Translating self-efficacy in job performance over time: The role of job crafting

This investigation intends to uncover the mechanisms linking self-efficacy to job performance by analyzing the mediating role of job crafting. A two-wave study on 465 white-collar workers was conducted, matching participants’ self-report data (i.e., self-efficacy and job crafting) with supervisory performance ratings. The structural equation model showed a positive reciprocal relationship between self-efficacy and crafting behaviors. In turn, job crafting predicted performance positively over time. More importantly, results confirmed the mediating role of crafting actions, which may represent the behavioral process underlying the positive effect of self-efficacy on individual outcomes. Practical implications for organizations, such as encouraging bottom-up job design or designing job-crafting interventions, and future research directions are also offered

Conceptual Framework on Workplace Deviance Behavior: A Review

This article aims to highlight the importance of organizational climate with both destructive and constructive deviance behaviour in different cultural setting with workplace as a common ground. First, we discuss the need for research in workplace deviance especially destructive and constructive deviance behaviour with the review of previous studies from deviance literature. Next, we present the importance of climate and culture with both destructive and constructive deviance by proposing relationship among them with the help of a framework. The presented theoretical framework can be useful for conducting future empirical research. Finally, we present the conclusion and future research in conducting cross-national research with respect to deviance

Sensoren luisteren naar slijtage. Unieke demo op Van Brienenoordbrug

Nederland geeft jaarlijks zes miljard euro uit aan onderhoud, renovatie en vervanging van infrastructuur. Beslissingen worden meestal genomen op basis van visuele inspecties en van op ervaring gebaseerde vuistregels. Deze aanpak werkt, maar ingrepen komen veelal nuit op het juiste moment of zien sluimerende problemen, zoals scheurvorming in stalen bruggen, juist over het hoofd. Een nieuwe monitoringsaanpak belooft verbetering, tegen minder koste

Estudios ecol?gicos de ra?ces en sistemas agroforestales: experiencias metodol?gicas en el CATIE

Ilus. Tab. Glo. p. iii. Bib. p. 22-2

Agroforestry in the Amazon Region: A Pathway for Balancing Conservation and Development

This chapter argues for a broader conceptual domain provided by agroforestry practices as a key pathway for the reorientation of agricultural systems in the Amazon toward modes of production that combine productivity and sustainability. A contextualization of the multiple expressions of current agroforestry development in the Amazon shows that, contrasting with homegardens and shifting cultivation, ubiquitous in the region, planned or organized agroforestry systems are still minor elements of the agricultural landscape, often arising from farmers’ experimentation or resulting from initiatives funded by international cooperation. A “multichain” approach focusing on both established markets as well as “secondary chains” is suggested as a pathway for agroforestry to go beyond subsistence toward income generation and to reduce the constraints faced by Amazon farmers to intensify land use. The costs and risks presented by practices leading to intensification, aggravated by problems in regional infrastructure, limited access to adequate technical and financial services, and insecure land tenure require equitable development policies and programs to support such initiatives. A stronger policy identity for agroforestry in the region should thus recognize the provision of both economic goods and ecosystem services, and this chapter argues that given the carbon stored in agroforestry systems, the framework of environmental international agreements is an opportunity to combine environmental and livelihood benefits through the design, promotion, and dissemination of agroforestry strategies. A review of policies that can influence adoption of sustainable land use systems in the Amazon region attests their operation in a fragmented manner. These policies must be set as a cohesive whole, being agroforestry the common thread to support and link initiatives to reduce poverty and hunger, curb deforestation and CO2 emissions, and to mitigate climate change. Agroforestry will be then an effective strategy to bridge gaps between policies, and particularly in linking environmental opportunities with economic realities, while enhancing the livelihoods of smallholders, traditional communities, and indigenous peoples in the Amazon

Development of a simple standardized scoring system for assessing large vessel vasculitis by 18F-FDG PET-CT and differentiation from atherosclerosis

Purpose: This study is to develop a structured approach to distinguishing large-artery vasculitis from atherosclerosis using 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography combined with low-dose computed tomography (FDG PET/CT). Methods: FDG PET/CT images of 60 patients were evaluated, 30 having biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis (GCA; the most common form of large-artery vasculitis), and 30 with severe atherosclerosis. Images were evaluated by 12 nuclear medicine physicians using 5 criteria: FDG uptake pattern (intensity, distribution, circularity), the degree of calcification, and co-localization of calcifications with FDG-uptake. Criteria that passed agreement, and reliability tests were subsequently analysed for accuracy using receiver operator curve (ROC) analyses. Criteria that showed discriminative ability were then combined in a multi-component scoring system. Both initial and final ‘gestalt’ conclusion were also reported by observers before and after detailed examination of the images. Results: Agreement and reliability analyses disqualified 3 of the 5 criteria, leaving only FDG uptake intensity compared to liver uptake and arterial wall calcification for potential use in a scoring system. ROC analysis showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.90 (95%CI 0.87–0.92) for FDG uptake intensity. Degree of calcification showed poor discriminative ability on its own (AUC of 0.62; 95%CI 0.58–0.66). When combining presence of calcification with FDG uptake intensity into a 6-tiered scoring system, the AUC remained similar at 0.91 (95%CI 0.88–0.93). After exclusion of cases with arterial prostheses, the AUC increased to 0.93 (95%CI 0.91–0.95). The accuracy of the ‘gestalt’ conclusion was initially 89% (95%CI 86–91%) and increased to 93% (95%CI 91–95%) after detailed image examination. Conclusion: Standardised assessment of arterial wall FDG uptake intensity, preferably combined with assessment of arterial calcifications into a scoring method, enables accurate, but not perfect, distinction between large artery vasculitis and atherosclerosis