Study of Energy-Efficient Building Issues in Architectural Decoration

Creating green, energy-saving and environmentally friendly building products is the main theme of construction industry in order to achieve sustainable development. The study starts with innovations in energy-saving designs and energy-saving construction of a building’s interior decoration and other important aspects that use energy effectively, improve energy efficiency, as well as providing people with healthy, comfortable, natural and harmonious living and working environment, while realizing sustainable development of construction

Non-linear spacing policy and network analysis for shared-road platooning

Connected vehicle technology creates new opportunities for obtaining knowledge about the surrounding traffic and using that knowledge to optimize individual vehicle behaviors. This project creates an interdisciplinary group to study vehicle connectivity, and this report discusses three activities of this group. First, we study the problem of traffic state (flows and densities) using position reports from connected vehicles. Even if the market penetration of connected vehicles is limited, speed information can be inverted through the flow-density relationship to estimate space-and time-specific flows and densities. Propagation, according to the kinematic wave theory, is combined with measurements through Kalman filtering. Second, the team studies the problem of cyber-attack communications. Malicious actors could hack the communications to incorrectly report position, speed, or accelerations to induce a collision. By comparing the communications with radar data, the project team develops an analytical method for vehicles using cooperative adaptive cruise control to detect erroneous or malicious data and respond accordingly (by not relying on connectivity for safe following distances). Third, the team considers new spacing policies for cooperative adaptive cruise control and how they would affect city traffic. Due to the computational complexity of microsimulation, the team elects to convert the new spacing policy into a flow-density relationship. A link transmission model is constructed by creating a piecewise linear approximation. Results from dynamic traffic assignment on a city network shows that improvements in capacity reduces delays on freeways, but surprisingly route choice increased congestion for the overall city

Recombinant mycobacterium tuberculosis fusion protein for diagnosis of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: a short-term economic evaluation

ObjectivesRecombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis fusion protein (EC) was anticipated to be used for the scale-up of clinical application for diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in China, but it lacked a head-to-head economic evaluation based on the Chinese population. This study aimed to estimate the cost-utility and the cost-effectiveness of both EC and tuberculin pure protein derivative (TB-PPD) for diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in the short term.MethodsFrom a Chinese societal perspective, both cost-utility analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis were performed to evaluate the economics of EC and TB-PPD for a one-year period based on clinical trials and decision tree model, with quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) as the utility-measured primary outcome and diagnostic performance (including the misdiagnosis rate, the omission diagnostic rate, the number of patients correctly classified, and the number of tuberculosis cases avoided) as the effective-measured secondary outcome. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to validate the robustness of the base-case analysis, and a scenario analysis was conducted to evaluate the difference in the charging method between EC and TB-PPD.ResultsThe base-case analysis showed that, compared with TB-PPD, EC was the dominant strategy with an incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR) of saving 192,043.60 CNY per QALY gained, and with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of saving 7,263.53 CNY per misdiagnosis rate reduction. In addition, there was no statistical difference in terms of the omission diagnostic rate, the number of patients correctly classified, and the number of tuberculosis cases avoided, and EC was a similar cost-saving strategy with a lower test cost (98.00 CNY) than that of TB-PPD (136.78 CNY). The sensitivity analysis showed the robustness of cost-utility and cost-effectiveness analysis, and the scenario analysis indicated cost-utility in EC and cost-effectiveness in TB-PPD.ConclusionThis economic evaluation from a societal perspective showed that, compared to TB-PPD, EC was likely to be a cost-utility and cost-effective intervention in the short term in China

Study on Flow Field and Rotor Safety Characteristics of MSPs Based on Flow Thermo-Coupling

In order to obtain the structural intensity under the operation conditions of MSP (molten salt pump), the rotor component of MSP is taken as the research object. In this paper, the influence of material properties change on the structural performance of MSP at different temperatures is analyzed. The stress distribution and strain distribution of MSP rotor components under different loads are investigated, and the intensity calculation of MSP rotor system is carried out to explore whether it meets the intensity requirements under high temperature operation, which lays a foundation for the high temperature test of MSP. The results show that the maximum deformation position of the blade working face appears at the outer edge of the impeller. When the fluid-structure coupling is applied, the blade strain law and the strain law during thermo-coupling are similar. The effect of the temperature field on the degree of blade deformation is not significant, provided that other factors remain the same. The position where the impeller equivalent stress is the largest is mainly concentrated in the area where the blade is in contact with the front and rear cover plates at the outlet of the impeller. Different degrees of stress concentration occur in the area where the blade is in contact with the impeller hub. The distribution law of the equivalent stress on the surface of the impeller cover plate is that the equivalent stress value changes periodically along the circumferential direction of the impeller, and the number of change cycles is equal to the number of impeller blades. This study can provide a reference for the structural design of MSPs

