302 research outputs found
The Traditional Tunes of the Gibraltar Romances
The fifteen tunes transcribed directly from the field tapes of Prof. Oro Anahory-Librowicz, represent but a sampling of the rarely heard Judeo-Spanish ballad tradition from Gibraltar. All were sung by a single informant, Mrs. Flora Ohana de Roublev. Thus the tunes will serve as valuable comparative documentation for the on-going musicological researches concerning traditional Peninsula and Moroccan balladry.Las quince melodías, transcritas directamente de las grabaciones de campo realizadas por la profesora Oro Anahory-Librowicz, representan una mera muestra de la tradición romancística judeoespañola de Gibraltar, escasamente escuchada. Todas las cantó una sola informante, la señora Flora Ohana de Roublev. Así pues, estas melodías servirán como documentación fidedigna para las investigaciones musicológicas comparativas en curso sobre las baladas tradicionales de la Península y de Marruecos
A Comment on Junction and Energy Conditions in Thin Shells
This comment contains a suggestion for a slight modification of Israel's
covariant formulation of junction conditions between two spacetimes, placing
both sides on equal footing with normals having uniquely defined orientations.
The signs of mass energy densities in thin shells at the junction depend not
only on the orientations of the normals and it is useful therefore to discuss
the sign separately. Calculations gain in clarity by not choosing the
orientations in advance. Simple examples illustrate our point and complete
previous classifications of spherical thin shells in spherically symmetric
spacetimes relevant to cosmology.Comment: (Tex file + PS file with a figure) Tex errors were correcte
A Closer Look at Eduardo M. Torner's Bibliographic Survey of Spain's Traditional Music and Dance
Eduardo M. Torner (1881-1955) was among the most notable pioneers who contributed to the nascent field of ethnomusicology in Spain. His early field researches in Asturias and Galicia yielded exemplary publications and his associates included such outstanding figures as Ramón Menéndez Pidal, Manuel Manrique de Lara, Jesús Bal y Gay, and Kurt Schindler. The two bibliographies contained in this article, which Torner included among the essays in his classic Temas folklóricos: Música y Poesía (Madrid, 1935), represent but a mere sampling of the 4,000 entries he is purported to have gathered concering Spain's tradidonal music and dance. Fleeing first to Valencia and then to Barcelona at the outbreak of the Civil War, he utlimately sought refuge in London, where he continued his researches until his death. During the transitional period from Valencia to England, he lost his precious collection of photographs, historical documents, and personal manuscripts, together with his massive bibliographical compilation. Here I have reordered the bibliographies from Temas folklóricos, insuring that all his entries are accurate and complete, adding personal comments to Tomer's observations, and providing four indices: 1) Abbreviations and publications surveyed; 2) Authors; 3) Geographic locales, and 4) Subject matter.Eduardo M. Torner (1881-1935) fue uno de los más notables pioneros que contribuyeron al surgimiento de la etnomusicología en España. Sus primeras investigaciones de campo en Asturias y Galicia produjeron publicaciones modélicas, y se relacionó por su trabajo con figuras tan eminentes como Ramón Menéndez Pidal, Manuel Manrique de Lara, Jesús Bal y Gay y Kurt Schindler. Las dos bibliografías contenidas en este artículo que Torner incluyó entre los ensayos de su trabajo clásico Temas folklóricos: Música y Poesía (Madrid, 1935), no representan sino una mera muestra de las 4.000 entradas que se cree que recogió relativas a la música tradicional y danzas de España. Huyendo primeramente a Valencia y después a Barcelona al comienzo de la Guerra Civil, buscó por último refugio en Londres, donde continuó sus investigaciones hasta su fallecimiento. Durante el período de traslado de Valencia a Inglaterra, extravió su preciosa colección de fotografías, documentos históricos y manuscritos personales, junto con su enorme compilación de fichas bibliográficas. En este artículo he reordenado las bibliografías contenidas en Temas folklóricos, asegurándome de que todas sus citas sean exactas y completas, he añadido comentarios personales a las observaciones de Torner, y he elaborado también los siguientes índices: 1) Abreviaciones, incluyendo las publicaciones utilizadas; 2) Onomástico; 3) Toponímico; y 4) Materias
Federico Garcia Lorca as Folklorist: the Ibero-American Romance de don Gato
Federico Garcia Lorca's interest in ballads {romances) dates from his childhood. Among his unedited hand-written manuscripts in the archives of the Fundación F. García Lorca (Madrid) is a version of the widely-diffused Romance de don Gato whose source he did not reveal. Utilizing its text, we have sought out some sixty orally transmitted variants, including that of his sister Isabel, together with musical transcriptions representing some twenty-three sung versions and variants from among unedited and published Castilian, Catalan, Galician, Valencian, Portuguese, Sephardic, and New World sources.El interés de Federico García Lorca por los romances populares puede fecharse desde su niñez. Entre sus propios manuscritos aun inéditos conservados en el archivo de la Fundación F. García Lorca (Madrid), existe una versión del conocido Romance de Don Gato, sin indicación de procedencia. En nuestro estudio de dicho texto, utilizamos unas 60 versiones recogidas de la tradición oral, incluyendo una de Isabel, hermana del poeta, y 23 transcripciones musicales de fuentes (inéditas y publicadas) castellanas, catalanas, valencianas, gallegas, portuguesas, sefardíes y americanas
Slowly rotating voids in cosmology
We consider a spacetime consisting of an empty void separated from an almost
Friedmann-Lema\^\i tre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) dust universe by a spherically
symmetric, slowly rotating shell which is comoving with the cosmic dust. We
treat in a unified manner all types of the FLRW universes. The metric is
expressed in terms of a constant characterizing the angular momentum of the
shell, and parametrized by the comoving radius of the shell. Treating the
rotation as a first order perturbation, we compute the dragging of inertial
frames as well as the apparent motion of distant stars within the void.
