5 research outputs found
Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire (NOSQ-2002) to German
Clinical Significance of the Echogenicity in Prostatic Ultrasound Findings in the Detection of Prostatic Carcinoma
Background: Transrectal ultrasound is commonly performed in the clinical evaluation of the prostate. Ultrasound-guided randomized sextant biopsy became the standard procedure for the diagnosis of carcinoma of the prostate (CaP). A guided biopsy of sonographically irregular lesions of the prostate is not performed in randomized biopsies. An almost generally accepted opinion is that hypoechoic lesions are suspicious for the presence of CaP. However, the role of prostatic lesions with an echogenicity other than iso- or hypoechoic, e.g. hyperechoic or irregular lesions in relation to CaP is not clear. The intention of the present prospective study was to clarify the role of different prostatic ultrasound findings with a new-generation ultrasound probe in regard to their relevance concerning the presence of cancer. Material and Methods: 265 patients who were referred for prostatic evaluation because of an elevated PSA serum level or a positive digital rectal examination were enrolled in a prospective study. All patients had a systematic ultrasound-guided sextant biopsy of the prostate and a 4-core biopsy of the transition zone. All biopsy cores taken were guided by transrectal ultrasound. In case of a sonographically suspicious lesion, biopsy was always directed into this area. The predominant ultrasound appearance was separately recorded for each core. Results: Carcinoma of the prostate was detected in 87 (32.8%) of the 265 patients. Biopsy cores with isoechoic ultrasound findings revealed CaP in 7.6%. The data for hypoechoic, hyperechoic, mixed-echoic and anechoic lesions were 34.5, 26.9, 21.1 and 0%, respectively. Hypoechoic ultrasound findings were less frequently found in the transition zone of the prostate, but the rate of CaP detection was the same as in the peripheral zone of the prostate. Conclusions:The transrectal ultrasound pattern of the prostate yields important information about the presence of carcinoma of the prostate. Especially hypoechoic lesions indicate the presence of CaP in a significant proportion of cases. However, hyperechoic lesions and lesions of mixed or irregular echogenicity were found to contain cancer in significant numbers as well, and should therefore be considered to be suspicious for cancer when performing transrectal ultrasound of the prostate. Directed biopsy of irregular ultrasound patterns in the prostate seems therefore to be recommendable.Hintergrund: Der transrektale Ultraschall ist die hĂ€ufigste bildgebende Untersuchung zur klinischen Beurteilung der Prostata. Zur Diagnostik des Prostatakarzinoms (PCa) hat sich die ultraschallgesteuerte Sextanten-Biopsie als Standardverfahren etabliert. Eine gezielte Biopsie irregulĂ€rer Ultraschallbezirke ist hier nicht vorgesehen. Es ist jedoch bekannt, daĂ sonographisch echoarm erscheinende Areale suspekt fĂŒr die PrĂ€senz eines PCa sind. Die Wertigkeit nicht einheitlicher oder echoreicher Ultraschallmuster ist jedoch bisher nicht zweifelsfrei geklĂ€rt. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, mit einem UltraschallgerĂ€t der neuesten Generation die Bedeutung der verschiedenen Ultraschallmuster bezĂŒglich des Vorhandenseins von Prostatakarzinomen zu klĂ€ren. Material und Methoden: 265 Patienten mit erhöhten PSA-Serumwerten oder suspekten Tastbefunden der Prostata wurden in die prospektive Untersuchung eingeschlossen. Bei allen Patienten wurden systematische, ultraschallgesteuerte Prostatabiopsien, wie in der Sextantenbiopsie vorgesehen, und 4 Zylinder aus der Transitionalzone entnommen. Bei der Biopsie wurde jedoch gezielt die Punktion in Bereichen von â falls vorhanden â irregulĂ€rem Ultraschallmuster vorgenommen und das entsprechende Ultraschallbild dokumentiert. Ergebnisse: Bei 87 der 265 Patienten (32,8%) wurden Prostatakarzinome nachgewiesen. Biopsiezylinder aus isodensen Bereichen wiesen in 7,6% ein Prostatakarzinom auf. Die KarzinomhĂ€ufigkeit bei Biopsie von echoarmen und echoreichen Arealen sowie von Arealen mit unterschiedlichen Echomustern und von zystischen Arealen wurde mit 34,5, 26,9, 21,1 bzw. 0% ermittelt. Echoarme Befunde wurden seltener in der Transitionalzone nachgewiesen, waren jedoch dort in etwa gleicher HĂ€ufigkeit mit einem Karzinom verbunden wie in der peripheren Zone. SchluĂfolgerungen: Das transrektale Ultraschallmuster in der Prostata liefert wichtige Hinweise auf das Vorhandensein eines Prostatakarzinoms. Insbesondere echoarme LĂ€sionen deuten auf ein PCa hin. Echoreiche LĂ€sionen und solche mit unterschiedlichen Echomustern enthielten jedoch Karzinome in so bedeutender Anzahl, daĂ diese LĂ€sionen ebenfalls als karzinomverdĂ€chtig eingestuft werden mĂŒssen und auch eine gezielte Biopsie dieser Areale im Rahmen der Sextantenbiopsie empfehlenswert erscheint.Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugĂ€nglich
Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire (NOSQ-2002) to German
Background
Occupational skin diseases are among the most prevalent work-related diseases. The Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire (NOSQ-2002) is a useful standardized epidemiological tool which enables screening of occupational skin diseases. The objective of this study was the translation and cross-cultural adaption of the NOSQ-2002 into German with particular attention to the clarity, comprehensibility and appropriateness of the translated version.
Methods
The adaptation of the German NOSQ-2002 follows the Principles of Good Practices of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR).
Results
After translation, the German version was tested by means of cognitive debriefing interviews. Overall, the translated German NOSQ-2002 was well understood by all 18 participants of the qualitative assessment. Only some modifications were required.
The whole process of translation and modification resulted in some minor alterations of the German NOSQ-2002 compared to the initial version. The result of the translation process is available at the Danish National Research Centre for the Working Environment (www.nrcwe.dk/NOSQ).
Conclusion
A linguistically validated version of the NOSQ-2002 is now available for German speaking regions. This is a prerequisite for future assessments of occupational skin diseases in accordance with international standards. Further research is necessary to examine the psychometric properties of the German NOSQ-2002