ReSurveyEurope: A database of resurveyed vegetation plots in Europe

Abstract Aims We introduce ReSurveyEurope — a new data source of resurveyed vegetation plots in Europe, compiled by a collaborative network of vegetation scientists. We describe the scope of this initiative, provide an overview of currently available data, governance, data contribution rules, and accessibility. In addition, we outline further steps, including potential research questions. Results ReSurveyEurope includes resurveyed vegetation plots from all habitats. Version 1.0 of ReSurveyEurope contains 283,135 observations (i.e., individual surveys of each plot) from 79,190 plots sampled in 449 independent resurvey projects. Of these, 62,139 (78%) are permanent plots, that is, marked in situ, or located with GPS, which allow for high spatial accuracy in resurvey. The remaining 17,051 (22%) plots are from studies in which plots from the initial survey could not be exactly relocated. Four data sets, which together account for 28,470 (36%) plots, provide only presence/absence information on plant species, while the remaining 50,720 (64%) plots contain abundance information (e.g., percentage cover or cover–abundance classes such as variants of the Braun‐Blanquet scale). The oldest plots were sampled in 1911 in the Swiss Alps, while most plots were sampled between 1950 and 2020. Conclusions ReSurveyEurope is a new resource to address a wide range of research questions on fine‐scale changes in European vegetation. The initiative is devoted to an inclusive and transparent governance and data usage approach, based on slightly adapted rules of the well‐established European Vegetation Archive (EVA). ReSurveyEurope data are ready for use, and proposals for analyses of the data set can be submitted at any time to the coordinators. Still, further data contributions are highly welcome

ReSurveyEurope : A database of resurveyed vegetation plots in Europe

Aims: We introduce ReSurveyEurope — a new data source of resurveyed vegetation plots in Europe, compiled by a collaborative network of vegetation scientists. We de- scribe the scope of this initiative, provide an overview of currently available data, governance, data contribution rules, and accessibility. In addition, we outline further steps, including potential research questions. Results: ReSurveyEurope includes resurveyed vegetation plots from all habitats. Version 1.0 of ReSurveyEurope contains 283,135 observations (i.e., individual sur- veys of each plot) from 79,190 plots sampled in 449 independent resurvey projects. Of these, 62,139 (78%) are permanent plots, that is, marked in situ, or located with GPS, which allow for high spatial accuracy in resurvey. The remaining 17,051 (22%) plots are from studies in which plots from the initial survey could not be exactly relocated. Four data sets, which together account for 28,470 (36%) plots, provide only presence/absence information on plant species, while the remaining 50,720 (64%) plots contain abundance information (e.g., percentage cover or cover–abun- dance classes such as variants of the Braun- Blanquet scale). The oldest plots were sampled in 1911 in the Swiss Alps, while most plots were sampled between 1950 and 2020. Conclusions: ReSurveyEurope is a new resource to address a wide range of re- search questions on fine-scale changes in European vegetation. The initiative is de- voted to an inclusive and transparent governance and data usage approach, based on slightly adapted rules of the well-established European Vegetation Archive (EVA). ReSurveyEurope data are ready for use, and proposals for analyses of the data set can be submitted at any time to the coordinators. Still, further data contributions are highly welcom

Comparison of the living standards in North Moravia region and Prague in the 70s and 80s of the 20th century

The Czechoslovakian economy and standard of living of the population in Czechoslovakia in the 70's and 80's of the last century, can be evaluated, in comparison with the developed countries of the former Western World, as lagging behind. However, in this comparison, has to be taken into account the different political systems of each country. The bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of living standards of citizens in selected regions of Czechoslovakia and the subsequent comparison of this two selected areas. The theoretical part includes not only an introduction into the issue of standard of living, but also the general outline of the political and economic situation in the former Czechoslovakia. Based on empirical research, the thesis is trying to find meaningful data on this issue. A comparison of expenditures and incomes of households, availability of medical and social services, equipment or free time spending -- this all is included in this research, which first analyzes the data in this two regions, which is beeing comparing in the last part. The specified hypothesis, that residents of the North Moravia region had a comparable, if not higher standard of living, than in Prague, thanks to at that time very supported steel industry, was in the framework of certain investigated factors partly confirmed. A particularly due to higher total industrial employment and the associated higher wages in this sector. The citizens of the North Moravia region had better results in the context of household equipment too. On the other hand, the people of Prague had better conditions in the availability of health and social services and richer leisure activities in the field of cultural life

Comparison of the living standards in North Moravia region and Prague in the 70s and 80s of the 20th century

