257 research outputs found
Coupled bipolarons and optical phonons as a model for high-Tc superconductors
The coherence length of the new high-temperature superconductors reaches a small value which is comparable to the dimensions of the unit cell of the compound. This means that a pair consists of two holes occupying the same site or two adjacent sites. Such a situation is described by a model of the local-pairs (bipolarons). The origin of local-pairs may come not only from strong enough electron or hole-phonon interaction but also from other interactions. Independent of the specific nature of such local-pairs, they can undergo a Bose-like condensation to the superconducting state at a critical temperature which is usually much lower than the temperature of the pair formation. An interplay of ferroelectric and superconducting properties is considered within the model of hole-like local-pairs interacting with optical phonons. Therefore, researchers extend the usual local-pair Hamiltonian by including a direct interaction between the local-pairs and the optical phonons. These optical phonons are known to play an important role in the ferroelectric transition and they transform into an additional pseudo-acoustic branch at the ferroelectric critical temperature. (This is associated with nonzero electric polarization due to the existence of two separate lattices composed of negative and positive ions, respectively.
Coupled bipolarons and optical phonons as a model for high-T(sub c) superconductors
The coherence length of the new high-temperature superconductors reaches very small value which is comparable to the dimensions of unit cell of these compounds. This means that a pair consists of two holes occupying the same site or two adjacent sites. Such a situation seems to be described by a model of the local-pairs (bipolarons). The origin of local-pairs may come not only from strong enough electron or hole-phonon interaction but also from other interactions. Independent of the specific nature of such local-pairs, they can undergo a Bose-like condensation to the superconducting state at a critical temperature which is usually much lower than the temperature of the pair formation. An interplay of ferroelectric and superconducting properties is considered within the model of hole-like local-pairs interacting with optical phonons. Therefore, researchers extend the usual local-pair Hamiltonian by including a direct interaction between the local-pairs and the optical phonons. These optical phonons are known to play an important role in the ferroelectric transition, if any, and they transform into an additional pseudo-acoustic branch at the ferroelectric critical temperature. (This is associated with nonzero electric polarization due to the existence of two separate lattices composed of negative and positive ions, respectively.
Spectrally stable nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond formed by carbon implantation into thin microstructures
The nitrogen-vacancy center (NV) in diamond, with its exceptional spin
coherence and convenience in optical spin initialization and readout, is
increasingly used both as a quantum sensor and as a building block for quantum
networks. Employing photonic structures for maximizing the photon collection
efficiency in these applications typically leads to broadened optical
linewidths for the emitters, which are commonly created via nitrogen ion
implantation. With studies showing that only native nitrogen atoms contribute
to optically coherent NVs, a natural conclusion is to either avoid implantation
completely, or substitute nitrogen implantation by an alternative approach to
vacancy creation. Here, we demonstrate that implantation of carbon ions yields
a similar yield of NVs as implantation of nitrogen ions, and that it results in
NV populations with narrow optical linewidths and low charge-noise levels even
in thin diamond microstructures. We measure a median NV linewidth of 150 MHz
for structures thinner than 5 m, with no trend of increasing linewidths
down to the thinnest measured structure of 1.9 m. We propose a modified NV
creation procedure in which the implantation is carried out after instead of
before the diamond fabrication processes, and confirm our results in multiple
samples implanted with different ion energies and fluences
Life-threatening conditions in newborn - neonatal thyrotoxicosis. Case presentation
Tyreotoksykoza noworodków jest rzadkim, zagrażającym życiu
(śmiertelność 12-25%) i następstwami odległymi schorzeniem.
W pracy przedstawiono przypadek noworodka przyjętego na oddział
intensywnej terapii w 16. dobie życia w przełomie tyreotoksycznym,
u którego rozpoznanie tyreotoksykozy było utrudnione, ponieważ
nie prezentował on objawów typowych dla hipertyreozy,
czyli wola i objawów ocznych. Na pierwszy plan wysuwały się objawy
sugerujące zakażenie wewnątrzmaciczne w postaci zielonych,
mętnych wód płodowych, wcześniactwa, cech dystrofii wewnątrzmacicznej,
braku przyrostu masy ciała, powiększenia wątroby i śledziony.
