Glucose Excursions following a Glucose Tolerance Test in the Rat with Deuterated Water and [U-13C]Glucose
Sources of plasma glucose excursions (PGE) following a glucose tolerance test enriched with [U-13C]glucose and deuterated water were directly resolved by 13C and 2H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy analysis of plasma glucose and water enrichments in rat. Plasma water 2H-enrichment attained isotopic steady-state within 2–4 minutes following the load. The fraction of PGE derived from endogenous sources was determined from the ratio of plasma glucose position 2 and plasma water 2H-enrichments. The fractional gluconeogenic contributions to PGE were obtained from plasma glucose positions 2 and 5 2H-positional enrichment ratios and load contributions were estimated from plasma [U-13C]glucose enrichments. At 15 minutes, the load contributed 26±5% of PGE while 14±2% originated from gluconeogenesis in healthy control rats. Between 15 and 120 minutes, the load contribution fell whereas the gluconeogenic contribution remained constant. High-fat fed animals had significant higher 120-minute blood glucose (173±6 mg/dL vs. 139±10 mg/dL, p<0.05) and gluconeogenic contributions to PGE (59±5 mg/dL vs. 38±3 mg/dL, p<0.01) relative to standard chow-fed controls. In summary, the endogenous and load components of PGE can be resolved during a glucose tolerance test and these measurements revealed that plasma glucose synthesis via gluconeogenesis remained active during the period immediately following a glucose load. In rats that were placed on high-fat diet, the development of glucose intolerance was associated with a significantly higher gluconeogenic contribution to plasma glucose levels after the load
Modern microwave methods in solid state inorganic materials chemistry: from fundamentals to manufacturing
No abstract available
- …