Angle and Force Hybrid Control Method for Electrohydraulic Leveling System with Independent Metering

The electrohydraulic leveling system of the hydraulic press can realize automatic leveling control function. In order to eliminate the eccentric load force accurately, an electrohydraulic leveling system with independent metering is designed. Quasi-static behavior analysis of the leveling cylinders output forces performance is applied to the electrohydraulic leveling system with independent metering. The angle and force hybrid control method is proposed, and then the AMESim/Simulink cosimulation model is built. The HSIC controller and PID controller are used in the simulation, respectively. Simulation results show that both of the leveling angle control and leveling cylinders output forces control can be realized, simultaneously, and the HSIC controller has higher rapidity and smaller overshoot than the PID controller

Nondestructive Testing Model of Mango Dry Matter Based on Fluorescence Hyperspectral Imaging Technology

The dry matter test of mango has important practical significance for the quality classification of mango. Most of the common fruit and vegetable quality nondestructive testing methods based on fluorescence hyperspectral imaging technology use a single algorithm in algorithms such as Uninformative Variable Elimination (UVE), Random Frog (RF), Competitive Adaptive Reweighted Sampling (CARS) and Continuous Projection Algorithm (SPA) to extract feature spectral variables, and the use of these algorithms alone can easily lead to the insufficient stability of prediction results. In this regard, a nondestructive detection method for the dry matter of mango based on hyperspectral fluorescence imaging technology was carried out. Taking the ‘Keitt’ mango as the research object, the mango samples were numbered in sequence, and their fluorescence hyperspectral images in the wavelength range of 350–1100 nm were collected, and the average spectrum of the region of interest was used as the effective spectral information of the sample. Select SPXY algorithm to divide samples into a calibration set and prediction set, and select Orthogonal Signal Correction (OSC) as preprocessing method. For the preprocessed spectra, the primary dimensionality reduction (UVE, SPA, RF, CARS), the primary combined dimensionality reduction (UVE + RF, CARS + RF, CARS + SPA), and the secondary combined dimensionality reduction algorithm ((CARS + SPA)-SPA, (UVE + RF)-SPA) and other 12 algorithms were used to extract feature variables. Separately constructed predictive models for predicting the dry matter of mangoes, namely, Support Vector Regression (SVR), Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), and Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) model, were used; The results show that (CARS + RF)-SPA-BPNN has the best prediction performance for mango dry matter, its correlation coefficients were RC2 = 0.9710, RP2 = 0.9658, RMSEC = 0.1418, RMSEP = 0.1526, this method provides a reliable theoretical basis and technical support for the non-destructive detection, and precise and intelligent development of mango dry matter detection

Synthesis of rutile TiO₂ powder by microwave-enhanced roasting followed by hydrochloric acid leaching

Abstract In this paper, the preparation of rutile TiO₂ powder from titanium slag by microwave-assisted activation roasting followed by hydrochloric acid leaching was investigated. The effects of the additive Na₂CO₃ on the crystal form, cell, crystallinity, phase transformation, surface functional groups and micro-surface structure of the calcined product were systematically studied using X-ray powder diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The results confirmed that the strongest characteristic Raman bands of rutile TiO₂ and the weakest FT-IR bands of (CO₃)⁻² were found when the Na₂CO₃ mass ratio was 0.4. Accordingly, the crystallinity for the product, namely short rod structure rutile TiO₂ powder, reached its peak value of 99.21% with a corresponding average grain size of 43.5 nm. The excessive Na₂CO₃ was found to be disadvantageous for the crystallinity of the product, since it formed a coverage on the surface of titanium slag which prevented the oxidation reaction for the decomposition of anosovite

A Switchable Site-Specific Antibody Conjugate

Genetic incorporation of unnatural amino acids (UAAs) provides a unique approach to the synthesis of site-specific antibody conjugates that are homogeneous and better defined constructs than random conjugates. Yet, the yield varies for every antibody, and the process is costly and time-consuming. We have developed a switchable αGCN4-Fab conjugate that incorporates UAA p-acetylphenylalanine. The GCN4 peptide is used as a switch, and antibodies fused by GCN4 can direct the αGCN4-Fab conjugate to target different cancer cells for diagnosis, imaging, or therapeutic treatment. More importantly, this switchable conjugate demonstrated an impressive potential for pretargeted imaging <i>in vivo</i>. This approach illustrates the utility of an orthogonal switch as a general strategy to endow versatility to a single antibody conjugate, which should facilitate the application of UAA-based site-specific conjugates for a host of biomedical uses in the future