Ileoileal intussusception secondary to angiofibrolipoma

Intussusception is an uncommon cause of intestinal occlusion in adults, accounting for 1-5% of the causes. In this group it is important to rule out malignant tumors as the primary cause of intussusception. This pathology is explained by the invagination of a segment of the intestine onto itself. The clinical manifestations are those typical of intestinal occlusion. Within the study protocol, the CT scan shows the target sign or sausage image depending on the slice. Surgical management will be necessary in order to re-establish intestinal transit and remove tumors. We present the case of a 45-year-old woman with upper intestinal occlusion secondary to ileoileal intussusception due to submucosal angiofibrolipoma

State Variation in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the anus incidence and Mortality, and association With Hiv/Aids and Smoking in the United States

PURPOSE: Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) incidence and mortality rates are rising in the United States. Understanding state-level incidence and mortality patterns and associations with smoking and AIDS prevalence (key risk factors) could help unravel disparities and provide etiologic clues. METHODS: Using the US Cancer Statistics and the National Center for Health Statistics data sets, we estimated state-level SCCA incidence and mortality rates. Rate ratios (RRs) were calculated to compare incidence and mortality in 2014-2018 versus 2001-2005. The correlations between SCCA incidence with current smoking (from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System) and AIDS (from the HIV Surveillance system) prevalence were evaluated using Spearman\u27s rank correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Nationally, SCCA incidence and mortality rates (per 100,000) increased among men (incidence, 2.29-3.36, mortality, 0.46-0.74) and women (incidence, 3.88-6.30, mortality, 0.65-1.02) age ≥ 50 years, but decreased among men age \u3c 50 years and were stable among similar-aged women. In state-level analysis, a marked increase in incidence (≥ 1.5-fold for men and ≥ two-fold for women) and mortality (≥ two-fold) for persons age ≥ 50 years was largely concentrated in the Midwestern and Southeastern states. State-level SCCA incidence rates in recent years (2014-2018) among men were correlated ( CONCLUSION: During 2001-2005 to 2014-2018, SCCA incidence and mortality nearly doubled among men and women age ≥ 50 years living in Midwest and Southeast. State variation in AIDS and smoking patterns may explain variation in SCCA incidence. Improved and targeted prevention is needed to combat the rise in SCCA incidence and mitigate magnifying geographic disparities

Visceral Adipose Tissue: At the Intersection of Lipoprotein Associated CV Risk

Objectives: Internet can accelerate information exchange. Social networks are the most accessed especially Facebook. This kind of networks might create dependency with several negative consequences in people’s life. The aim of this study was to assess potential association between Facebook dependence and poor sleep quality. Methodology/Principal Findings: A cross sectional study was performed enrolling undergraduate students of the Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru. The Internet Addiction Questionnaire, adapted to the Facebook case, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, were used. A global score of 6 or greater was defined as the cutoff to determine poor sleep quality. Generalized linear model were used to determine prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). A total of 418 students were analyzed; of them, 322 (77.0%) were women, with a mean age of 20.1 (SD: 2.5) years. Facebook dependence was found in 8.6% (95% CI: 5.9%–11.3%), whereas poor sleep quality was present in 55.0% (95% CI: 50.2%–59.8%). A significant association between Facebook dependence and poor sleep quality mainly explained by daytime dysfunction was found (PR = 1.31; IC95%: 1.04–1.67) after adjusting for age, sex and years in the faculty. Conclusions: There is a relationship between Facebook dependence and poor quality of sleep. More than half of students reported poor sleep quality. Strategies to moderate the use of this social network and to improve sleep quality in this population are needed.Revisión por pare

Role of the Arabidopsis Glucose Sensor Hexokinase1 (HXK1) in seedling establishment

