TELAAH KEWENANGAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI

Based on the amendment of UUD 1945 the position of state organizations is placed based on the spirit of constitution reformation. It is the form of maintenance on differentiates principal / authority divisions, checks and balance systems to the constitutional process. The Constitutional Court that is one of the highest judgmental institutions has a series of duties and authority will colour the state structure systems of Indonesia

Perspectives and Limits of Judicial Discretion in Nigerian Courts

The paper examines the judicial power of discretion, the meaning, the perspective of the use, and certain legally stipulated limitations to the exercise of the power by judges; by asking the question of whether in certain circumstances, where the laws fail to provide definite solutions for matters before the court, and the courts embark on interpolation in other to identify and apply related concepts and rules to arrive at a decision, amounts to making laws?, A fact which judges often deny, yet seldom create  fresh rules and theories in order to fill the vacuum left by legislation. After all, a court would not simply throw out a case simply because there is no law that directly regulates the subject for which the court is called upon to decide

Religion, The Law and Nigeria’s Challenge of Preserving Nationhood

This paper examines the meaning and concept of Nationhood and appraises the argument of whether Nigeria is a nation or on the gradual path towards nationhood, and the complicated role of religion in the delicate balance and how the law acts as a pendulum of preponderance in containing the excesses of respective adherents. Concluding the paper by suggesting strategies for the country to surmount the challenges of preserving the Nation in the midst of the extreme and intense tensions of various kinds chief of which is religious intolerance and corruption, and how the law can aid in attaining the goals

Constructional features of a 15-litre home-made bioreactor for fed-batch fermentations

A 15-litre bench-top multipurpose bioreactor was designed and constructed. The vessel is a glass type with a stainless flat headplate incorporating 9 access ports allowing for a variety of interchangeable probes and actuators. The stirring speed ranges between 0 and 250 rpm, the aeration rate (0-2 l/m), the pH control loop uses HI 1131 probe, two 100 ml bottles of HCl and NaOH solutions and operates a close feedback system. The temperature control module is a close loop using a PT 100 RTD   thermocouple and an auxiliary vessel containing a cooling solution. The aeration and feed flow rates are open loops. The system incorporates attributes of a good bioreactor design as discussed by Naraendranathan (1998). Sterility is achieved by autoclaving different units of the system. This machine has been tested on an array of local standard fermentation processes. (African Journal of Biotechnology: 2003 2(8): 233-236

Dynamic interaction between structure and liquid propellants in a space shuttle vehicle model, part 1 Final report

Dynamic interaction between structure and liquid propellants in space shuttle vehicle model

Coupling between structure and liquids in a parallel stage space shuttle design

A study was conducted to determine the influence of liquid propellants on the dynamic loads for space shuttle vehicles. A parallel-stage configuration model was designed and tested to determine the influence of liquid propellants on coupled natural modes. A forty degree-of-freedom analytical model was also developed for predicting these modes. Currently available analytical models were used to represent the liquid contributions, even though coupled longitudinal and lateral motions are present in such a complex structure. Agreement between the results was found in the lower few modes

Executive orders in Nigeria as valid legislative instruments and administrative tools

In carrying out the function of the office, the President in a presidential system such as Nigeria and the United States may issue orders to agents and agencies of the  executive branch. These orders may set out government policies, issue directives or command action relating to functions of the executive arm. Particularly, when  Executive Orders are gazetted and made enforceable with the force of law. An order issued by the President becomes rather controversial when it purports to make law. This paper identifies the nature and definition of executive orders, the questions of use, legality and form of executive orders. The paper also appraises the law on  modifying and challenging executive orders. It then ends with a conclusion that  executive orders may be law-making in disguise and also serves as administrative tools. This dual nature demonstrates that in Nigeria, there is both separation and sharing of powers. Finally, recommendations are made for transparency and  accountability in the use of executive orders. The methodology adopted in arriving at the findings is doctrinal mainly relying on decided cases and existing literature on the subject or related subjects.Key words: Legislature, executive orders, constitution, administrativ

An experimental study of axisymmetric modes in various propellant tanks containing liquid

An experimental study of several models used to analyze the longitudinal dynamics of oscillations in launch vehicle propellant tanks, is presented. Several vehicle structural configurations are considered: hemispherical and spherical, cylindrical and spherical, and semiellipsoidal and ellipsoidal. Various bulkheads and flanges are used with each configuration. The results are given in graphs

Antimicrobial resistance of bacterial strains isolated from orange juice products

Forty samples of twenty brands of sachet orange juice products were examined microbiologically. All the products were contaminated with bacteria and yeasts. The organisms encountered include Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces sp, Rhodotorula sp, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Micrococcus sp. The resistances of thirty bacterial strains isolated from orange juice products to the commonly used antibiotics were studied. About 66.67% of the isolates were resistant to augmentin and amoxycillin; 63.33% to cotrimoxazole, 56% to cloxacillin, and 23.33% to tetracycline. Resistances of 10, 6.67, and 3.33% were obtained for gentamicin, erythromycin and chloramphenicol respectively. Among the eight antibiotics tested, seven patterns of drug resistance were obtained. Six out of these are multiple-drug resistance with number of antibiotics ranging between 2 to 8. While MIC of amoxycillin ranged between 10-25mg/ml for the strains of E. coli, MIC of 10-20mg/ml was obtained for the strains of S. aureus. The MIC for cloxacillin was 0.1-1.0mg/ml for E. coli strains, and 0.01-1.0mg/ml for S. aureus strains. In all, ten strains of the bacterial isolates had evidence for the production of β-lactamases. Key words: Orange juice, antibiotics, resistance pattern, β-lactamase, microbiological standard. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol.3(6) 2004: 334-33