The Potency of Coconut Coir Pulp and Ginger Dregs Oleoresin as Active Food Packaging Materials: A Review

The development of food packaging innovations is ongoing, from materials to varied shapes and designs.  Paper packaging is one of the various types of packaging that are widely used as an alternative to plastic packaging.  However, the high use of paper can damage the environment, such as deforestation and reduction of green land.  Alternative raw materials for making paper need to be studied further, and the addition of active ingredients will be an added value compared to ordinary paper packaging.  This narrative review will examine the potential of active food packaging from coconut fiber and the addition of ginger pulp oleoresin.  Coconut coir is waste from coconut production that is underutilized, while 25% of one coconut is produced from waste in the form of coconut coir.  Coconut coir can replace wood's cellulose fibers to manufacture biodegradable, environmentally friendly paper.  Ginger flesh contains oleoresin as an antimicrobial agent. Oleoresin is a mixture of essential oils and resins obtained by extraction.  Adding these antimicrobial substances will produce active packaging that effectively handles and prevents contamination and microbial growth in food.  Therefore, paper made from coconut coir pulp with the addition of oleoresin has the potential to be developed into active food packaging as an effort to conserve the environment and utilize waste

DIVERSIFIKASI HIWAN TAHU BERBASIS HASIL SAMPING TAHU BAKSO BU PUDJI UNGARAN

Ungaran merupakan salah satu kota yang berada di pulau Jawa yang memiliki berbagai jenis makanan salah satunya yaitu tahu bakso. Tahu bakso yang sudah dikenal oleh masyarakat yaitu Tahu Baxo Ibu Pudji. UMKM memproduksi tahu dalam jumlah banyak setiap harinya dan selama proses sortir ditemukan tahu yang tidak memenuhi standar perusahaan yang kurang dimanfaatkan secara optimal banyak di UMKM sering ditemukan tahu yang tidak memenuhi standar perusahaan. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian di UMKM Tahu Baxo Ibu Pudji di Ungaran yaitu untuk memanfaatkan hasil samping (by product) tahu bakso menjadi produk diversifikasi yang bernilai jual tinggi sehingga dapat meningkatkan pendapatan bagi UMKM. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini yaitu survei pasar, perencanaan kegiatan, pelaksanaan kegiatan, evaluasi, dan pelaporan hasil. Hasil samping (by product) tahu bakso dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi bahan baku pembuatan produk diversifikasi seperti hiwan tahu untuk meningkatkan nilai ekonomi. Pembuatan hiwan tahu dinilai memiliki inovasi, kreatif, dan aman dikonsumsi oleh seluruh masyarakat. Kegiatan ini dapat menghasilkan produk yang diterima baik oleh panelis dan memiliki hasil yang baik dari segi rasa, tekstur, aroma, dan bentuk

Visual Performance of Fermented Whey with the Addition of Pectin and Chitosan During 24 Hours Storage at Refrigerator Temperature

Fermentation of whey often faces problems with the product clarity due to the milk solids residue from previous cheese making process. The aim of this research was to determine the clarity and the performance of fermented whey precipitation process in the presence of pectin and chitosan as coagulant. Whey was initially pasteurized and added with pectin and chitosan prior to fermentation with mixed starter culture. Fermented whey was stored in refrigerator for 24 hours. Data were obtained using visual analysis by 15 semi-trained panelists. Qualitative scorings were given by (+) or (-) markings from the specified criteria. The data were compiled in a table, showcasing the observed characteristics at the initial and final states of fermentation. The results showed that the highest clarity (+++) was achieved by the fermented whey with the addition of pectin, as well as most stable sediment performance (+++) was also produced by pectin treatment. However, while fermented whey with the addition of pectin exhibited clarity, the level of clarity achieved by fermented whey with the addition of chitosan was superior

Edible mushroom potency to alleviate stunting through gut microbiota modulation: A review