Finally, we discuss, in terms of in principle measurable quantities, 'Machian'
features of the model.Comment: 21 pages, 5 figures, REVTex, accepted for publication in
Class.Quant.Gravit
Harrison transformation of hyperelliptic solutions and charged dust disks
We use a Harrison transformation on solutions to the stationary axisymmetric
Einstein equations to generate solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations. The
case of hyperelliptic solutions to the Ernst equation is studied in detail.
Analytic expressions for the metric and the multipole moments are obtained. As
an example we consider the transformation of a family of counter-rotating dust
disks. The resulting solutions can be interpreted as disks with currents and
matter with a purely azimuthal pressure or as two streams of freely moving
charged particles. We discuss interesting limiting cases as the extreme limit
where the charge becomes identical to the mass, and the ultrarelativistic limit
where the central redshift diverges.Comment: 20 pages, 9 figure
Gravastars must have anisotropic pressures
One of the very small number of serious alternatives to the usual concept of
an astrophysical black hole is the "gravastar" model developed by Mazur and
Mottola; and a related phase-transition model due to Laughlin et al. We
consider a generalized class of similar models that exhibit continuous pressure
-- without the presence of infinitesimally thin shells. By considering the
usual TOV equation for static solutions with negative central pressure, we find
that gravastars cannot be perfect fluids -- anisotropic pressures in the
"crust" of a gravastar-like object are unavoidable. The anisotropic TOV
equation can then be used to bound the pressure anisotropy. The transverse
stresses that support a gravastar permit a higher compactness than is given by
the Buchdahl--Bondi bound for perfect fluid stars. Finally we comment on the
qualitative features of the equation of state that gravastar material must have
if it is to do the desired job of preventing horizon formation.Comment: V1: 15 pages; 4 figures; uses iopart.cls; V2: 16 pages; added 3
references and brief discussio
A two-mass expanding exact space-time solution
In order to understand how locally static configurations around
gravitationally bound bodies can be embedded in an expanding universe, we
investigate the solutions of general relativity describing a space-time whose
spatial sections have the topology of a 3-sphere with two identical masses at
the poles. We show that Israel junction conditions imply that two spherically
symmetric static regions around the masses cannot be glued together. If one is
interested in an exterior solution, this prevents the geometry around the
masses to be of the Schwarzschild type and leads to the introduction of a
cosmological constant. The study of the extension of the Kottler space-time
shows that there exists a non-static solution consisting of two static regions
surrounding the masses that match a Kantowski-Sachs expanding region on the
cosmological horizon. The comparison with a Swiss-Cheese construction is also
discussed.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures. Replaced to match the published versio
Dual-frequency VLBI study of Centaurus A on sub-parsec scales
Centaurus A is the closest active galactic nucleus. High resolution imaging
using Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) enables us to study the spectral
and kinematic behavior of the radio jet-counterjet system on sub-parsec scales,
providing essential information for jet emission and formation models. Our aim
is to study the structure and spectral shape of the emission from the
central-parsec region of Cen A. As a target of the Southern Hemisphere VLBI
monitoring program TANAMI (Tracking Active Galactic Nuclei with Milliarcsecond
Interferometry), VLBI observations of Cen A are made regularly at 8.4 and 22.3
GHz with the Australian Long Baseline Array (LBA) and associated telescopes in
Antarctica, Chile, and South Africa. The first dual-frequency images of this
source are presented along with the resulting spectral index map. An angular
resolution of 0.4 mas x 0.7 mas is achieved at 8.4 GHz, corresponding to a
linear scale of less than 0.013 pc. Hence, we obtain the highest resolution
VLBI image of Cen A, comparable to previous space-VLBI observations. By
combining with the 22.3 GHz image, which has been taken without contributing
transoceanic baselines at somewhat lower resolution, we present the
corresponding dual-frequency spectral index distribution along the sub-parsec
scale jet revealing the putative emission regions for recently detected
gamma-rays from the core region by Fermi/LAT. We resolve the innermost
structure of the milliarcsecond scale jet and counterjet system of Cen A into
discrete components. The simultaneous observations at two frequencies provide
the highest resolved spectral index map of an AGN jet allowing us to identify
multiple possible sites as the origin of the high energy emission.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures (1 color); A&A, accepte
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