Determination of the needs of the women with breast cancer for reproduction health

Bu araştırma, Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Hastanesi'ne başvuran meme kanserli kadınların üreme sağlığına ilişkin gereksinimlerini belirlemek amacıyla niteliksel yöntem kullanılarak yapıldı. Araştırmada veriler, Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Hastanesi'ne başvuran meme kanserli kadınlar için hazırlanan 'Kadına İlişkin Bilgi Formu' kullanılarak 15 Mart 2007-15 Eylül 2007 tarihleri arasında toplandı. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Hastanesi'ne başvuran araştırma kriterlerine uygun olan 20 meme kanserli kadın ile çalışıldı. Görüşmeler bittikten sonra verilerin ham dökümleri yapıldı. Ham verilerin, daha önceden belirlediği temalara göre sınıflandı. Bu temalar gebelik, emzirme, cinsel yaşam, gebelikten korunma, üreme sağlığını koruyucu davranışlardır. Bu çalışma ile hemşirelerin: Meme kanseri olan kadınların üreme sağlığı ile ilişkili konulardaki anlayışları arttırabilecektir. Bu çalışma hastaların özellikle kontrasepsiyon, tanı sonrası emzirme ve tedavi konularındaki endişelerini anlamamızı kolaylaştıracak bir çalışmadır. Sonuç olarak, meme kanseri tanısı almış kadınların üreme sağlığı konusu kapsamında incelenen gebelik, emzirme, cinsel yaşam, gebelikten korunma, üreme sağlığını koruyucu davranışlar gibi konularda eğitim gereksinimleri olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma sonucunda sağlık çalışanlarının; meme kanseri tanısı aldıktan sonra kadınlara, üreme sağlığı konusunda eğitim vermeleri ve danışmanlık yapmaları önerilmektedir.This research was performed using a qualitative method in order to determine the needs about the reproductive health of women with breast cancer who were referred to Adnan Menderes University Hospital. Research data were collected from the women with breast cancer who were referred to Adnan Menderes University Hospital using a 'questionnaire of women' from 15 March 2007 to 16 September 2007. 20 women with breast cancer who met the research criteria participated in the research. The interviews were completed and data were classified according to themes determined before. These themes were pregnancy, breastfeeding, sexual life contraception and the attitudes for reproductive health. With this study, we hope to increase the awareness of the nurses towards the issues related with the reproductive health of young women with breast cancer. In this study that we aimed the worries of patients' with breast cancer especially about contraception, breastfeeding after the diagnosis and the treatment be easily understood. As a result, we conclude that women with breast cancer had an educational need for the subjects like pregnancy, sexual life, contraception, attitudes for reproduction health. Health care professionals should understand that women diagnosed as a breast cancer have needs about the reproduction health and health care professionals should educate these women

Investigation of the Ultrastructural Changes and Hydroxyproline Levels in Mice Lungs Induced by Bleomycin Treatment

The present study was planned to investigate the ultrastructural changes and hydroxyproline level in the lungs of the mice induced by bleomycin treatment, Following 4 weeks of bleomyein treatment, the lungs were examined histologically (using light and electron microscopes) and the hydroxyproline level was measured at 4th, 6th, 8th, and 10th weeks of the experiment. Biochemical and structural changes that normally occur in lung fibrosis were also observed in our study, For example; lung hydroxyproline level increased progressively (p<0.05) and structural changes advanced to interstitial fibrosis from 4th to 10th weeks of the experiment Alveolar septum thickening, type II pneumoeytes increase and mononuclear cell  infiltration (lymphocyte, monocyte and macrophage) were seen. In addition, membrane-bound rod-shaped amorphous structures in the cytoplasm of alveolar macrophages were increased significantly (p<0.05).It is concluded that. bieomycin treatment may produce fibrosis due to increase in interstitial connective tissue, hydroxyprolinc level and the number of alveolar macrophages However, more studies are needed to demonstrate whether there isa relationship between the increased membranebound rod shaped amorphous structures and the occurrence of fibrosis

The Effect of Moclobemide, Reversible Inhibitor of Monoamine Oxidase-A, on the Alcoholized Rat Brain

