EKSTRAKSI SENYAWA ANTOSIANIN DARI KULIT BUAH NAGA MERAH (Hylocereus polyrhizus) MENGGUNAKAN METODE MICROWAVE ASSISTED HYDRODISTILLATION (MAHD)

One of the problems in Indonesia is the use of synthetic dyes in textiles and food. Synthetic dyes themselves can be replaced by natural dyes that are safer for health. Natural dyes can be produced from the pericarp of red pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus). The pericarp of the red pitaya has an anthocyanin content of 186.90 mg/100gram. The taking of anthocyanin compounds is usually done using several types of extraction methods. This study used Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation (MAHD) method. This method can utilize microwaves to extract natural material compounds. Extraction is performed using ethanol-water solvent (4:1 ratio), material size of ≤0.25 mm with variations in extract time of 2, 4, and 6 minutes. This research discovered that the optimum conditions were at 4 minutes in the MAHD method with an anthocyanin concentration of 52,184 (mg / 100g)

Sintesis Nanohidroksiapatit Berbahan Cangkang Keong Sawah (Pila ampullacea) dengan Variasi Konsentrasi H3PO4 Menggunakan Metode Ultrasound Assisted Precipitation

Nanohydroxyapatite with the molecular formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 is a calcium phosphate compound that is most widely used in biomedical applications such as bone and dental implants due to its high biocompatibility. The synthesis of nanohydroxyapatite can be carried out using CaCO3 rich materials such rice field snail shell (Pila ampullacea) with a composition of 93.4% CaCO3. The nanohydroxyapatite synthesis method used is Ultrasound Assisted Precipitation. Calcium obtained from the natural material of rice field snail shell (Pila ampullacea) was reacted with H3PO4 precursor at variable 0.3; 0.5; 0.8; 1; 1.3 M until a precipitate of nanohydroxyapatite particles was formed. To determine the effect of H3PO4 concentration, analysis was conducted on the characteristics of the synthesized nanohydroxyapatite. The SEM-EDX analysis revealed a Ca/P ratio of 1.59-1.72 with spherical particle morphology. The FTIR analysis indicated the presence of hydroxyapatite in the sample through the P-O and O-H functional groups

Sintesis Nanohidroksiapatit Berbahan Cangkang Keong Sawah (Pila ampullacea) dengan Variasi Konsentrasi H3PO4 Menggunakan Metode Ultrasound Assisted Precipitation

Nanohydroxyapatite with the molecular formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 is a calcium phosphate compound that is most widely used in biomedical applications such as bone and dental implants due to its high biocompatibility. The synthesis of nanohydroxyapatite can be carried out using CaCO3 rich materials such rice field snail shell (Pila ampullacea) with a composition of 93.4% CaCO3. The nanohydroxyapatite synthesis method used is Ultrasound Assisted Precipitation. Calcium obtained from the natural material of rice field snail shell (Pila ampullacea) was reacted with H3PO4 precursor at variable 0.3; 0.5; 0.8; 1; 1.3 M until a precipitate of nanohydroxyapatite particles was formed. To determine the effect of H3PO4 concentration, analysis was conducted on the characteristics of the synthesized nanohydroxyapatite. The SEM-EDX analysis revealed a Ca/P ratio of 1.59-1.72 with spherical particle morphology. The FTIR analysis indicated the presence of hydroxyapatite in the sample through the P-O and O-H functional groups

Pendampingan Menuju Sertifikasi Halal pada Produk "Socolat" UMKM Pondok Modern Sumber Daya At-Taqwa

Pemeluk agama Islam di Indonesia mencapai 87% dari total jumlah penduduk. Kebutuhan produk halal menjadi hal wajib bagi produsen maupun konsumen muslim, tetapi, kepedulian terhadap kehalalan suatu produk masih sangat rendah. Sertifikasi halal berfungsi tidak hanya sebagai perlindungan konsumen khususnya masyarakat muslim tetapi juga sebagai strategi perdagangan internasional. Pondok Modern Sumber Daya At-Taqwa memiliki Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) yang menghasilkan produk salah satunya adalah Socolat. Namun, produk tersebut belum memiliki sertifikasi halal. Produk Socolat merupakan produk makanan berbahan dasar coklat putih dan daun kelor. Produk ini belum memiliki sertifikat halal. Kegiatan ini bertujuan meningkatkan kemampuan UMKM dari Pondok modern Sumber Daya At-Taqwa (POMOSDA), hingga mampu membawa produk Socolat menuju proses sertifikasi halal. Strategi yang dilakukan antara lain:Melakukan pelatihan kader halal, pemetaan produk, menetapkan titik kritis halal berdasarkan Sistem Jaminan Halal (SJH) dan melakukan pendampingan sampai produk Socolat disubmit seluruh dokumen untuk mendapat sertifikasi halal. Pada akhir kegiatan ini, produk Socolat resmi menjadi binaan Pusat Kajian Halal ITS dan seluruh dokumen ajuan sertifikasi halal beserta kelengkapannya berhasil dibuat dan diajukan kepada Majelis Ulama Indonesia melalui Pusat Kajian Halal ITS

