Molecular properties of ciprofloxacin-indion 234 complexes

The purpose of this research was to formulate tasteless complexes of ciprofloxacin with Indion 234 and to evaluate molecular properties of drug complexes. The effect of batch and column process, complexation time, temperature, and pH on ciprofloxacin loading on Indion 234 is reported. Drug resin complexes (DRC) were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and x-ray diffraction pattern. Ciprofloxacin release from DRC is obtained at salivary and gastric pH and in the presence of electrolytes. The efficient drug loading was evident in batch process using activated Indion 234 with a drug-resin ratio of 1∶1.3. Drug complexation enhanced with pH from 1.2 to 6, while temperature did not affect the complexation process. Infrared spectroscopy revealed complexation of—NH (drug) with Indion 234. DRC are amorphous in nature. Drug release from DRC in salivary pH was insufficient to impart bitter taste. Volunteers rated the complex as tasteless and agreeable. Complete drug release was observed at gastric pH in 2 hours. The drug release was accelerated in the presence of electrolytes. Indion 234 is inexpensive, and the simple technique is effective for bitterness masking of ciprofloxacin

A tale of 10 European centres – 2010 APOSSM travelling fellowship review in ACL surgery

<p>Abstract</p> <p>The purpose of ESSKA- APOSSM Travelling fellowship is to better understand the epidemiology, management and surgical techniques for sports across continents. There has been a progressive evolution in ACL reconstruction and there is variation in technique in ACL reconstruction amongst the most experienced surgeons in different continents. During this one month fellowship, we saw various ACL reconstruction techniques using different graft sources, with a variety of graft fixation methods, with the common aim of recreating an anatomical ACL reconstruction.</p