This experiment was carried out to demonstrate the effect of moclobemide on the brains of rats fed on a diet containing alcohol. Thirty male rats, 200-250 g were used. Rats were fed with a diet (milk) containing ethyl alcohol (10%) in the alcohol-only treated group and were injected subcutaneously with moclobemide (30 mg/kg) in the alcohol + moclobemide treated group daily for 21 days. It is found that the serum ethanol level in the aicohol + moclobemide treated group was significantly higher than in alcohol-only treated group at the end of the experiment. Electron microscopic examination revealed more prominent neurotoxicity in the alcohol tmoclobemide treated group than in alcohol-only treated group. We concluded that moclobemide decreases the elimination of ethanol, However, more studies are needed to demonstrate its mechanism

General Overwiew of Clinical Evaluation in Nursing Education: Challanges and Recommendations

Hemşirelik eğitimi teorik ve uygulamadan oluşmaktadır. Hemşire eğiticilerin görevi, hemşirenin temel sorumluluğu olan bakım doğrultusunda, teorik ve uygulamanın bütünleşmesini sağlamaktır. Klinik eğitim, öğrencilerin yaparak ve yaşayarak öğrenmesine olanak sağlamakla birlikte, öğrenmeyi etkileyen koşulların kontrolünün sınırlı olduğu bir ortamda gerçekleşmektedir. Bu durum eğitimi ve onun bir parçası olan değerlendirmeyi etkilemektedir. Bu makalede hemşirelikte klinik eğitimin değerlendirilmesi genel çerçevede ele alınmış, değerlendirmeyi etkileyen faktörlere, yaşanan güçlüklere ve önerilere yer verilmiştir Nursing education consists of theoretical and practical components. The role of nursing educators to ensure entegration of theory and practice based on care that the main responsibility of nurse. Although, clinical practice allows nursing students to learn by doing, clinical training takes place in an environment that it is hard to control conditions effecting learning environment. This effects both clinical education and its entegral part of evaluation. In this article, clinical evaluation in nursing education was discussed in general manner and factors effecting student assessment, the challenges and recommendations were given

A Healing Source of Antiquity to the Present: Usage of Olive and Olive Oil in Folk Medicine

Looking at the historical journey of nutrients which embody the cultural pattern provides important data about people and their culture as a result of human sociality. Throughout the ages people have not only consumed the nutrients as mere food, but also benefited from the healing properties of these foods. Olive is one of the nutrients used as a source of both food and healing. In this study, olive and olive oil’s therapeutic purposes and its use in the folk medicine especially in the Mediterranean region in terms of historical phases are comparatively evaluated

Electroencephalographic density spectral array monitoring during propofol/sevoflurane coadministration in children, an exploratory observational study

Introduction: Propofol and sevoflurane have a long history in pediatric anesthesia. Combining both drugs at low dose levels offers new opportunities. However, monitoring the hypnotic effects of this drug combination in children is challenging, because the currently available processed EEG-based systems are insufficiently validated in young children and the co-administration of anesthetics. This study investigated electroencephalographic density spectral array monitoring during propofol/sevoflurane coadministration with fixed sevoflurane- and variable propofol dosages. Patients and methods: We analyzed the density spectral array pattern recorded during propofol/sevoflurane anesthesia in pediatric patients from birth to 11 years of age. Data from 78 patients were suitable for analysis. The primary outcome parameter of this study was the correlation between variable propofol dosages and the expression of the four electroencephalogram frequency bands β, α, θ, and δ. The main secondary outcome parameters were the intra-operative total EEG power and the prevalence of burst suppression. Results: In patients above the age of 1 year, a dose-dependent correlation between the propofol dosage and the relative percentage of β (−12.2%, p &lt; 0.001) and δ (5.1%, p &lt; 0.001) was found. There was an age-dependent trend toward increasing mean EEG power, with the most significant increase in the first year of life. In 14.1% of our patients, at least one episode of burst suppression occurred. Conclusion: DSA-guided augmentation of propofol anesthesia with sevoflurane provides sufficient depth of anesthesia at doses usually considered sub-anesthetic in children, leading to less anesthetic drug exposure for the individual child.</p

Comparative Analysis of Apoptotic Resistance of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated from Human Bone Marrow and Adipose Tissue