Na zakażenie wewnątrzmaciczne wskazywały też wyniki
badań pomocniczych, takie jak: wysokie stężenie białka C-reaktywnego
(CRP [C-reactive protein] 51,4 mg/l, n: 0–5), leukopenia
(L 2,6 × 109/l, n: 6,0-21,0) trombocytopenia (płytki krwi 57,0 × 109/l,
n: 170,0-500,0), nieznaczny wzrost stężenia bilirubiny i enzymów
wątrobowych (AspAt, AlAt) oraz hipomagnezemia. Kolejnym utrudnieniem
rozpoznania tyreotoksykozy u noworodka było niezdiagnozowanie
u matki choroby Gravesa i Basedowa, której początek datował
się na trzeci trymestr ciąży.Neonatal thyrotoxicosis is a rare, life-threatening condition with
mortality rates of 12–25% and late sequelae. The authors present
a male newborn admitted to Intensive Care Unit with tyreotoxic
crisis when 16 days old, in whom diagnosing tyreotoxicosis was
hindered, since the boy did not present with typical signs, i.e. goiter
and exophthalmus. His major symptoms suggested intrauterine
infection (green, opaque amniotic fluid, prematurity, intrauterine
dystrophy, failure to thrive, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly).
Intrauterine infection was also indicated by lab results, such as
high CRP values (51.4 mg/l, normal range: 0-5), leukopenia (L 2.6
× 109/l, normal range: 6.0-21.0), thrombocytopenia (platelets
57.0 × 109/l, normal range: 170.0-500.0), as well as mildly increased
bilirubin and hepatic enzymes (AspAt, AlAt) and hypomagnesemia.
Another hindrance of diagnosing tyreotoxicosis was failure to diagnose
and treat maternal Graves’ disease with the onset in the
third trimester of pregnancy
Serum antinuclear autoantibodies are associated with measures of oxidative stress and lifestyle factors:analysis of LIPIDOGRAM2015 and LIPIDOGEN2015 studies
Introduction: Oxidative stress is one of many factors suspected to promote antinuclear autoantibody (ANA) formation. Reactive oxygen species can induce changes in the antigenic structure of macromolecules, causing the immune system to treat them as “neo-antigens” and start production of autoantibodies. This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between oxidative stress markers, lifestyle factors and the detection of ANA. Material and methods: We examined measures of oxidative stress indices of free-radical damage to lipids and proteins, such as total oxidant status (TOS), concentration of protein thiol groups (PSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA), activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in 1731 serum samples. The parameters of the non-enzymatic antioxidant system, such as total antioxidant status (TAS) and uric acid (UA) concentration, were also measured and the oxidative stress index (OSI-index) was calculated. All samples were tested for the presence of ANA using an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IIFA). Results: The presence of ANA in women was associated with lower physical activity (p = 0.036), less frequent smoking (p = 0.007) and drinking of alcohol (p = 0.024) accompanied by significant changes in SOD isoenzymes activity (p < 0.001) and a higher uric acid (UA) concentration (p < 0.001). In ANA positive males we observed lower concentrations of PSH (p = 0.046) and increased concentrations of MDA (p = 0.047). Conclusions: The results indicate that local oxidative stress may be associated with increased probability of ANA formation in a sex-specific manner.</p
Relationship Between Anti-DFS70 Autoantibodies and Oxidative Stress
Background: The anti-DFS70 autoantibodies are one of the most commonly and widely described agent of unknown clinical significance, frequently detected in healthy individuals. It is not known whether the DFS70 autoantibodies are protective or pathogenic. One of the factors suspected of inducing the formation of anti-DFS70 antibodies is increased oxidative stress. We evaluated the coexistence of anti-DFS70 antibodies with selected markers of oxidative stress and investigated whether these antibodies could be considered as indirect markers of oxidative stress.Methods: The intensity of oxidative stress was measured in all samples via indices of free-radical damage to lipids and proteins such as total oxidant status (TOS), concentrations of lipid hydroperoxides (LPH), lipofuscin (LPS), and malondialdehyde (MDA). The parameters of the non-enzymatic antioxidant system, such as total antioxidant status (TAS) and uric acid concentration (UA), were also measured, as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Based on TOS and TAS values, the oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. All samples were also tested with indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and 357 samples were selected for direct monospecific anti DFS70 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing.Results: The anti-DFS70 antibodies were confirmed by ELISA test in 21.29% of samples. Compared with anti-DFS70 negative samples we observed 23% lower concentration of LPH (P = .038) and 11% lower concentration of UA (P = .005). TOS was 20% lower (P = .014). The activity of SOD was up to 5% higher (P = .037). The Pearson correlation showed weak negative correlation for LPH, UA, and TOS and a weak positive correlation for SOD activity.Conclusion: In samples positive for the anti-DFS70 antibody a decreased level of oxidative stress was observed, especially in the case of samples with a high antibody titer. Anti-DFS70 antibodies can be considered as an indirect marker of reduced oxidative stress or a marker indicating the recent intensification of antioxidant processes.</p
Changes in the blood level and affinity to concanavalin A of rat plasma glycoproteins during acute inflammation and hepatoma growth
Optical-phonon resonances with saddle-point excitons in twisted-bilayer graphene
Twisted-bilayer graphene (tBLG) exhibits van Hove singularities in the
density of states that can be tuned by changing the twisting angle . A
-defined tBLG has been produced and characterized with optical
reflectivity and resonance Raman scattering. The -engineered optical
response is shown to be consistent with persistent saddle-point excitons.
