9 research outputs found
Quantum simulation of thermodynamics in an integrated quantum photonic processor
One of the core questions of quantum physics is how to reconcile the unitary evolution of quantum states, which is information-preserving and time-reversible, with evolution following the second law of thermodynamics, which, in general, is neither. The resolution to this paradox is to recognize that global unitary evolution of a multi-partite quantum state causes the state of local subsystems to evolve towards maximum-entropy states. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate this effect in linear quantum optics by simultaneously showing the convergence of local quantum states to a generalized Gibbs ensemble constituting a maximum-entropy state under precisely controlled conditions, while introducing an efficient certification method to demonstrate that the state retains global purity. Our quantum states are manipulated by a programmable integrated quantum photonic processor, which simulates arbitrary non-interacting Hamiltonians, demonstrating the universality of this phenomenon. Our results show the potential of photonic devices for quantum simulations involving non-Gaussian states
South-North dialogue on equity in the greenhouse. A proposal for an adequate and equitable global climate agreement
International climate policy is at a crossroads. On the one hand negotiations have reached a deadlock in the past two years as all countries wait for Russia to ratify the Kyoto Protocol. On the other hand there is a lively debate beyond official negotiations on options for the mid- and long-term development of the climate regime, and a growing recognition that such a development is of utmost importance. In the near future, progressive forces in the climate arena should strongly focus on bringing the Kyoto Protocol into force; in the years to come, the crucial issue will be how to design the climate regime so that it effectively combats further climate change without jeopardizing the basic development needs of developing countries. Regardless of when or whether the Kyoto Protocol enters into force, the challenge of future climate negotiations will be to embed the next steps in a long-term framework that aims at an adequate and equitable global climate agreement that takes into account the right to sustainable development of all countries
Quantum photo-thermodynamics on a programmable photonic quantum processor
One of the core questions of quantum physics is how to reconcile the unitary
evolution of quantum states, which is information-preserving and
time-reversible, with the second law of thermodynamics, which is neither. The
resolution to this paradox is to recognize that global unitary evolution of a
multi-partite quantum state causes the state of local subsystems to evolve
towards maximum-entropy states. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate
this effect in linear quantum optics by simultaneously showing the convergence
of local quantum states to a generalized Gibbs ensemble constituting a
maximum-entropy state under precisely controlled conditions, while using a new,
efficient certification method to demonstrate that the state retains global
purity. Our quantum states are manipulated by a programmable integrated
photonic quantum processor, which simulates arbitrary non-interacting
Hamiltonians, demonstrating the universality of this phenomenon. Our results
show the potential of photonic devices for quantum simulations involving
non-Gaussian states
Towards European standards for quantum technologies
The Second Quantum Revolution facilitates the engineering of new classes of sensors, communication technologies, and computers with unprecedented capabilities. Supply chains for quantum technologies are emerging, some focused on commercially available components for enabling technologies and/or quantum-technologies research infrastructures, others with already higher technology-readiness levels, near to the market. In 2018, the European Commission has launched its large-scale and long-term Quantum Flagship research initiative to support and foster the creation and development of a competitive European quantum technologies industry, as well as the consolidation and expansion of leadership and excellence in European quantum technology research. One of the measures to achieve an accelerated development and uptake has been identified by the Quantum Flagship in its Strategic Research Agenda: The promotion of coordinated, dedicated standardisation and certification efforts. Standardisation is indeed of paramount importance to facilitate the growth of new technologies, and the development of efficient and effective supply chains. The harmonisation of technologies, methodologies, and interfaces enables interoperable products, innovation, and competition, all leading to structuring and hence growth of markets. As quantum technologies mature, the time has come to start thinking about further standardisation needs. This article presents insights on standardisation for quantum technologies from the perspective of the CEN-CENELEC Focus Group on Quantum Technologies (FGQT), which was established in June 2020 to coordinate and support the development of standards relevant for European industry and research
Towards European Standards for Quantum Technologies
The Second Quantum Revolution facilitates the engineering of new classes of
sensors, communication technologies, and computers with unprecedented
capabilities. Supply chains for quantum technologies are emerging, some
focussed on commercially available components for enabling technologies and/or
quantum-technologies research infrastructures, others with already higher
technology-readiness levels, near to the market.
In 2018, the European Commission has launched its large-scale and long-term
Quantum Flagship research initiative to support and foster the creation and
development of a competitive European quantum technologies industry, as well as
the consolidation and expansion of leadership and excellence in European
quantum technology research. One of the measures to achieve an accelerated
development and uptake has been identified by the Quantum Flagship in its
Strategic Research Agenda: the promotion of coordinated, dedicated
standardisation and certification efforts. Standardisation is indeed of
paramount importance to facilitate the growth of new technologies, and the
development of efficient and effective supply chains. The harmonisation of
technologies, methodologies, and interfaces enables interoperable products,
innovation, and competition, all leading to structuring and hence growth of
markets. As quantum technologies are maturing, time has come to start thinking
about further standardisation needs.
This article presents insights on standardisation for quantum technologies
from the perspective of the CEN-CENELEC Focus Group on Quantum Technologies
(FGQT), which was established in June 2020 to coordinate and support the
development of standards relevant for European industry and research
Dimensions Of Well-Being And Their Measurement: The Spf-Il Scale
measurement instrument, structural equation modeling, subjective well-being,