32 research outputs found
Neofabraea kienholzii, a novel causal agent of grapevine trunk diseases in Hungary
Recently, more and more new fungal pathogens have been described as causal agents of grapevine
trunk diseases (GTDs), which lead to increasingly significant economic losses in viticulture worldwide. The genus
Neofabraea consists of species mainly known as important
plant pathogens causing perennial canker and bull’s eye
rot, a common postharvest disease of apple (Malus
domestica) and pear (Pyrus communis) fruits. Neofabraea
kienholzii also causes lesions on pome fruits and canker on
woody tissues, but its pathogenicity has not been demonstrated on grapevine yet. In 2015, two strains, identified as
N. kienholzii based on ITS sequence data, were isolated
from vines showing symptoms of GTDs in Hungary. For
an unambiguous taxonomic placement of the isolates, four
loci (ITS, LSU, TUB2 and RPB2) were amplified and
sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the
two isolates represent N. kienholzii. Pathogenicity tests
performed on potted grapevines, shoots, and canes confirmed the virulence of these fungi. Their growth and
sporulation on different media were also investigated. To
the best of our knowledge, this is the first proof of
N. kienholzii might cause symptoms on Vitis and might
have a role in GTDs
The fungus Kalmusia longispora is able to cause vascular necrosis on Vitis vinifera
Fungal diseases in agronomically important plants such as grapevines result in significantly reduced production, pecuniary losses, and increased use of environmentally damaging chemicals. Beside the well-known diseases, there is an increased interest in wood-colonizing fungal pathogens that infect the woody tissues of grapevines. In 2015, a traditional isolation method was performed on grapevine trunks showing symptoms of trunk diseases in Hungary. One isolate (T15142) was identified as Kalmusia longispora (formerly Dendrothyrium longisporum) according to morphological and phylogenetic analyses. To evaluate the pathogenicity of this fungus on grapevines, artificial infections were carried out under greenhouse and field conditions, including the CBS 824.84 and ex-type CBS 582.83 strains. All isolates could be re-isolated from inoculated plants; however, varying virulence was observed among them in terms of the vascular necrosis caused. The incidence and severity of this symptom seemed to be congruent with the laccase-producing capabilities of the isolates. This is the first report on the ability of Kalmusia longispora to cause symptoms on grapevines, and on its possible dependence on laccase secretion
GM Crops in Hungary: Comparing Mass Media Framing and Public Understanding of Technoscientific Controversy
Relating Ambrosia artemisiifolia and other weeds to the management of Hungarian sunflower crops
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Remarks on the Concept of Critique in Habermasian Thought
The main purpose of this paper is to examine the concept of critique in Habermasian thought. Given that the concept of critique is a central theoretical category in the work of the Frankfurt School, it comes as a surprise that little in the way of a systematic account which sheds light on the multifaceted meanings of the concept of critique in Habermas’s oeuvre can be found in the literature. This paper aims to fill this gap by exploring the various meanings that Habermas attributes to the concept of critique in 10 key thematic areas of his writings: (1) the public sphere, (2) knowledge, (3) language, (4) morality, (5) ethics, (6) evolution, (7) legitimation, (8) democracy, (9) religion, and (10) modernity. On the basis of a detailed analysis of Habermas’s multifaceted concerns with the nature and function of critique, the study seeks to demonstrate that the concept of critique can be considered not only as a constitutive element but also as a normative cornerstone of Habermasian thought. The paper draws to a close by reflecting on some of the limitations of Habermas’s conception of critique, arguing that in order to be truly critical in the Habermasian sense we need to turn the subject of critique into an object of critique
Automated personalised pricing practices online
The paper discusses the problem of practices of online automated personalised pricing in Internet-based trading. The first part concerns the economics of price discrimination; the second discusses the ways this can be carried out in an online shopping environment, and the third one deals with legal aspects of the personalised pricing online practice. Finally, the author tries to assess the question whether personalised pricing is illegal, immoral, or just something we do not feel entirely comfortable about
Automated personalised pricing practices online
The paper discusses the problem of practices of online automated personalised pricing in Internet-based trading. The first part concerns the economics of price discrimination; the second discusses the ways this can be carried out in an online shopping environment, and the third one deals with legal aspects of the personalised pricing online practice. Finally, the author tries to assess the question whether personalised pricing is illegal, immoral, or just something we do not feel entirely comfortable about