Ekonomiku ČSSR a životní úroveň obyvatel v Československé republice v 70. a 80. letech minulého století lze hodnotit v porovnání s vyspělými zeměmi tehdejšího západního světa jako zaostávající. Ve srovnání však je potřeba brát v potaz rozdílné politické systémy jednotlivých zemí. Bakalářská práce se zabývá analýzou životní úrovně občanů ČSSR ve vybraných krajích a následnou komparací těchto dvou vybraných území. Teoretická část práce obsahuje nejen úvod do problematiky životní úrovně obyvatel, ale také obecný nástin politicko-ekonomické situace v tehdejším Československu. Na základě empirického výzkumu se práce pokouší najít vypovídající data o této problematice. Srovnání výdajů a příjmu domácností, dostupnost zdravotních a sociálních služeb, vybavenost spotřebiči či trávení volného času - to vše je zahrnuto ve výzkumu, který nejdříve analyzuje data v obou regionech, jež jsou následně porovnány v poslední části práce. Zadaná hypotéza, že obyvatelé Severomoravského kraje měli srovnatelnou, ne-li vyšší životní úroveň než v Praze, především díky v té době podporovanému hutnímu průmyslu, byla v rámci některých zkoumaných faktorů zčásti potvrzena. A to zejména z důvodu vyšší celkové průmyslové zaměstnanosti a s tím spojenými vyššími mzdami v tomto odvětví. Lépe na tom byli občané Severomoravského kraje také v rámci vybavenosti domácností. Na druhou stranu měli ovšem Pražané lepší podmínky v dostupnosti zdravotních a sociálních služeb a bohatší možnosti trávení volného času v oblasti kulturního vyžití.The Czechoslovakian economy and standard of living of the population in Czechoslovakia in the 70's and 80's of the last century, can be evaluated, in comparison with the developed countries of the former Western World, as lagging behind. However, in this comparison, has to be taken into account the different political systems of each country. The bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of living standards of citizens in selected regions of Czechoslovakia and the subsequent comparison of this two selected areas. The theoretical part includes not only an introduction into the issue of standard of living, but also the general outline of the political and economic situation in the former Czechoslovakia. Based on empirical research, the thesis is trying to find meaningful data on this issue. A comparison of expenditures and incomes of households, availability of medical and social services, equipment or free time spending -- this all is included in this research, which first analyzes the data in this two regions, which is beeing comparing in the last part. The specified hypothesis, that residents of the North Moravia region had a comparable, if not higher standard of living, than in Prague, thanks to at that time very supported steel industry, was in the framework of certain investigated factors partly confirmed. A particularly due to higher total industrial employment and the associated higher wages in this sector. The citizens of the North Moravia region had better results in the context of household equipment too. On the other hand, the people of Prague had better conditions in the availability of health and social services and richer leisure activities in the field of cultural life

Balkan Vegetation Database: historical background, current status and future perspectives

The Balkan Vegetation Database (BVD; GIVD ID: EU-00-019; http://www.givd.info/ID/EU-00- 019) is a regional database that consists of phytosociological relevés from different vegetation types from six countries on the Balkan Peninsula (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Kosovo, Montenegro and Serbia). Currently, it contains 9,580 relevés, and most of them (78%) are geo-referenced. The database includes digitized relevés from the literature (79%) and unpublished data (21%). Herein we present descriptive statistics about attributive relevé information. We developed rules that regulate governance of the database, data provision, types of data availability regimes, data requests and terms of use, authorships and relationships with other databases. The database offers an extensive overview about studies on the local, regional and SE European levels including information about flora, vegetation and habitats

Balkan Vegetation Database (BVD) – updated information and current status

The Balkan Vegetation Database (BVD; GIVD ID: EU-00-019) is a regional database, which was established in 2014. It comprises phytosociological relevés covering various vegetation types from nine countries of the Balkan Peninsula (Albania – 153 relevés, Bosnia and Herzegovina – 1715, Bulgaria – 12,282, Greece – 465, Croatia – 69, Kosovo – 493, Montenegro – 440, North Macedonia – 13 and Serbia – 2677). Currently, it contains 18,306 relevés (compared to 9.580 in 2016), and most of them (82.8%) are geo-referenced. The database includes both digitized relevés from the literature (65.6%) and unpublished data (34.5%). Plot size is available for 84.7% of all relevés. During the last four years some “header data information” was improved e.g. elevation (now available for 83.4% of all relevés), aspect (67.7%), slope (66%), total cover of vegetation (54.3%), cover of tree, shrub, herb, bryophyte and lichen layers (27.1%, 20.1%, 40.2%, 11.5% and 2.1%), respectively. Data access is either semi-restricted (65.6%) or restricted (34.4%). Most relevés (84.6%) are classified to syntaxa of different levels. The database has been used for numerous studies with various objectives from floristic, vegetation and habitat-related topics, to macroecological studies at the local, regional, national, continental and global levels. During the last four years, BVD data were requested from 111 different projects via the EVA and sPlot databases

ReSurveyEurope : a database of resurveyed vegetation plots in Europe

Aims: We introduce ReSurveyEurope — a new data source of resurveyed vegetation plots in Europe, compiled by a collaborative network of vegetation scientists. We describe the scope of this initiative, provide an overview of currently available data, governance, data contribution rules, and accessibility. In addition, we outline further steps, including potential research questions. Results: ReSurveyEurope includes resurveyed vegetation plots from all habitats. Version 1.0 of ReSurveyEurope contains 283,135 observations (i.e., individual surveys of each plot) from 79,190 plots sampled in 449 independent resurvey projects. Of these, 62,139 (78%) are permanent plots, that is, marked in situ, or located with GPS, which allow for high spatial accuracy in resurvey. The remaining 17,051 (22%) plots are from studies in which plots from the initial survey could not be exactly relocated. Four data sets, which together account for 28,470 (36%) plots, provide only presence/absence information on plant species, while the remaining 50,720 (64%) plots contain abundance information (e.g., percentage cover or cover–abundance classes such as variants of the Braun-Blanquet scale). The oldest plots were sampled in 1911 in the Swiss Alps, while most plots were sampled between 1950 and 2020. Conclusions: ReSurveyEurope is a new resource to address a wide range of research questions on fine-scale changes in European vegetation. The initiative is devoted to an inclusive and transparent governance and data usage approach, based on slightly adapted rules of the well-established European Vegetation Archive (EVA). ReSurveyEurope data are ready for use, and proposals for analyses of the data set can be submitted at any time to the coordinators. Still, further data contributions are highly welcome