Aim. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from human bone marrow (hBM) and adipose tissue (hAT) are perceived as attractive sources of stem cells for cell therapy. The aim of this study was to compare MSCs from hBM and hAT for their immunocytochemistry staining and resistance to in vitro apoptosis. Methods. In our study, we investigated the antiapoptotic ability of these MSCs toward oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and serum deprivation. Results were assessed by MTT and flow cytometry. All experiments were repeated a minimum of three times. Results. Flow cytometry and MTT analysis revealed that hAT-MSCs exhibited a higher resistance toward H2O2-induced apoptosis (n = 3, hBM-hAT viability H2O2  58.43 ± 1.24–73.02 ± 1.44, P < 0.02) and to serum-deprivation-induced apoptosis at days 1 and 4 than the hBM-MSCs (n = 3, hAT-hBM absorbance, resp., day 1: 0.305 ± 0.027–0.234 ± 0.015, P = 0.029, day 4: 0.355 ± 0.003–0.318 ± 0.007, P = 0.001, and day 7: 0.400 ± 0.017–0.356 ± 0.008, P = 0.672). hAT-MSCs showed superior tolerance to oxidative stress triggered by 2 mmol/L H2O2 and also have superior antiapoptosis capacity toward serum-free culture. Conclusion. In this study we found that hAT-MSCs are more resistant to in vitro apoptosis

Electroencephalographic density spectral array monitoring during propofol/sevoflurane coadministration in children, an exploratory observational study

Introduction: Propofol and sevoflurane have a long history in pediatric anesthesia. Combining both drugs at low dose levels offers new opportunities. However, monitoring the hypnotic effects of this drug combination in children is challenging, because the currently available processed EEG-based systems are insufficiently validated in young children and the co-administration of anesthetics. This study investigated electroencephalographic density spectral array monitoring during propofol/sevoflurane coadministration with fixed sevoflurane- and variable propofol dosages. Patients and methods: We analyzed the density spectral array pattern recorded during propofol/sevoflurane anesthesia in pediatric patients from birth to 11 years of age. Data from 78 patients were suitable for analysis. The primary outcome parameter of this study was the correlation between variable propofol dosages and the expression of the four electroencephalogram frequency bands β, α, θ, and δ. The main secondary outcome parameters were the intra-operative total EEG power and the prevalence of burst suppression. Results: In patients above the age of 1 year, a dose-dependent correlation between the propofol dosage and the relative percentage of β (−12.2%, p &lt; 0.001) and δ (5.1%, p &lt; 0.001) was found. There was an age-dependent trend toward increasing mean EEG power, with the most significant increase in the first year of life. In 14.1% of our patients, at least one episode of burst suppression occurred. Conclusion: DSA-guided augmentation of propofol anesthesia with sevoflurane provides sufficient depth of anesthesia at doses usually considered sub-anesthetic in children, leading to less anesthetic drug exposure for the individual child.</p

Calvarial bone defects in ovariectomised rats treated with mesenchymal stem cells and demineralised freeze-dried bone allografts

Background: The aim of the study was to investigate the ability of a combination of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) with and without demineralised freeze-dried bone allografts (DFDBAs) to induce bone regeneration incalvarial defects in ovariectomised rats.Materials and methods: Critical size defects were filled with a combination of DFDBAs and BM-MSCs or BM-MSCs alone. Eight weeks after calvarial surgery, the rats were sacrificed. The samples were analysed histologically and immunohistochemically.Results: No difference was observed in vascularisation between groups C1 (animals with cranial defect only, control group) and O1 (animals with cranial defect only, ovariectomy group). Intramembranous ossification was observed at a limited level in groups C2 (animals with cranial defect with MSCs, control group) and O2 (animals with cranial defect with MSCs, ovariectomy group) compared to C1 and O1. In group C3 (animals with DFDBAs with MSCs, control group), the fibrous structures of the matrix became compact as a result of a bone graft having been placed in the cavity, but in group O3 (animals with DFDBAs with MSCs, ovariectomy group), the fibrous tissue was poorly distributed between the bone grafts for the most parts.Conclusions: We conclude that the insertion of BM-MSCs enhances bone healing; however, the DFDBA/BM-MSC combination has little effect on overcoming impaired bone formation in ovariectomised rats