Light energy serve as primary substrates for photosynthetic sugar production in plant metabolic maintenance. In addition, light also functions as a crucial environmental cue initiating a series of signal transduction cascades downstream to the photoreceptors. Limited knowledge exists on the molecular connections integrating the metabolic and photoreceptor signalling pathways. The primary focus of this thesis is the plant glucose receptor Hexokinase1 (HXK1). Arabidopsis HXK1 performs a dual function 1) an enzymatic role in glycolysis catalysing glucose phosphorylation to generate glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) and 2) a transcriptional repressor role in response to exogenous sugar. While the enzymatic role required for ATP production during respiration is conserved across biological systems, the sugar induced nuclear signalling role has only been identified in yeast and Arabidopsis. In this thesis, I show that HXK1 operates during nutrient limiting conditions such as extended periods of darkness or suboptimal light in seedlings. A first-ever RNAseq enabled us to gain insights into the mutant transcriptome. Energy demanding pathways were downregulated and carbon starvation induced Branched Chain Amino Acid (BCAA) degradation pathway is upregulated as an alternate energy source. Supplying Glucose-6-Phosphate (G6P – HXK1 enzymatic endproduct) restored the mutant phenotype and the C starvation response during nutrient limited conditions. This highlights the requirement of HXK1 enzyme rather than the signalling component during seedling establishment. Nuclear HXK1 operates as a transcriptional repressor in response to exogenous sugar. It is postulated to function during feedback inhibition of photosynthetic genes. However, our data indicates that this does not appear to be the case when endogenous sugars are naturally elevated in seedlings. Further, I present preliminary data on the potential feedback regulation by HXK1Overpression (HXK1OX) in blue and red light signalling pathway. HXK1 exerts a negative control on blue light mediated photomorphogenesis. Red light negates this effect in a PHYB dependent manner. Although the transcriptomes are reflective of the phenotype, the molecular mechanism behind this response is unknown. Taken together, my thesis discovers novel facets of HXK1 during seedling establishment

Electromagnetic navigation transthoracic needle aspiration for the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules: A safety and feasibility pilot study

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary nodules remain a diagnostic challenge for physicians. Minimally invasive biopsy methods include bronchoscopy and CT guided transthoracic needle aspiration (TTNA). A novel electromagnetic guidance transthoracic needle aspiration (ETTNA) procedure which can be combined with navigational bronchoscopy (NB) and endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) in a single setting has become available. METHODS: A prospective pilot study examining the safety, feasibility and diagnostic yield of ETTNA in a single procedural setting. All patients enrolled underwent EBUS for lung cancer staging followed by NB and ETTNA. Feasibility of performing ETTNA and a safety assessment by recording procedural related complications including pneumothorax or bleeding was performed. Diagnostic yield of ETTNA defined by a definitive pathologic tissue diagnosis was recorded. An additional diagnostic yield analysis was performed using a cohort analysis of combined interventions (EBUS + NB + ETTNA). All non-diagnostic biopsies were either followed with radiographic imaging or a surgical biopsy was performed. RESULTS: Twenty-four subjects were enrolled. ETTNA was feasible in 96% of cases. No bleeding events occurred. There were five pneumothoraces (21%) of which only two (8%) subjects required drainage. The diagnostic yield for ETTNA alone was 83% and increased to 87% (P=0.0016) when ETTNA was combined with NB. When ETTNA and NB were performed with EBUS for complete staging, the diagnostic yield increased further to 92% (P=0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first human pilot study demonstrating an acceptable safety and feasibility profile with a novel ETTNA system. Further studies are needed to investigate the increased diagnostic yield from this pilot study

Photon Shielding Features of Quarry Tuff

Abstract. Cantera is a quarry tuff widely used in the building industry; in this work the shielding features of cantera were determined. The shielding characteristics were calculated using XCOM and MCNP5 codes for 0.03, 0.07, 0.1, 0.3, 0.662, 1, 2, and 3 MeV photons. With XCOM the mass interaction coefficients, and the total mass attenuation coefficients, were calculated. With the MCNP5 code a transmission experiment was modelled using a point-like source located 42 cm apart from a point-like detector. Between the source and the detector, cantera pieces with different thickness, ranging from 0 to 40 cm were included. The collided and uncollided photon fluence, the Kerma in air and the Ambient dose equivalent were estimated. With the uncollided fluence the linear attenuation coefficients were determined and compared with those calculated with XCOM. The linear attenuation coefficient for 0.662 MeV photons was compared with the coefficient measured with a NaI(Tl)-based �-ray spectrometer and a 137Cs source