Hydroxyapatite Based Material: Natural Resources, Synthesis Methods, 3D Print Filament Fabrication, and Filament Filler

Hydroxyapatite is a biomaterial that has been recognized in terms of hard tissue engineering due to its similarity in composition to bioapatite. Moreover, abundant resources and diverse synthesis methods make hydroxyapatite easy to produce. The application in terms of 3D print-based network engineering is also being intensively explored due to hydroxyapatite scaffold fabrication process flexibility. In this review, various hydroxyapatite from natural sources, synthesis methods, hydroxyapatite-based 3D print filament fabrication techniques, as well as fillers used in the production of filaments are discussed

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Simulation of Mixing Tank at Milk Powder Factory to Reduce Material Losses

Industrial milk powder production applies the principle of a spray dryer. In the powdered milk industry using a spray dryer, there are still some problems in actual conditions such as fouling in the heat exchanger and losses. Losses are lost material or time so that result in losses for the company. The importance of finding material losses as soon as possible it is possible to make a solution so that initially unknown material is wasted in vain can be used as a finished good. Steps taken to resolve the problem material losses is to identify problems and data by making mapping losses according to actual conditions. After that, a CFD mixing tank simulation can be performed on Ansys with the aim of the simulation is to get the contour of the foaming phenomenon and find out the height the phenomenon of foaming (foam) with the properties set up begins at the beginning of making geometric designs with the size of the tank is 3.5 m and uses a marine propeller type,  then proceeds with meshing In geometry, meshing here uses the automatic meshing method due to the limited analysis students. after that the solving stage is carried out by inputting data such as density, viscosity and input multiphase (mixture), viscous (Large Eddy Simulation), as the boundary conditions of the geometry, after that by making a plane from the results of running to form a plane in geometry, then choose the results of the contour volume fraction to find out the phenomena that occur in mixing  tank so that conclusions and solutions can be drawn. Based on the results of data analysis and the field in the form of mapping and data on quantity losses, there are still some material losses in the form of wet and dry losses that have not been identified, initially the percentage ratio of material losses is 40.57% to 9%. One of the biggest contributors to material wet losses is mixing tanks which simulated until it is known that there is a foaming phenomenon. It interferes with the way it works level sensor which causes less maximum withdrawal of milk liquid by the pump. The best solution right way to reduce losses that occur in the mixing tank is to close the valve mixing tank output when showing 1.8% or can be rounded to 2% for safety pump. The liquid that is used as a product is 270 liters which is equivalent to 113 kg. If the calculation is carried out, the company can store 8,505 kg/month of powder

Karakteristik Biokomposit Edible Film dari Campuran Kitosan dan Pektin Limbah Kulit Pisang Kepok (Musa acuminata)

Kemasan plastik banyak digunakan pada industri makanan dan minuman di Indonesia karena praktis dan mudah. Namun, disisi lain ini merupakan bencana bagi lingkungan karena plastik merupakan bahan yang sulit terurai (nondegradable). Edible film merupakan salah satu alternatif yang dapat dipertimbangkan untuk menggantikan kemasan plastik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memanfaatkan kitosan dari limbah cangkang rajungan dan pektin dari limbah kulit pisang kepok sebagai bahan baku pembuatan edible film. Kitosan diperoleh dari proses degreasing, deproteinasi, demineralisasi dan deasetilasi cangkang rajungan. Pektin diperoleh dari proses hidrolisis kulit pisang kepok. Edible film yang berbasis kitosan dan pektin dibuat melalui proses blending dengan ratio (K:P) 100:0; 60:40; 50:50: 40:60 dan 0:100. Analisis karakteristik yang dilakukan meliputi warna, transparan, ketebalan, kelarutan dalam air, laju transmisi uap air (WVTR), kadar air, swelling degree, biodegradabilitas, dan aktivitas antimikroba. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan edible film kitosan dan pektin yang paling optimal adalah ratio 50:50