Separate resonances with Stokes and anti-Stokes Raman scattering components can
be achieved due to the sharpness of the two-dimensional saddle-point excitons,
similar to what has been previously observed for one-dimensional carbon
nanotubes. The excitation power dependence for the Stokes and anti-Stokes
emissions indicate that the two processes are correlated and that they share
the same phonon.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure
Analysis of the impact of sex and age on the variation in the prevalence of antinuclear autoantibodies in Polish population : a nationwide observational, cross-sectional study
The detection of antinuclear autoantibody (ANA) is dependent on many factors and varies between the populations. The aim of the study was first to assess the prevalence of ANA in the Polish adult population depending on age, sex and the cutoff threshold used for the results obtained. Second, we estimated the occurrence of individual types of ANA-staining patterns. We tested 1731 patient samples using commercially available IIFA using two cutoff thresholds of 1:100 and 1:160. We found ANA in 260 participants (15.0%), but the percentage of positive results strongly depended on the cutoff level. For a cutoff threshold 1:100, the positive population was 19.5% and for the 1:160 cutoff threshold, it was 11.7%. The most prevalent ANA-staining pattern was AC-2 Dense Fine speckled (50%), followed by AC-21 Reticular/AMA (14.38%) ANA more common in women (72%); 64% of ANA-positive patients were over 50 years of age. ANA prevalence in the Polish population is at a level observed in other highly developed countries and is more prevalent in women and elderly individuals. To reduce the number of positive results released, we suggest that Polish laboratories should set 1:160 as the cutoff threshold. © 2021, The Author(s). **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 30 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Fadi Charchar" is provided in this record*
Relationship between anti-DFS70 autoantibodies and oxidative stress
Background: The anti-DFS70 autoantibodies are one of the most commonly and widely described agent of unknown clinical significance, frequently detected in healthy individuals. It is not known whether the DFS70 autoantibodies are protective or pathogenic. One of the factors suspected of inducing the formation of anti-DFS70 antibodies is increased oxidative stress. We evaluated the coexistence of anti-DFS70 antibodies with selected markers of oxidative stress and investigated whether these antibodies could be considered as indirect markers of oxidative stress. Methods: The intensity of oxidative stress was measured in all samples via indices of free-radical damage to lipids and proteins such as total oxidant status (TOS), concentrations of lipid hydroperoxides (LPH), lipofuscin (LPS), and malondialdehyde (MDA). The parameters of the non-enzymatic antioxidant system, such as total antioxidant status (TAS) and uric acid concentration (UA), were also measured, as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Based on TOS and TAS values, the oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. All samples were also tested with indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and 357 samples were selected for direct monospecific anti DFS70 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing. Results: The anti-DFS70 antibodies were confirmed by ELISA test in 21.29% of samples. Compared with anti-DFS70 negative samples we observed 23% lower concentration of LPH (P =.038) and 11% lower concentration of UA (P =.005). TOS was 20% lower (P =.014). The activity of SOD was up to 5% higher (P =.037). The Pearson correlation showed weak negative correlation for LPH, UA, and TOS and a weak positive correlation for SOD activity. Conclusion: In samples positive for the anti-DFS70 antibody a decreased level of oxidative stress was observed, especially in the case of samples with a high antibody titer. Anti-DFS70 antibodies can be considered as an indirect marker of reduced oxidative stress or a marker indicating the recent intensification of antioxidant processes. © The Author(s) 2022. **Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 30 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Fadi Charchar” is provided in this record*
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