2,199 research outputs found
Adam Smith, Moral Motivation and Business Ethics
This paper shows how Adam Smith’s concept of moral motivation applies to business ethics and ethical consumption. Moral motivation for Smith is embedded in his moral psychology and his theory of virtue, particularly in terms of socialization and our social interactions and in his view that people always seek approval for their conduct, either though actual or ideal spectators. It follows that right conduct depends on the spectator’s awareness of one’s conduct. Thus concerning business ethics, transparency and accountability are essential, as opposed to anonymity which is detrimental. Applying Smith’s theory of motivation to consumption entails two further points: One, information concerning business conduct without consumers seeking it and acting accordingly will only have a limited effect. Two, people’s concern for the propriety of their action can and should include consumption, such that purchasing behavior becomes a moral issue rather than a mere economic one
The tangled web: investigating academics' views of plagiarism at the University of Cape Town
This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Studies in Higher Education on 26 Jul 2010, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/03075070903222641.This article considers the problematic question of student plagiarism, its causes and manifestations, and how it is addressed in academic environments. A literature survey was conducted to establish how higher education institutions approach these issues, and a twofold investigation was conducted at the University of Cape Town. Data was gathered from the case records of the university disciplinary tribunals dealing with plagiarism, and a survey was conducted among academic staff to establish how they dealt with issues surrounding plagiarism and academic dishonesty. Academics seem unwilling to follow official university policies if they are perceived to be unrealistic
The EU-LAC museums project and community-based museums
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 693669. For further information, please visit https://www.eulacmuseums.net/.For four years, the EU-LAC Museums project researched community empowerment and state-of-the-art initiatives in museums and in Europe and LAC and then created new research prisms to foster good relations between these regions through shared histories and a common vision. Throughout this process, the consortium oscillated between pushing the boundaries of given museum definitions and trying to locate a working definition for the project. The term ‘community-based museums’ became key to this process, providing a cornerstone for bi-regional museological understanding. This chapter explores this collaborative process and presents the findings of our survey ‘What is a community museum in your region?’Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Low-Level Lead Exposure and Intellectual Impairment in Children: Koller et al. Respond
Low-Level Lead Exposure and Intellectual Impairment in Children: Koller et al. Respon
Contribution of Fdh3 and Glr1 to Glutathione Redox State, Stress Adaptation and Virulence in Candida albicans
Acknowledgments: We thank Aaron Mitchell and Dominique Sanglard for providing the C. albicans protein kinase and transposon mutant libraries, and Louise Walker for the strain CAMY203.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Evidence for Multiple Pathways to Deuterium Enhancements in Protoplanetary Disks
The distributions of deuterated molecules in protoplanetary disks are
expected to depend on the molecular formation pathways. We use observations of
spatially resolved DCN emission from the disk around TW Hya, acquired during
ALMA Science verification with a ~3" synthesized beam, together with comparable
DCO+ observations from the Submillimeter Array, to investigate differences in
the radial distributions of these species and hence differences in their
formation chemistry. In contrast to DCO+, which shows an increasing column
density with radius, DCN is better fit by a model that is centrally peaked. We
infer that DCN forms at a smaller radii and thus at higher temperatures than
DCO+. This is consistent with chemical network model predictions of DCO+
formation from H2D+ at T<30 K and DCN formation from additional pathways
involving CH2D+ at higher temperatures. We estimate a DCN/HCN abundance ratio
of ~0.017, similar to the DCO+/HCO+ abundance ratio. Deuterium fractionation
appears to be efficient at a range of temperatures in this protoplanetary disk.
These results suggest caution in interpreting the range of deuterium fractions
observed in Solar System bodies, as multiple formation pathways should be taken
into account.Comment: accepted for publication in Ap
Filaggrin-stratified transcriptomic analysis of pediatric skin identifies mechanistic pathways in patients with atopic dermatitis
BackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD; eczema) is characterized by a widespread abnormality in cutaneous barrier function and propensity to inflammation. Filaggrin is a multifunctional protein and plays a key role in skin barrier formation. Loss-of-function mutations in the gene encoding filaggrin (FLG) are a highly significant risk factor for atopic disease, but the molecular mechanisms leading to dermatitis remain unclear.ObjectiveWe sought to interrogate tissue-specific variations in the expressed genome in the skin of children with AD and to investigate underlying pathomechanisms in atopic skin.MethodsWe applied single-molecule direct RNA sequencing to analyze the whole transcriptome using minimal tissue samples. Uninvolved skin biopsy specimens from 26 pediatric patients with AD were compared with site-matched samples from 10 nonatopic teenage control subjects. Cases and control subjects were screened for FLG genotype to stratify the data set.ResultsTwo thousand four hundred thirty differentially expressed genes (false discovery rate, P < .05) were identified, of which 211 were significantly upregulated and 490 downregulated by greater than 2-fold. Gene ontology terms for “extracellular space” and “defense response” were enriched, whereas “lipid metabolic processes” were downregulated. The subset of FLG wild-type cases showed dysregulation of genes involved with lipid metabolism, whereas filaggrin haploinsufficiency affected global gene expression and was characterized by a type 1 interferon–mediated stress response.ConclusionThese analyses demonstrate the importance of extracellular space and lipid metabolism in atopic skin pathology independent of FLG genotype, whereas an aberrant defense response is seen in subjects with FLG mutations. Genotype stratification of the large data set has facilitated functional interpretation and might guide future therapy development
A Parallactic Distance of 389 +24/-21 parsecs to the Orion Nebula Cluster from Very Long Baseline Array Observations
We determine the parallax and proper motion of the flaring, non-thermal radio
star GMR A, a member of the Orion Nebula Cluster, using Very Long Baseline
Array observations. Based on the parallax, we measure a distance of 389 +24/-21
parsecs to the source. Our measurement places the Orion Nebula Cluster
considerably closer than the canonical distance of 480 +/- 80 parsecs
determined by Genzel et al. (1981). A change of this magnitude in distance
lowers the luminosities of the stars in the cluster by a factor of ~ 1.5. We
briefly discuss two effects of this change--an increase in the age spread of
the pre-main sequence stars and better agreement between the zero-age
main-sequence and the temperatures and luminosities of massive stars.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, emulateapj, accepted to Ap
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