Stunting telah menjadi hal yang patut diperhatikan bagi Indonesia, karena 30,8% balita di Indonesia mengalami stunting pada 2018. Stunting menyebabkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan, terutama kapasistas inteligensi, anak menjadi tidak optimal. Di kemudian hari, stunting akan memengaruhi produktivitas anak tersebut di masa dewasanya hingga kualitas sumber daya manusia nasional. Stunting menunjukkan tidak tercukupinya kebutuhan nutrisi anak terutama pada 1.000 hari pertama kehidupannya, yang dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor. Asupan nutrisi yang tidak mencukupi dan terkena penyakit menular menjadi penyebab langsung seorang anak mengalami stunting. Penelitian terkini telah mempelajari bahwa mikroorganisme yang menghuni saluran pencernaan manusia dapat memengaruhi kesehatan tubuh manusianya itu sendiri. Kemudian, ditemukan perbedaan komposisi jenis-jenis mikroorganisme pada usus manusia yang sehat dan yang mengalami stunting. Sehingga, terdapat hipotesis bahwa stunting dapat ditanggulangi dengan mengubah komposisi mikrobiota usus. Di Indonesia, berbagai jenis jamur pangan telah umum dikonsumsi. Jamur pangan tidak hanya mengandung serat pangan, vitamin dan mineral yang tinggi, namun juga telah dikenal memiliki efek immunomodulatory. Jamur pagan juga mengandung berbagai jenis karbohidrat yang berpotensi memiliki aktifitas prebiotik, seperti kitin, hemiselulosa, β- dan α- glukan, manan, xylan, dan galaktan. Sehingga jamur pangan dapat berpotensi memodulasi mikrobiota usus dan memberikan efek kesehatan terhadap tubuh manusia. Artikel ini akan menunjukkan beberapa kajian potensi prebiotik dari jamur pangan, potensinya dalam mengubah komposisi mikrobiota usus dan menanggulangi stunting. Artikel ini juga akan tantangan dalam penggunaan jamur pangan untuk menanggulangi stunting untuk memberikan potensi penelitian lebih lanjut di bidang ini

Efek intervensi permen probiotik Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13 terhadap kualitas feses dan komposisi mikrobia usus balita gizi kurang

Background: Undernutrition, a high nutritional problem in Indonesia, can be caused by the imbalance of the gut microbiota composition and gut healthiness. Probiotic intervention is one of the ways that can maintain those aspects. Preventive steps to address malnutrition can improve human resources in the future.Objectives: This research aimed to evaluate the efficacy of probiotic L. plantarum Dad-13 intervention on fecal quality and gut microbiota modulation of undernourished infants. Methods: This research was conducted in Tirtoadi Village, Sleman, Yogyakarta, from January to March 2020, using a randomized, double-blind clinical control trial design with two groups: placebo (n:15) and probiotic (n:15), over a 50-day intervention period. The probiotic group was given L. plantarum Dad-13 candy, while the placebo group was given candy with the same composition but without adding L. plantarum Dad-13. Anthropometric measurements and feces sampling were carried out before and after the intervention. Fecal samples were then analyzed for fecal quality and intestinal microbial composition. The data obtained were analyzed using the Wilcoxon paired test for within-group differences (before and after the intervention). In contrast, the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for between-group analysis (placebo and probiotic).Results: The result showed that the intervention of L. plantarum Dad-13 candy improved defecation frequency (p<0,024) and fecal consistency towards the normal category.  Besides that, although there is no change in the F/B ratio, L. plantarum Dad-13 intervention also enhanced the number of genus-related Firmicutes phylum, which have the benefit of maintaining gut health and inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria.Conclusion: Therefore, probiotic L. plantarum Dad-13 can prevent the progression of stunting in undernourished children

Gut Microbiota Modulation of Moderate Undernutrition in Infants through Gummy Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13 Consumption: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial

Undernutrition is associated with gut microbiota unbalance, and probiotics are believed to restore it and improve gut integrity. A randomized double-blind controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of gummy L. plantarum Dad-13 (108−9 CFU/3 g) to prevent the progression of severe undernutrition. Two groups of moderate undernutrition infants were involved in this study, namely the placebo (n = 15) and probiotics (n = 15) groups, and were required to consume the product for 50 days. 16S rRNA sequencing and qPCR were used for gut microbiota analysis, and gas chromatography was used to analyze Short-Chain Fatty Acid (SCFA). The daily food intake of both groups was recorded using food records. Our results revealed that the probiotic group had better improvements regarding the anthropometry and nutritional status. In addition, L. plantarum Dad-13 modulated the butyric acid-producing bacteria to increase and inhibit the growth of Enterobacteriaceae. This gut modulation was associated with the increment in SCFA, especially total SCFA, propionic, and butyric acid. The number of L. plantarum was increased after the probiotic intervention. However, L. plantarum Dad-13 was not able to change the alpha and beta diversity. Therefore, L. plantarum Dad-13 has been proven to promote the growth of beneficial bacteria